ABSTRACT
Abstract To investigate the root canal anatomy of permanent maxillary and mandibular canines in a Turkish subpopulation using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Retrospective CBCT data of 300 patients admitted to our clinic between 2016 and 2018 were screened and evaluated. A total of 235 patients, 100 males and 135 females, aged 14-76 years (mean age 37.27±13.40) were included in this study. A total of 191 (44,8%) maxillary canine teeth and 235 (55,2%) mandibular canine teeth were examined. The number of roots and root canal morphology according to Vertucci's classification, the presence of accessory canals, and the position of the apical foramen of the root were analyzed. The effect of gender and age on the incidence of root canal morphology was also investigated. The majority of the teeth had a Type I canal configuration in both maxillary canines (100%) and mandibular canines (92,8%). In the mandibular canines the other canal patterns found were Type III (6,8%), and Type II (0,4%). Apical foramen was centrally positioned in the majority of the teeth, 70,2% and 66,8% in maxillary and mandibular canines, respectively. The occurrence of two roots in mandibular canines was 3,8% and the root canal separation was found 53,8% and 46,2% in the middle and cervical third of the root, respectively. No significant statistical difference was observed effect of gender and age on the incidence of the root canal morphology and the position of the apical foramen. Due to the diverse morphology and the potential presence of a second canal for canine teeth among the Turkish subpopulation, dentists should perform endodontic treatments with greater care. CBCT is an accurate tool for the morphological assessment of the root canals.
Resumen Investigar la anatomía del conducto radicular de los caninos maxilares y mandibulares permanentes en una subpoblación turca utilizando la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (CBCT). Se examinaron y evaluaron los datos CBCT retrospectivos de 300 pacientes ingresados en nuestra clínica entre 2016 y 2018. Un total de 235 pacientes, 100 hombres y 135 mujeres, de entre 14 y 76 años (edad media de 37,27±13,40) fueron incluidos en este estudio. Se examinaron un total de 191 (44,8%) dientes caninos maxilares y 235 (55,2%) dientes caninos mandibulares. Se analizó el número de raíces y la morfología del conducto radicular según la clasificación de Vertucci, la presencia de conductos accesorios y la posición del foramen apical de la raíz. También se investigó el efecto del sexo y la edad en la incidencia de la morfología del conducto radicular. La mayoría de los dientes tenían una configuración de conductos de tipo I tanto en los caninos maxilares (100%) como en los caninos mandibulares (92,8%). En los caninos mandibulares los otros patrones de conductos encontrados fueron el Tipo III (6,8%) y el Tipo II (0,4%). El foramen apical estaba situado en posición central en la mayoría de los dientes, 70,2% y 66,8% en los caninos maxilares y mandibulares, respectivamente. La ocurrencia de dos raíces en los caninos mandibulares es del 3,8% y la separación del conducto radicular se encontró en el tercio medio y cervical de la raíz en el 53,8% y el 46,2%, respectivamente. No se observó ninguna diferencia estadística significativa en el efecto del sexo y la edad sobre la incidencia de la morfología del conducto radicular y la posición del foramen apical. Debido a la diversa morfología y a la posible presencia de un segundo conducto en los dientes caninos entre la subpoblación turca, los odontólogos deberían realizar los tratamientos endodónticos con mayor cuidado. La CBCT es una herramienta precisa para la evaluación morfológica de los conductos radiculares.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Pulp Cavity/anatomy & histology , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/instrumentation , Maxilla/anatomy & histology , Turkey , Mandibular CanalABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To emphasize the importance of diagnosis and discuss the therapeutic approaches that can be used in the orthodontic treatment of Class I malocclusion associated with two impacted maxillary canines. The opening of spaces for traction of these teeth by means of rapid maxillary expansion or extraction of maxillary premolars was contraindicated in the case reported. Therefore, it was decided to open spaces with projection of incisors. Results: The obtained results were satisfactory, as a good occlusion was obtained, with adequate functional guides, as well as an improvement in the facial appearance. Conclusion: The projection of the incisors prior to traction of the impacted maxillary canines proved to be a valid option in the case described. Ten years after completion of treatment, the case is stable, maintaining periodontal health.
RESUMO Objetivo: Destacar a importância do diagnóstico e discutir as abordagens terapêuticas que podem ser utilizadas no tratamento ortodôntico da má oclusão de Classe I associada a dois caninos superiores impactados. Relato de caso: A abertura de espaço para tracionar esses dentes por meio de expansão rápida da maxila ou exodontia de pré-molares superiores era contraindicada no caso relatado. Portanto, decidiu-se abrir espaço por meio da projeção dos incisivos. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios, pois obteve-se uma boa oclusão, com guias funcionais adequadas, além da melhoria no aspecto facial. Conclusão: A projeção dos incisivos prévia ao tracionamento dos caninos superiores impactados mostrou-se uma opção válida no caso descrito. Dez anos após a finalização do tratamento, o caso apresenta-se estável, mantendo a saúde periodontal.
ABSTRACT
The Dentigerous cysts are odontogenic cysts which originates from reduced enamel epithelium in an unerupted tooth or it encloses the crown of an unerupted or impacted tooth at cementoenamel junction, it is estimated to about 20% of all epithelium lined cysts and 2nd most common odontogenic cyst after radicular cyst. Here is a case report of dentigerous cyst of right maxilla which has been discussed below.
ABSTRACT
Dentigerous cyst is a cyst that encapsulates enamel of the unerupted tooth, thus causing the tooth become unable to complete the eruption process. This cyst is defined as a developmental cyst as it generally occurs in first until the third decades of life. Dentigerous cyst commonly affect the mandibular area of the teeth. This article describes the case of a young patient with dentigerous cyst which affect maxillary canine. A 6-year-old girl was admitted to Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic at Mangusada Hospital Bali with facial asymmetry on her right cheek, noticed since the past one week. She got some medicines from the general physician, but there was no improvement. From the CT scan, we found a solitary mass on the size of 3 x 3.2 x 3.6 cm on the right maxillary area. Enucleation was done and the Caldwell-Luc approach was performed under general anesthesia. The cyst revealed to have an ectopic maxillary canine inside. The cyst and ectopic tooth were extracted from the pathological site and the incisional specimens were sent for histopathological examination. The result revealed a cyst lined by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium without any malignancy. She had antibiotics therapy post-surgery, and her symptoms were resolved within a week. In one month follow up, there was no sign of recurrence.
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This study aimed to investigate the correlation between maxillary canine's dental maturity and skeletal maturity of growing children. Cephalometric radiographs, hand-wrist radiographs and panoramic radiographs of 299 children aged 6 – 17 years were analyzed to measure the cervical vertebral maturation stages (CVMS), skeletal maturity indicators (SMI) and Demirjian index (DI). Spearman correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between dental maturity and skeletal maturity.There was significant positive correlation between the DI and CVMS in both boys and girls (p = 0.000). Similarly positive correlation was found between the DI and SMI (p = 0.000).The results of this study suggest that the dental maturity of maxillary canine can be used as auxiliary maturity indicator in growing children.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , HumansABSTRACT
Root resorption of the permanent maxillary incisors can occur due to ectopic eruption of the permanent canines. Severe root resorption threatens the long-term survival of the affected incisors. The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors for root resorption of the maxillary incisors associated with impacted maxillary canines. In the present study, we retrospectively analyzed the Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans of 65 children and adolescents with ectopically erupting maxillary canines (total of 88 impacted canines). Root resorption of central incisors was significantly associated with the mesiodistal position and root development of the adjacent canine. Root resorption of lateral incisors was significantly associated with sex, age, and the buccolingual and vertical position of the adjacent canine. However, enlargement of the dental follicle was not significantly associated with root resorption of adjacent incisors. Although incisor resorption is difficult to diagnose and predict, our findings suggest that changes in the dental follicles of the erupting maxillary canines do not cause resorption of the adjacent permanent incisors. CBCT should be utilized to ensure early diagnosis of impacted canines and precise evaluation of incisor root resorption.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Humans , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Dental Sac , Early Diagnosis , Incisor , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Root Resorption , Tooth, ImpactedABSTRACT
Maxillary canine has a significant importance in functional and esthetic aspect of the occlusion. Clinicians must have a sound knowledge regarding the management of impacted maxillary canines as is second most common teeth prone for impaction after third molars. With early detection and timely interception and well planned orthodontic treatment the impacted canines can be successfully bought to the occlusion. This article gives an overview of etiology, diagnosis and prognosis of impacted canine
ABSTRACT
Background: Dentigerous cyst is a common odontogenic cyst associated with impacted tooth. Imaging of this entity poses a challenge. Case details: We present an interesting case of dentigerous cyst in a 30-year old male patient, which developed around an impacted 13. Histological examination revealed a cyst with stratified squamous epithelium of varying thickness. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an emerging technology finding application in all branches of dentistry. The current case report highlights the application of CBCT in the preoperative assessment of dentigerous cyst of the jaw. CBCT revealed a well defined unilocular radiolucent lesion involving right maxilla associated with impacted 13. Conclusion: The current case report describes the significant contribution of CBCT in the planning and successful surgical management of dentigerous cysts and associated impacted teeth.
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Objective To explore the clinical application value of three-dimensional reconstruction of maxillary canine pulp volume /tooth volume (PV/TV)in individual gender determination.Methods There were 103 patients (51 males and 52 females) with CBCT imaging data from September 2015 to August 2016, Shanxi Medical University, department of radiology, Mimics 17.0 software was used to measure pulp volume of maxillary canines and tooth volume, and to calculate the ratio of pulp volume/tooth volume.The data were processed by SPSS16.0 statistical software and Fisher discriminant method. The gender determination function was obtained and Cross -Validated method for performance evaluation. Results When gender determination was determined by tooth volume (TV) and pulp volume/tooth volume (PV / TV) as the study index, the gender discriminant function was Y=0.009(TV)+28.896(PV/TV) - 6.962, Cross-validated method for the effect of evaluation, to determine the compliance rate: 51 males, the correct rate of 64.7%;52 female, the correct rate of 78.8%. Conclusion The tooth volume (TV) and pulp volume/tooth volume (PV/TV)can be used as a research indicator of gender inference, it provides a new method and avenue for the gender determination in forensic medicine.
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Aim: The aims of this in vitro study were to see potential applications of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in the analysis of root canal morphology. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study measurement of root and canal diameters, root and canal diameter ratios, and radicular wall thickness at different levels in maxillary canines with long oval root canals. A total of 40 human maxillary canines, with single long oval canals were selected for this study. The specimens were analyzed with MDCT (16 slice) through dentascan software. The cross‑sections corresponding to 625 mm slice thickness from the radiologic apex were analyzed to measure the mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) diameters of the canals and the thickness of the root and the walls. The BL/MD ratios of the canal (ΔC) and the root (ΔR) diameters were calculated, as was as the mean taper in both a BL and an MD dimension. Results: A high correlation was established between the shape of the root canal and the corresponding root. Conclusion: Clinical Implications of these techniques is useful to clinician and it can also be applied to improve preclinical training and analysis of fundamental procedures in endodontic and restorative treatment.
Subject(s)
Cuspid/anatomy & histology , Cuspid/diagnostic imaging , Dental Pulp Cavity/analysis , Dental Pulp Cavity/anatomy & histology , Dental Pulp Cavity/diagnostic imaging , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Maxilla/diagnostic imaging , Multidetector Computed Tomography/methods , Radiographic Image EnhancementABSTRACT
Objective:To assess the guidance of 3D reconstruction in the surgical and orthodontic management of maxillary palatal impacted canines with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Methods:22 adolescent patients with 26 impacted maxillary conines were examined by CBCT.CBCT 3D reconstruction was used to observe the impaction of the canines.Measurements were taken to evaluate spatial relationship between the canine and adjacent structures and resorption of neighboring incisor roots.Results:CBCT was effective to localize the impacted canines.All of the maxillary palatal impacted canines inclinated mesially,angles of impacted ca-nines to occlusal plane were 61.1°±18.1°,there were 8,5,3 and 10 impacted canines found in classⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ mesial mal-position respectively.3 adjacent lateral incisors and 2 central incisors were extracted because of severely root resorption.Normal occlu-sion was achieved for 26 impacted canines by the traction of the canines into dental arch and reaching the occlusal plane.Conclusion:CBCT can spatially show the palatal impaction of maxillary canines and the relationship to adjacent tooth,can guide the treatment plan and traction direction,therefore increase therapeutic effect.
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Tooth transposition is a rare developmental anomalyaffecting less than 1% of the population. Thepermanent maxillary canine and 1st premolar are themost commonly affected teeth. Bilateral maxillarycanine-1st premolar transpositions are extremely rarewith only a handful of cases being reported in theliterature. We report one such case of bilateralmaxillary canine-1st premolar transposition in a 28year old Malaysian female which was associated withother dental anomalies.
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Los dientes impactados presentan muchos problemas. Pueden comprometer la movilidad dentaria, la estética, y los resultados funcionales. Después del tercer molar superior, los caninos superiores presentan la impactación más común, los cuales pueden impactar en posición vestibular o palatina, y son más comunes en mujeres que en varones. Con un manejo terapéutico quirúrgico y ortodoncico adecuado, los caninos superiores impactados pueden erupcionar y ser guíados a una posición adecuada en el arco dental. En este artículo se presenta un caso quirúrgico-ortodóncico de un canino superior impactado vestibular en una mujer adulta, tratada mediante la técnica cerrada con preservación de las papilas.
Impacted teeth present many problems. They can compromise tooth movement, esthetics, and functional outcomes. After the maxillary third molar, the maxillary canines are the most commonly encountered impaction, which can be impacted buccally or palatally, and are more common in female patients than in male patients. With a well-managed surgical and orthodontic treatment, impacted maxillary canines can be erupted and guided to an appropriate location in the dental arch. This article presents a surgical-orthodontic case of maxillary canine impacted buccally in an adult woman, treated with the closed technique for preservation of papillae.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Cuspid , Tooth, Impacted/surgery , Orthodontics, Corrective/methods , TractionABSTRACT
O canino é um elemento dentário de extrema importância para a harmonia oclusal, constituindo um elemento de proteção do sistema estomatognático. Apresentam depois dos terceiros molares, a maior ocorrência de impactação dentária, especialmente na região palatina. Para o diagnóstico de canino impactado faz-se necessário a anamnese, exame clínico e radiográfico. Métodos radiográficos convencionais são utilizados com frequência para tal diagnóstico, porém as informações se limitam apenas na identificação da impactação e localização vestíbulo-palatino do mesmo. A tomografia computadorizada permitiu realizar uma visualização e avaliação tridimensional das regiões do organismo por meio de cortes e reconstruções multiplanares, fornecendo distância das estruturas adjacentes, a exata localização dos dentes, condições patológicas associadas, entre outras. É um método que oferece maior riqueza em detalhes, em único exame, e portando um diagnóstico seguro, e consequentemente uma conduta adequada para o tratamento do caso.
The canine is a tooth of extreme importance for occlusal harmony and for the protection of stomatognatic system. It presents after the third molars, the most occurrence of impactation, especially in palate regions. For the diagnosis of the impacted canine, if necessary, must be realized a clinic examination and radiographic. Conventional radiographic methods are used with some frequency for its diagnosis, but the informations are limited to the identification of impacted tooth for vestibulo-palatine localization of it. Computed tomography allows a three-dimensional evaluation of the body parts through cuts and multiplans reconstruction, providing a distance of adjacent structures, the exact localization of teeth and pathologies associated. It´s a method which offers more details in just only exam promoting a safe diagnostic and an adequated condut for the treatment.
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Maxillary canines have less anatomical diversities than other teeth. They usually have a single root and root canal. This report describes an endodontic treatment of a maxillary canine with two separated root canals which have not been reported through the demonstration of radiography and computerized tomography (CT). Even though appropriated endodontic treatment has been performed, the severe pain could happen due to lack of consideration of anatomical variations of the teeth. Therefore, the clinicians should be well aware of the possibility of anatomical variations in the root canal system during endodontic treatment even if the number of root canals is obvious such as in this case.
Subject(s)
Dental Pulp Cavity , ToothABSTRACT
Objective To explore induced eruption techniques of the impacted maxillary canine with labial medial inclination. Methods A total of 38 cases with upper impacted canines with labial medial inclination were selected. The impacted canine was connected to the buccal hook of the upper first molar band, moved distantly and uprightly and then drawn to the dental arch after the pressure to the adjacent teeth was removed. Results After average 18 months treatment, 38 patients had good functions. The deeper impacted canines in 5 patients were extracted, and then the dental arch spaces closed. The lateral incisors of root resorption in 4 patients were extracted. The premolars in 19 patients were removed, and 10 patients without extractions. Then the impacted canines were moved into dental arch. There was no aggravated root resorption during the treatment process. Conclusion When the maxillary canine with labial medial inclination is impacted, it is moved distantly and uprightly by elastic line connected to the buccal hook of the maxillary first molar band, and then drawn to the dental arch. The process is smoothly and the neighbor teeth are protected.
ABSTRACT
Os dentes seguem uma seqüência de erupção favorável no desenvolvimento da oclusão normal, mas algum distúrbio desse mecanismo, nesse período de transição da dentadura mista para a permanente, pode levar a alterações na seqüência ou mesmo no trajeto de erupção, levando a impactação de dentes. Os caninos superiores permanentes, depois dos terceiros molares, apresentam maior ocorrência de impactação, especialmente na região palatina, mesmo na presença de espaço suficiente para o seu alinhamento na arcada dentária. Na impossibilidade do diagnóstico precoce, esforços serão empregados para reposicionar o dente no arco dentário evitando sua extração, dada a sua importância no equilíbrio, harmonia e função do arco dentário. Nos casos não diagnosticados ou tratados inadequadamente podem ocorrer perturbações mecânicas, infecciosas ou neoplásicas. O prognóstico depende da posição do canino em relação às estruturas adjacentes e à possibilidade de movimentação ortodôntica. O presente trabalho aborda os principais fatores a serem considerados nos casos de caninos superiores permanentes impactados, tais como processo de erupção, etiologia, diagnóstico e uma forma de tração proposta para caninos impactados. Também será apresentado um caso clínico em que se optou pelo tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico, cuja técnica de tração tem-se mostrado bastante eficiente nos casos de impactação de caninos no palato.
The teeth follow a favorable sequence of eruption on the development of a normal occlusion, but some disturbance of that mechanism at the period of transition of the mixed denture for the permanent one, may provoke alterations in the sequence or even in the eruption path, resulting in impactation of teeth. The permanent maxillary canine, after the third molars, is the most commonly impacted tooth, especially at the palatine area, even though enough space be present for its alignment in the dental arcade. If a precocious diagnosis is not possible, efforts should be used for replace the tooth in the dental arch avoiding its extraction, because its importance for the aesthetic balance and the functional occlusion. The not diagnosed or inadequately negotiated cases may incur mechanical, infectious or neoplasics disturbances. The prognostic depends on the position of the maxillary canine with relation to the adjacent structures and to the possibility of orthodontic movement. The present work approaches the main factors to be considered in the cases of impacted permanent maxillary canine, such as eruption process, etiology, diagnosis and a proper way of palatal impacted canines traction used by ower orthodontic team. A clinical case will also be presented which opted for a surgical-orthodontic treatment, showing a traction technique which have been demonstrated quite efficient in palatal impacted canines cases.