ABSTRACT
Resumen Objetivo. Construir y valorar las propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento que permita operacionalizar las emociones y las creencias que elicitan el consumo de alimentos. Participantes. De manera no probabilística e intencional participaron 1833 hombres (49.9%) y mujeres (50.1%), de entre 14 y 18 años (M = 15.43, DT = .93). El 95.4% de los participantes se encontraban estudiando el nivel medio superior y el 4.6% iniciaba sus estudios de nivel superior en escuelas públicas de la Ciudad de México. Método. Se probó la calidad del instrumento desde la Teoría Clásica de los Test. Solo se aplicó el instrumento realizado ex profeso. Resultados. Se obtuvo un instrumento válido y confiable con tres dimensiones: creencias erróneas acerca del control de peso, experimentación de emociones agradables al comer e importancia que se le otorga al peso corporal.
Abstract Objective. To build and assess the psychometric properties of an instrument that allows the emotions and beliefs elicited by food consumption to be operationalized. Participants. 1833 men (49.9%) and women (50.1%), between 14 and 18 years old (M = 15.43, SD = .93) participated in this study in a non-probabilistic and intentional way. 95.4% of the participants were studying at high school level, and 4.6% began their higher education in public schools in Mexico City. Method. The quality of the instrument was tested according to the Classical Test Theory. Only the purposely-made instrument was implemented. Results. A valid and reliable instrument was obtained, with three dimensions: erroneous beliefs about weight control, experiencing of pleasant emotions when eating, and importance given to body weight.
Subject(s)
Humans , Psychometrics , Weight Gain , Diet, Food, and Nutrition , MexicoABSTRACT
Quick, reliable and non destructive methods are necessary to estimate size structure on commercial land crabs, in order to acquire relevant information concerning the health of their populations. Cardisoma guanhumi and Ucides cordatus are two land crabs that are exploited at a high scale and also in an artisan way in the Caribbean area and in the coasts of Brazil, which populations are endangered due to uncontrolled exploitation. The purpose of this work is to provide various methods to estimate indirectly crab body size. Sampling was carried out in Carenero (C. guanhumi) and Cumaná (U. cordatus) (Venezuela). For each species, three methods were used to measure burrow diameter (Vernier, internal spring caliper and photograph), and these were correlated with real body size of the crabs. Model II linear regression analyzes, i.e. Ordinary Least Squares and Mayor Axis, were used to build and test the performance of forecasting models. Cardisoma guanhumi showed a high bivariate data dispersion using Vernier and photo measuring methods, increasing these towards larger animals. Less dispersion was achieved with the spring caliper method; this resulted in the most accurate measurements of indirectly estimated body size in C. guanhumi (r²= 0.61), whereas Vernier measurements were the least precise. On the other hand, all three methods gave reliable estimates for U. cordatus, being the Vernier method the most accurate (r²= 0.71). However, in both species, all forecasting equations overestimated the size of smaller crabs (those below the mean) but underestimated the size of larger crabs. Nevertheless, all three methods were statistically significant for each of the species, and looking at the above mentioned underand overestimations, they can serve as reliable and fast non-destructive tools to be used by resource managers and field biologists to acquire size structure information concerning these two species. Vernier and internal spring caliper ...
Para la estimación de la estructura de tamaños en cangrejos terrestres comerciales y la obtención de información relevante para su manejo, es necesario utilizar métodos rápidos, confiables y no destructivos. Cardisoma guanhumi y Ucides cordatus son dos cangrejos terrestres que son explotados comercialmente en el Caribe y en Brasil. El propósito de este trabajo es suministrar métodos indirectos para la estimación del tamaño del caparazón de los cangrejos y por consiguiente, de la estructura de tallas. Los muestreos se llevaron a cabo en Carenero (C. guanhumi) y en Cumaná (U. cordatus) (Venezuela). Se utilizaron tres métodos para estimar el diámetro de sus madrigueras: Vernier, compás y fotografía. Estos se correlacionaron con el tamaño real del cangrejo. Se aplicó el análisis de regresión Ordinary Least Squares Model II y la capacidad de predicción se probó utilizando el modelo II Mayor Axis para las regresiones. Cardisoma guanhumi mostró una fuerte dispersión de sus datos en los métodos de Vernier y fotografía. Menos dispersión se obtuvo con el método del compás y fue el más preciso (r²= 0.61). Para U. cordatus las medidas con Vernier fueron la más adecuadas (r²= 0.71). Sin embargo los tres métodos fueron confiables. Los diferentes métodos mostraron ventajas y desventajas y dependerá del que aplique los métodos, decidir cuál será el más adecuado para sus propósitos.
Subject(s)
Astacoidea/anatomy & histology , Venezuela , Statistics as TopicABSTRACT
The domestic and foreign research status related to thermal environment in the cabin(room) is reviewed.Parameters which affect thermal environment and the index limits in the standards of the different cabin(room) are narrated overall.Measuring methods pertinent to parameters of thermal environment are introduced.Finally,the comprehensive evaluation indices of thermal comfort in the cabin(room) and their using fields are analyzed emphatically.It's essential to study thermal environment and it can establish theory foundation for research on thermal environment index system inside mobile medical equipments.