ABSTRACT
Objective: To summarize the diagnosis and measurement methods of bone defect in anterior shoulder instability (glenoid bone defect and Hill-Sachs lesion). Methods: The related literature on the diagnosis and measurement of the bone defect in anterior shoulder instability was reviewed and summarized. Results: The commonly used techniques for the diagnosis of anterior glenoid bone defect and Hill-Sachs lesion of humeral head include X-ray, CT, MRI, arthroscopy, arthrography. The methods for measuring the degree of anterior glenoid bone defect include Griffith method, glenoid index method, Pico method, and best-fit circle method. The indexes for measuring the Hill-Sachs lesion include the length, width, depth, and volume. X-ray is mainly used for primary screening. Best-fit circle method on three-dimensional (3D) CT reconstruction is commonly used to measure the glenoid bone defect currently. Glenoid track theory on 3D CT reconstruction is popular in recent years. Reliability of measuring the glenoid bone defect and Hill-Sachs lesion with MRI and arthroscopy is still debatable. Arthrography is more and more used in the diagnosis of shoulder joint instability of bone defect and concomitant soft tissue injury. Conclusion: How to improve the accuracy of evaluating glenoid bone defect and Hill-Sachs lesion before surgery still need further study.
ABSTRACT
The multi-channel digital measurement technology for temperature is developed on the basis of the combination of digital measurement technology for temperature and the 1-wire technology. This paper discusses this technology and applies it to designing a system for multi-channel digital temperature measurement. This system has already been used in the research of some kind of medical equipments. It can conquer such problems as overhigh consumption of time and labor, difficult condition when applied to measuring microenvironment temperature within a cold or hot zone.