Analysis on the Social Advantages and Practical Paths of Integrating Medical Social Work Services in the Medical Field / 中国医学伦理学

There are some issues in the process of patient treatment in the medical field, such as knowledge inequality, difficulties in doctor-patient trust and interdisciplinary cooperation, disciplinary barriers, excessive diagnosis and treatment, and structural imbalance of medical resources. In response to these issues, combined with the advantages of conceptual integration, professional integration, and resource integration of medical social work, this paper proposed a practical path for integrating medical social work services in the medical field. The main paths include micro path that systematization, comprehensiveness, and personalization of patient’s diagnosis and treatment process, the integration of intermediary path that integration of disciplinary and professional perspectives, concepts, and practices, and macro path that collaboration and coordination among society, community, and healthcare systems.

Practice and study on the establishment of transformation-oriented scientific research program in medical field: Taking a medical new research & development institution of Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem as an example / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To explore the innovation mode of independent transformation-oriented science and technology research program approval by medical new research & development (R&D) institution.Methods:Through analyzing the program layout, funds, review experts, undertaking units, chief experts and interdisciplinarity to summarize the experiences of the independent transformation-oriented municipal program approval by Haihe laboratory of Cell Ecosystem in 2022.Results:As a new medical R&D institution, which vigorously constructed by Tianjin, Haihe laboratory of Cell Ecosystem has carried out the practice of the independent transformation-oriented municipal program through the measures of layout of full-chain transformation, conducting transformation-oriented review, gathering high-level research talents, and emphasizing interdisciplinarity.Conclusions:The experiences of Haihe laboratory of Cell Ecosystem make significance for medical new R&D institutions to explore and cultivate scientific research program with transformation potential and to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, which are powerful factors for new R&D institutions to play a role of pilot and provide important support to scientific and technological innovation and transformation.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Prevalence of Burnout among Residents in Orthopedics / Impacto da pandemia COVID-19 na prevalência de burnout entre residentes em ortopedia

Abstract Objective The primary objective of the present study is to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of burnout syndrome among residents in orthopedic surgery. As a secondary objective, characteristics associated with the risk of developing the severe form of the syndrome were assessed. Method In the present cross-sectional study, graduating orthopedic residents were evaluated before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Medical students formed a control group. The participants answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Brazilian validated version of the 36-item short-form health survey questionnaire (SF-36). Fifty-two residents were appraised before the pandemic and 19 during the pandemic. Results Forty-four (84.6%) residents fulfilled the criteria for burnout syndrome, and the severe form of the syndrome was present in 16 (30.7%). There was no significant change in the evaluated scores after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. There was also no increase in the prevalence of burnout syndrome or of the severe form of the syndrome. A negative correlation was observed between SF-36 items and the development of the severe form of burnout syndrome. Conclusion The prevalence of burnout syndrome and of the severe form of the disease was very high among residents in orthopedic surgery. The COVID-19 outbreak does not increase burnout in the residents.

Resumo Objetivo O objetivo principal do presente estudo é avaliar o impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 na prevalência da síndrome de burnout entre residentes de ortopedia Como objetivo secundário, foram avaliadas características associadas ao risco de desenvolver a forma grave da síndrome. MétodoNo presente estudo transversal, foram avaliados residentes antes e durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Estudantes de medicina formaram um grupo de controle. Os participantes responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico, ao Inventário Maslach Burnout, e à versão validada brasileira do Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36). Cinquenta e dois residentes foram avaliados antes da pandemia e 19 durante a pandemia. Resultados Quarenta e quatro (84,6%) residentes tinham critérios para síndrome de burnout, e a forma grave da síndrome estava presente em 16 (30,7%). Não houve alteração significativa nos escores avaliados após o início da pandemia de COVID-19. Também não houve aumento na prevalência da síndrome de burnout ou da forma grave da síndrome. Observou-se correlação negativa entre os itens SF-36 e o desenvolvimento da forma grave da síndrome de burnout. Conclusão A prevalência da síndrome de burnout e da forma grave da doença foi muito alta entre os residentes em cirurgia ortopédica. A pandemia de COVID-19 não aumentou o burnout nos residentes.

Stability improvement of Chinese medicinal essential oils based on delivery systems and their application in medical field / 中国中药杂志

Essential oils from Chinese medicine are popular in the fields such as medicine, food, and cosmetics because of their unique biological characteristics. However, since essential oils are lipophilic compounds with high volatility, poor stability, and strong irritation, various preparation technologies need to be employed to improve stability, reduce irritation, and increase bioavailability. At present, a variety of preparation technologies have been applied to the encapsulation of essential oils. Various encapsulation strategies are formed because of different delivery systems featured with multiple principles and characteristics and are widely used to improve the stability of essential oils. Essential oils of Chinese medicine are widely used in the medical field, and they are under continuous innovation and development in clinical research, the pharmaceutical industry, medical products, etc. The present study summarized various delivery systems that could improve the stability of essential oils and reviewed the applications of essential oils encapsulated in the delivery systems in the medical field to provide re-ferences for the improvement of stability of essential oils and their safety, efficiency, and wide use in the medical field.

Analysis and enlightenment of the layout of the national science and technology innovation platform in the medical field / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To understand the current situation of the layout of the national science and technology innovation platform in the medical field, and provides a basis for departments to improve the formulation of scientific and technological innovation policies and promote the reform of the mechanism.Methods:The report and the evaluation list of the official websites are the main reference, supplemented by the public information of each platform and the information retrieval and mining of database, select quantitative statistical indicator to analyze data.Results:Platforms rely on a rich variety of units, mainly concentrated in Beijing, Shanghai and other areas with strong research ability, including major disease areas, covering many key medical disciplines.Conclusions:The regional layout is not balanced, and the layout of the type of disease at the subdivision level needs to be further complemented and improved.

Japanese Medical Academic Organizations Surveyed on the Current Situation of Medical Information Providedto the Public on the Internet / 医薬品情報学

Objective: The internet isflooded with drug information; however, some of it isinappropriate and thisinadequate information could expose the public to health hazards. Therefore, we conducted research on the idea of transmitting drug information to the public via the internet and the current state of the information currently provided by each academic society relevant to the field of Medical Informatics.Methods: A questionnaire was mailed to the website managers for the website of 129 specialist medical societies, all members of the Japanese Association of Medical Sciences. We conducted our research between October to November 2018. We investigated each website administrator’s opinion about offering drug information for consumers via the internet and what information each academic society is currently providing.Results: The effective response rate was 43.4% (56/129 groups). Most respondents thought that drug information overflowed in the current Internet society. Moreover, more than half of the respondents thought that the quality of drug information transmitted to the public wasinadequate. Currently, 30 of the academic groupssurveyed are providing information to the public. When providing information, they did not refer to the “Drug Guide for Patients” much. More than 80% of respondents said they would cooperate with linking to the information provided to the public. However, each academic society felt there would be many problems with doing so such as the need for a system to check the contents of the information provided and a system to perform maintenance.Conclusion: The results showed that the website administrators recognized that there is a need to improve the quality of and system for providing drug information to the public. We believe that an integrated information system can be constructed by aggregating the drug information held by each academic society. However, this cannot be realized without first solving many problems.

Challenges and Countermeasures of Application of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Field / 中国医学伦理学

The artificial intelligence products such as diagnostic expert system and medical robot are constantly applied to medical field, which improve efficiency and benefit, and reduce the amount of labor of medical personnel, but also inevitably bring many ethical issues. The ethical challenges of artificial intelligence applying in medical field include fair benefits, unemployment, patient privacy, medical safety, division of responsibilities and supervision. The reasons may include failure to comply with basic ethical principles, technical defects, lack of legislation and supervision, implicit algorithm bias, poor data quality, insufficient public literacy and so on. The solutions proposed for the reasons included the definition of human priority, fault transparency and traceability, representative samples and researchers to avoid prejudice, the whole process supervision of research and development, production and sales, regulation to clarify moral and ethical boundaries, the legislation to improve the supervision and management system, the restriction of monopoly data, and the promotion of public awareness through education, and global governance to deal with challenges. It should ensure the application of artificial intelligence products in the medical field take "serving the interests of the human being and never harming human" as principle, under the premise of alleviating the repeated labor of medical staff to improve the efficiency and reducing the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, effectively improve the medical service quality.

Application of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Clinic (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can directly and quantitatively analyze tissue metabolism. In the field of rehabilitation, it has been used in the prognosis of spinal cord injury, and observation of the metabolic changes after injury; in the diagnosis of stroke, cognitive dysfunction assessment, and dystonia mechanism research; exploring the rehabilitation mechanism of Parkinson's disease. It can be used in tumors for auxiliary diagnosis of prostate cancer and brain tumors. In addition, it can be used to assess the severity and prognosis of heat stroke, and to study the pathogenesis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and multiple system atrophy. It was found in the animal experiments that it can optimize the experimental design. With the development of advanced shimming algorithms and other technologies, the limitations of MRS will be gradually broken.

Autoria científica do doutor Chernoviz entre a vulgarização da medicina e a formação profissional: o caso do Dicionário de medicina popular, 1842-1890 / The scientific authorship of Doctor Chernoviz, from the popularization of medicine to professional training: the Dicionário de medicina popular, 1842-1890

Resumo O artigo traz reflexões em torno da autoria científica do doutor Chernoviz a partir de seu Dicionário de medicina popular, com seis edições entre 1842 e 1890. Na primeira seção do texto discute-se a inserção de Chernoviz nos regimes de autoria científica vigentes no campo médico carioca. Em seguida, analisam-se os argumentos desenvolvidos pelo autor para justificar a publicação de um livro de vulgarização da ciência médica num momento em que o campo médico militava pela exclusividade do exercício da medicina. Por fim, sugerem-se novos sentidos em torno da autoria científica de Chernoviz a partir das constatações dos usos e das leituras do Dicionário por parte de um público de iniciados.

Abstract This article reflects on the scientific authorship of Pedro Luiz Napoleão Chernoviz, based on his Dicionário de medicina popular, which was published in six editions between 1842 and 1890. The first part of the text discusses Chernoviz's position within the regimes of scientific authorship which were present in the medical community in Rio de Janeiro. Next, we analyze the author's arguments justifying a text that popularized medical science while this field strove for exclusivity in the practice of medicine. Finally, we suggest new meanings around Chernoviz's scientific authorship based on how the Dicionário was used and read by an initiated public.

Problem of sexual violence in the medical system and plans for improvement from a legal perspective

With the emergency of the MeToo movement, some medical professionals have courageously expressed their experiences with sexual harassment and violence, but victims' fear of retaliation or career damage is still a major reason for which they may hesitate to come forward with their experiences. Manuals presenting standards for sexual harassment and sexual violence in each hospital should be standardized, so that the victims can solve these problems within the system. Taking steps to prevent sexual harassment and sexual violence in medical institutions and implementing procedures for reporting and responding to sexual harassment and sexual violence will contribute to gender equality and the eradication of sexual harassment and sexual violence in the medical system.

Application and research progress of 3D printing technology in biomedicine / 国际生物医学工程杂志

3D printing technology has unique advantages and broad application prospect in biomedicine field. In recent years, cell printing, tissue printing, and organ printing technologies h have appeared successively, and drug printing and medical device printing have been realized. For complex surgical cases, surgeons and researchers have explored a surgical program that involves 3D printing technology, and completed many clinical applications including case discussions, surgical simulations and implantation surgeries. These efforts promoted the application and development of 3D printing technology in medical field. The purpose of this paper is to describe the application and research status of 3D printing technology in medical field from the aspects of medical teaching, orthopedic surgery, stomatology, bioprinting, drug printing, medical device manufacturing, etc., and put forward the prospects for future development.

Development and Application of Fiber-optic Pressure Sensor in Medical Field / 中国医疗器械杂志

pressure monitoring is important for monitoring of organ or tissue lesions and real-time analysis of intraoperative conditions. Compared with the traditional electromechanical pressure sensor, the optical fiber pressure sensor has the advantages of small size, high sensitivity, high safety and strong ability of resisting electromagnetic interference. It has been widely applied in the medical field. This thesis reviews the development of optical fiber pressure sensors and the application of pressure monitoring in the medical field. It emphatically analyses the monitoring of the optical fiber pressure sensor in cardiovascular and blood, intracranial, airway, gastrointestinal tract and other tissues or organs. Analysis shows that the favorable result of monitor can be got using optical fiber pressure sensor in different tissues or organs.

How to make the right policy for the medical workforce

What is the most important area to focus on to improve health in Korea? The overall number of doctors is the only indicator of the health care system that is currently emphasized by the government. Instead, we should focus on the number of public hospital beds, which is very low, and health expenditures, which are below average when normalized for gross domestic product. In most Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries, the public sector is the main source of health care financing, with approximately three-quarters of health care spending originating from the public sector. In Korea, social health insurance and the government currently finance approximately 55% of all health expenditures. In contrast, Korea has a top ranking in comparison to other countries with regard to the number of private hospital beds. The ratio of medical doctors, dentists, and Korean traditional doctors in the workforce in primary clinics is approximately 2.5:1.3:1. Therefore, the Korean government should decide whether traditional doctors should be included in the health care delivery system. Most medical doctors in primary clinics are specialists who require a corresponding support system. The training of new doctors is too fast, as the overall number of doctors in Korea is sufficient. The government should develop the best possible plan to help doctors be doctors and show their devotion to the community.

Information seeking behavior of domestic and foreign academic scientists in medical field:A review / 中华医学图书情报杂志

The studies in medical field both at home and abroad in the past 10 years were reviewed from the as-pects of information seeking behavior of academic scientists ( including information needs, information source selec-tion, information retrieval, information interaction, information use), influencing factors and patterns of informa-tion seeking behavior, and the problems were pointed out, namely the number of studies on information seeking be-havior and patterns was small, and the methods used in studies were simplistic.

Analysis of the National Science Funding for Distinguished Young Scholars in medical field from 2011 to 2015 / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective To provide references to NSF funding policy and planning based on the grant project analysis.Methods Funding grants of NSF Distinguished Young Scholars in medical field during 2011-2015 were collected,and compared with the data of 2001-2010.Indicator data was analyzed including grant distribution in supporting institutes,geography locations and medical subject.Results In recent 5 years,the number of application for the grant is increasing,while the funding number stays the same.The universities governed by Ministry of Education and China Academy of Science are the primary grantee institutions.Beijing,Shanghai,and other developed areas got more grants than other provinces.Most grants were focused on oncology,neurology and psychology,medical imaging and medical engineering,and pathogen biology and infection.Conclusions The funding number of NSF supporting for Distinguished Young Scholars should be incresed with applications increasing.The supporting covers in areas,institutes and medical subjects should be extensively.

Application of visible light communication technology in medical field / 医疗卫生装备

The limitations of the traditional radio frequency wireless communications technology were introduced.Visible light communication technology had its advantages,key technologies,technical standards and application prospect in medical field described in detail,which eliminated the needs for radio carrier and the interferences between the wireless communication instruments and medical electronic devices,and thus was an ideal choice for wireless network communication in medical field.

The Application of Wireless Sensor Networks in Medical Field / 国际生物医学工程杂志

In this article we present the types of wireless sensor network (WSN) and their application in the medical field,including patient monitoring,disability assistance,emergency rescue and biological monitoring.Then we propose the challenges that WSN has to face in medical field concerning the development issue of safety,energy consumption and reliability.Finally,foreground of the WSN technology is prospected.

Evaluating the acceptance of the community on field training of medical students

Background: Training community-oriented general practitioners with the aims to provide the medical knowledge and skills of working in the community for medical students is appropriate with the socioeconomic context in Vietnam. Objectives: To evaluate the acceptance of the community in two districts Kim Bang (Ha Nam province) and Dong Hy (Thai Nguyen province) on field training for medical students. Subjects and method: The cross - sectional study was carried out on 300 households that were chosen randomly from 2 rural districts on April 2006. The heads of households were interviewed by open - ended questionnaires. Another 120 key informants from these two districts were invited to participate in a focus group discussion. Results: 81% of households voluntarily participated in the organization of field training for the medical students. More than 97% households paid attention to the medical students\u2019 information about health care and environmental hygiene. With medical community-based education, the people from communities receives\u2019 improvement in their knowledge of child care and personal hygiene in order to prevent diseases. Conclusion: Being exposed to health problems in communities, medical students can enhance their working and communication skills. People in the communities had a chance to improve their knowledge of disease preventions.

Study on the status and the effect of researching projects in medical field from 1991 to 2000

A meta analysis was conducted on 322 projects of medical research showed that: 62.72% at basic level, 25.16% at ministerial level and 12.11% at national level. Among them 83.54% were the research on applied sciences, 38.20% on descriptive sciences. Data were collected experimentally. 65.53% new technilogies and sciences have been applied and developed, while 28.57% of applied researches and 53.65% of experimental researches. The results have contributed positively in solving the critical problems of disease control and the promotion of public health.

Construction of Information Resource Catalogue System in Medical Field / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To analyze and explore the construction of information resource catalogue system in medical field for information exchange and sharing.Methods Based on analyses of challenges faced and service models of the catalogue system,the functions of the system were determined.Results The functional modules of the catalogue system were designed.Conclusion It is necessary to establish information resource catalogue system for multi-fields,large-scope information exchange & sharing,as well as cooperation between medical facilities and cost decrease of information acquisition.