Rouleaux formation of white blood cells and platelets in leukemia / Formação de rouleaux de glóbulos brancos e plaquetas em leucemia

The objective of this study was to measure the effects of glucose and salt level on white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets (PLTs) in the blood of a leukemic patient by using a white light microscope. Different concentrations of glucose and salt in the range of 0 mM to 500 mM were admixed in the blood sample to prepare blood smear. We revealed that shape of erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets changes and form aggregates. Increasing concentrations of glucose cause to increases aggregation process of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. And the increasing concentration of sodium chloride causes to increase rouleaux formation and aggregation of platelets but dehydration due to increased sodium chloride concentration causes to break the aggregation of white blood cells. Comparison of CBC reports of these samples with and without analytes shows that total leukocyte count (TLC) decreases gradually towards normal ranges of leukocytes which is favorable in the treatment of leukemia but at the same time decreasing level of hemoglobin HGB, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and increasing level of red blood cell (RBCs) causes to reduce oxygen supply which is in favor of cancer growth and anemia. This work provides us the base for translation this in vitro study towards the in vivo case of blood microvasculature as a non-invasive methodology.

O objetivo deste estudo foi medir os efeitos da glicose e do nível de sal nos glóbulos brancos, glóbulos vermelhos e plaquetas (PLTs) no sangue de um paciente leucêmico usando um microscópio de luz branca. Foram misturadas diferentes concentrações de glicose e sal na gama de 0 mM a 500 mM na amostra de sangue para preparar esfregaço de sangue. Descrevemos que a forma dos eritrócitos, leucócitos e plaquetas muda e forma agregados. O aumento das concentrações de glicose aumenta o processo de agregação de glóbulos brancos, glóbulos vermelhos e plaquetas. E a crescente concentração de cloreto de sódio causa o aumento da formação de rouleaux e a agregação de plaquetas, mas a desidratação devido ao aumento da concentração de cloreto de sódio causa a quebra da agregação de glóbulos brancos. A comparação dos relatórios de CBC dessas amostras com e sem analitos mostra que a contagem total de leucócitos (TLC) diminui gradualmente para os intervalos normais de leucócitos, o que é favorável no tratamento da leucemia, mas ao mesmo tempo diminui o nível de hemoglobina HGB, hemoglobina corpuscular média (MCH ), a concentração média de hemoglobina corpuscular (MCHC) e o aumento do nível de glóbulos vermelhos (RBCs) reduz o suprimento de oxigênio, o que é a favor do crescimento do câncer e da anemia. Este trabalho fornece a base para a tradução deste estudo in vitro para o caso in vivo de microvasculatura de sangue como uma metodologia não-invasiva.

Investigation on reference intervals of MCV,MCH and MCHC levels determined by Mindray BC-6800 hematology analyzer / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the reference intervals of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) ,mean corpuscular hemoglo‐bin(MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) examined by the MindrayBC‐6800 hematological analyzer to establish the reference intervals suitable for our laboratory .Methods According to the method recommended by the NCCLS C28‐A3 ,600 healthy adult individuals were selected as the reference individuals .MCV ,MCH and MCHC levels were determined by the MindrayBC‐6800 hematological analyzer for constructing the reference intervals ;other 150 healthy persons undergoing the physical examination were selected and their MCH ,MCV and MCHC detection results were collected for verifying the established reference intervals .Results The detection results of MCV ,MCH and MCHC in healthy adults showed a normal distribution ,MCV had sta‐tistical difference among different age periods (P<0 .05);the reference intervals :82 .278 -94 .242 fL for young adults ,83 .032-94 .608 fL for the middle‐aged persons and 83 .137-96 .343 fL for the elderly .MCH had statistical differences between different se‐xes and among different age periods ;the reference intervals :27 .785-32 .415 pg for male young adults ,28 .324-32 .456 pg for male middle‐aged persons and 28 .274-32 .966 pg for male elderly ;27 .367-31 .973 pg for female young adults ,27 .445-32 .215 pg for female middle‐aged persons and 27 .532 -32 .468 pg for female elderly .MCHC had statistical difference between different sexes (P<0 .05) ;the reference intervals :328 .611-352 .810 g/L for male and 323 .771-348 .750 g/L for female .In 150 individuals un‐dergoing the physical examination ,the proportion of individuals locating at the outside of reference interval was less than 10 .0% , therefore the newly established intervals were suitable for this laboratory .Conclusion The sex difference or/and age differences of MCV ,MCH and MCHC exist among adult populations .So the reference intervals are respectively established according to the prac‐tical situation ,which are suitable for this laboratory by verification .

A study of relationship between blood parameters with myocardial infractions.

Background: The aim of this study was to find out the changes in blood parameters in a group of myocardial infarction patients in Jamnagar, Gujarat. Methods: In this cross sectional study conducted at the medicine clinic in GGH general hospital, Jamnagar between May 2012 and April 2013, a total of 100 subjects were included. Parameters like hemoglobin, RBC count, WBC count, platelet count, hematocrit, ESR, Mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, differential WBC count used. Results: The results of present study revealed that WBC count, ESR, the differential leukocyte count (e.g. neutrophil cells) in patients increased significantly (P <0.01) comparison to controls. While, the differential leukocyte count of lymphocyte & platelet count revealed to decrease significantly (P <0.01) in patients. Conclusion: Abnormal blood parameters are more common among diabetes patients. Elevated WBC count, ESR, neutrophils are present in patients as compared to control. While decreased in lymphocytes & platelets are seen in patients as compared to control.

Critical evaluation of peripheral smear in cases of anemia with high mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration in children: A series of four cases.

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), a parameter that is reported as a part of a standard complete blood count by automated analyzer, is a measure of the concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cell. Values of MCHC significantly above reference range are not physiologically possible due to limitations on solubility of hemoglobin. The high MCHC can give us a clue to certain type of hemolytic anemia and necessitate critical evaluation of peripheral smear to reach a definitive diagnosis. Here we are presenting a series of four cases with raised MCHC, emphasizing the importance of systematic and meticulous examination of the peripheral smear to render a definitive diagnosis.