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Technological innovation and achievement transformation are the key to the organic combination of innovation-driven development strategy and high-quality health development, and play an important role in comprehensively promoting the construction of " healthy China". The author made a comprehensive analysis of the practice of scientific and technological innovation and achievement transformation in health care over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, and summarized the various stages based on the time dimension. On this basis, the author analyzed the opportunities and challenges faced by technological innovation and achievement transformation in health care, and put forward development suggestions.
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With the change of medical technology from "access management" to "filing management" in China, it is necessary for medical institutions, as the main responsibility, to pass standardized ethical review and supervision. However, there are many problems at present, such as the absence of regulations and guidelines for ethical review of clinical application of medical technology, the lack law of medical technology ethical review standard operating procedures, the insufficient review capacity, the lack of standardization in the choice of ethical review methods, the elements of informed consent and its examination need to be discussed, the lack of appropriate continuing review mode, as well as the confirmation of technical team members and department qualifications is not clearly defined. In order to safeguard the safety and rights of patients, it is important to take the following measures, including carrying out the whole-process supervision of medical institutions, clarifying the supervision process, improving the multi-departmental communication and cooperation mechanism, establishing a management committee for clinical application of medical technology, standardizing the review system of the medical technology ethics committee, clarifying submit the list of materials for ethical review, implementing classified ethical review and supervision to improve efficiency, exploring the tracking review mode, ensuring the whole-process supervision, and carrying out popular and professional ethics training. In the review of ethics committee, more attention should be paid to the main points of review, such as technical scheme, informed consent, qualifications of technical team members and departments, management system, risk assessment and emergency plan, patient compensation and other materials. While ensuring the safety and rights of patients, it also helps to accelerate the healthy development of medical technology.
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China has entered the task stage of comprehensive medical insurance payment reform, but there are problems restricting the development of innovative medical technology in the reform of diagnosis-related groups(DRG) payment system. The author introduced the international definition and scope of innovative medical technology, and summarized the preconditions and payment policy of short-term payment of innovative medical technology under the DRG payment system; And put forward suggestions in line with China′s actual situation, including clarifying the definition of innovative medical technology, setting access conditions for additional payment or actual payment, setting up special transition funds for high-value innovative drugs, clarifying the payment amount of innovative medical technology, and formulating payment strategies for innovative medical technology.
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With the deepening of the comprehensive reform process of public hospitals and the further refinement of high-quality development requirements, the reform of compensation system of public hospitals has also begun. Taking a hospital as an example, the authors deeply analyzed the four-dimensional performance appraisal scheme of medical technology departments based on resource-based relative value scale concept, with workload assessment as the foundation, multi-dimensional cost assessment as the emphasis, work efficiency as the spur and work quality as the foundation, and introduced the process of implementing the distribution scheme guided by knowledge value to the secondary distribution of departments. The performance appraisal scheme could scientifically reflect the work value of medical staff in medical and technical departments, strengthen the department′s awareness of cost control, improve the efficiency and quality of the department′s work, significantly motivate the medical and technical staff, and deepen the modern management of hospitals.
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With the advent of the era of big data information and the Internet of things, cloud computing and other new type of continuous development and progress of network technology,the use of digital information had already been penetrated into every field of people’s life and work, mobile medical are derived from the medical field and the Internet technology and the combination of the medical resources,cause a series of new medical reform. Based on the brief introduction of mobile health technology, this paper discuss the advantages, disadvantages, threats and opportunities in the operation process of mobile health technology in our country. this paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures from a humanistic and scientific perspective, such as strengthening the subject responsibility, constructing a scientific supervision system, perfecting the legal mechanism, perfecting the top-level design, strengthening moral education and enhancing humanistic quality.
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Objective:Taking into account of the current situation that domestic laws and regulations of medical technology ethics review are not perfect, we put forward practical suggestions on ethical review supervision of the clinical application of new medical technologies from the perspective of standardization.Methods:Referring to the relevant laws, regulations and specific implementation guidelines of ethical review of clinical research, combined with the practical experience of the ethics committee of the host Hospital, this paper systematically summarizes the concept and characteristics and existing problems of new clinical applied medical technology, optimizes the working steps of technology access and ethical review, and establishes an ethical continuing review model.Results:A series of measurements are proposed, which including formulate the access process, improve the management system, optimize ethical review methods, etc. At the same time, pay more attention to the annual continuing review, adverse event report review, suspension/termination of approved research, closure report review, as well as site visit to improve the initiative and efficiency of ethical review. At last, it ensures the continuing of ethical review.Conclusions:It is very important to regulate new medical technology project entry and ethical review supervision in the practice. On one hand, it can effectively make up for the possible shortcomings of current laws and regulations and promote the introduction of new regulatory requirement. On the other hand, it can effectively reduce the medical technology risks and build good medical quality management, improve the system to better safeguard people′s health rights and interests.
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Free vascularised fibular flap has many advantages in repair of mandibular defects, and it has become the main method in the mandibular reconstruction. However, the traditional free fibular flap used to repair the mandibular defect is lack of individualised design and precise surgical guidance, and it is difficult to achieve accurate repair and the effect of reconstruction. The concept of personalised and accurate functional reconstruction and the clinically application of digital medical technology provides a new approach to solve the problems. The application of digital medical technology in the repair of mandibular defects with fibular flap is one of the hotspots of current research. This article introduces the application characteristics of digital medical technology, such as 3-dimensional reconstruction technology, virtual surgery planning (VSP) technology and 3D printing technology, in the repair of mandibular defects with fibular flap transfer.
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ABSTRACT Dental care is considered to be an example of complex manual interventions in the medical sector. The vision presented describes the organization of dental care based on the application of modern telecommunication technologies. In developed countries, general dental practitioners have a positive attitude toward incorporating teledentistry into their practice. In PubMed there is a tendency to increase the states by telehealth key words and tags, including teledentistry. Those health care tendencies show a steady trend toward the broadening of teledentistry services(AU)
RESUMEN El cuidado dental se considera un ejemplo de intervenciones manuales complejas en la industria médica. La visión presentada describe la organización de la atención dental basada en la aplicación de las modernas tecnologías de telecomunicación. En los países avanzados, los odontólogos generales tienen una actitud positiva ante la idea de introducir la teledentistería en su práctica. En PubMed hay una tendencia a aumentar los estados por las palabras clave y las etiquetas de la telesalud, incluida la teledentistería. Esas tendencias en materia de atención de la salud muestran una tendencia constante a la ampliación de los servicios de teledentistería(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Telecommunications/trends , Dental Care/methods , Telemedicine/trends , Delivery of Health Care/methods , Databases, Bibliographic/trendsABSTRACT
In 2013, the Government of Japan issued “Japan Revitalization Strategy”, in which facilitation of overseas expansion of Japanese drugs, medical equipment, health services, and health system through Public Private Partnership (PPP) is included. In alignment with this strategy, ministries and agencies have initiated on various health project, one of which is “Project for global growth of medical technologies, systems and services through human resource development”funded by the Japan Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare from 2015. As an administrative organization of this project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM) has organized 119 project for 4 years from 2015 to 2018. This report summarizes the experiences and the results of evaluation in terms of program management, expansion of introduced health technologies and the health impact. As the results, the overall project management was satisfactory from the viewpoints of varieties of project, the execution rates. Then, health technologies were adopted in the national guidelines or policies and 17 introduced medical products were purchased by local governments. When it comes to health impacts, 19646 health staffs were trained through this program for 4 years and 912334 persons were estimated as beneficiaries by 29 project in 2017. Based on data shown as above, the overall achievement of this program should be considered satisfactory. Since this program is unique among other PPP program in Japan as well as other countries as the program scheme to promote expansion of medical products through human resource development, the experiences should provide some insights about the ways to facilitate PPP in health sector. In order to extract the Tips of good practices for future activities, further analysis on each project is necessary.
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Background and Objectives@#To learn technical skills in Medical Technology schools, laboratory experiments are made individually or in groups. The nature of student participation and effect of group work in laboratory skills and attitudes of students have not been well studied. The study compared individual work, working in groups of three, and working in groups of six in terms of skills and attitudes toward learning, motivation to learn, responsibility, helpfulness, and teamwork. @*Methodology@#Experimental study was used that employed a counter-balance design among thirty-six thirdyear medical technology students who were instructed to learn laboratory skills in three settings and were rotated in six experiments. Performance examination and questionnaires were formulated by the researcher and used for gathering data. One-way ANOVA was used to determine the significant differences among practical exam scores of the three laboratory settings while Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U test were used to determine differences in rating scores of the attitude questionnaire. @*Results and Conclusions@#There were no significant differences in students' skills F(2, 213)=1.97, (p=.142) and in their attitude toward learning, helpfulness and teamwork among the laboratory settings. Students have higher motivation when working in groups (H(2)=14.413, p=.001) and assumed more responsibility when working alone than when working groups. When students worked individually or in groups of three, they perceived ending up doing most of the work.
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Learning , Attitude , TechnologyABSTRACT
At first, we reviewed interprofessional education in our country and introduced the conventional efforts being made by the Japan Society for Medical Education (JSME). Next, we listed academic societies of other medical and welfare occupations on medical and welfare engaged in education and explored collaboration with JSME. I introduced my own experience with Japanese Association of Medical Technology Education and discussed the possibility of developing cooperation among academic societies from my personal connections. As a concept after ten years, we thought about measures to allow members from each organization to participate in the academic meetings of JSME and other societies at low cost. In addition, we set up "the Interprofessional Education Committee on Medical and Welfare" at JSME and mentioned the collaboration with the Japan Association for Interprofessional Education and the necessity to build a foundation for interprofessional education.
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The use of computed tomography (CT) in emergency departments has increased over several decades, as physicians increasingly depend on imaging for diagnoses. Patients and medical personnel are put at risk due to frequent exposure to and higher levels of radiation, with very little evidence of improvements in outcomes. Here, we explore why CT imaging has a tendency to be overused in emergency departments and the obstacles that medical personnel face in ensuring patient safety. The solution requires cooperation from all emergency care stakeholders as well as the continuous education of doctors on how CT scans help in particular cases.
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Humans , Diagnosis , Education , Emergencies , Emergency Medical Services , Emergency Medicine , Emergency Service, Hospital , Patient Safety , Private Practice , Radiation, Ionizing , Risk Assessment , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Contexto: se reseña los cambios ocurridos en la formación de las carreras aliadas a la salud, desde la Tecnología Médica hasta las Ciencias de la Discapacidad. Discusión: como una alternativa para diversificar la formación de los bachilleres que se matriculaban en la UCE, buscando la forma de responder a los devastadores efectos de una epidemia de poliomielitis y contando con el apoyo y asesoría de las OMS y OPS, en el año 1966 se organizó el primer curso de Rehabilitadores Físicos. El 31 de marzo del 2015, el Honorable Consejo Universitario (HCU) de la Universidad Central del Ecuador aprueba la creación de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Discapacidad, Atención Prehospitalaria y Desastres, de la que inicialmente pasarán a formar parte las Carreras de Terapia Física, Terapia del Lenguaje, Terapia Ocupacional y Atención Prehospitalaria y en Emergencias, dejando a las Carreras de Laboratorio Clínico e Histotecnológico y Radiología como parte de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Conclusión: en la actualidad se tiene en las cuatro Carreras con 1.365 estudiantes, 43 docentes y 17 empleados y trabajadores que laboran en jornadas de 12 horas en un espacio físico cedido temporalmente por la FCM de la Universidad Central Ecuador. (AU)
Context: this article describes the changes that have occurred in the formation of allied careers in health, from Medical Technology to Disability Sciences. Discussion: as an alternative to diversify the training of high school graduates enrolled in the UCE, looking for ways to respond to the devastating effects of a polio epidemic and with the support and advice of WHO and PAHO, in 1966 , the first course of Physical Rehabilitators was organized. On March 31, 2015, the HCU of the UCE approves the creation of the Faculty of Disability Sciences, Prehospital Care and Disasters, which will initially become part of the Careers of Physical Therapy, Language Therapy, Occupational Therapy and Prehospital and Emergency Care, leaving the Clinical and Histotechnological Laboratory and Radiology Careers as part of the FCM. Conclusion: currently there are 1,365 students in the four careers, 43 teachers and 17 employees and workers, who work in 12-hour days in a physical space temporarily transferred by the FCM. (AU)
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Humans , Male , Female , Health , Prehospital Care , Disability Studies , Technology , Health EducationABSTRACT
O acesso fácil à informação possibilita a oportunidade de promover escolhas alimentares saudáveis. Este estudo apresenta o Guia Alimentar Digital (GAD), aplicativo para smartphones, e avalia sua capacidade de promover escolhas alimentares saudáveis. Usuários registram sua ingestão alimentar e recebem dados dos grupos alimentares e Índice de Qualidade da Dieta, pontuação associada ao GAD. Este estudo analisou a ingestão alimentar e peso corporal relatados de 442 usuários de ambos os sexos, entre 19 e 50 anos. Após usar o aplicativo, aproximadamente um terço dos participantes melhoraram seu padrão alimentar e 60% perderam peso (p < 0,01). A percentagem de indivíduos que consumiram dieta de qualidade ruim diminuiu 8,5%, aqueles que obtiveram qualidade intermediária aumentaram 6,8% e os de alta qualidade aumentaram 1,6% (p = 0,01). Tecnologias da informação podem ser recursos adicionais, apoiando a educação nutricional e ajudando as pessoas a comerem conscientemente com resultados positivos para a saúde.(AU)
Easy access to information provides an opportunity to promote healthy food choices. This study presents the Digital Food Guide (DFG), an application for smartphones, and assesses its ability to promote healthy food choices. Users record their food intake and receive data regarding food groups and Diet Quality Index, a score associated with the DFG. This study analyzed the reported food intake and body weight of 442 users of both genders aged 19 to 50 years. After using the app, approximately one-third of the participants improved their dietary pattern and 60% lost weight (p < 0.01). The percentage of individuals consuming a poor-quality diet decreased by 8.5%, individuals consuming an intermediate-quality diet increased by 6.8% and individuals consuming a high-quality diet increased by 1.6% (p = 0.01). Information technologies may be additional resources by supporting nutritional education, thus helping individuals to eat consciously with positive health outcomes.
Acceso fácil a la información posibilita oportunidad de promover escojas alimentares saludables. Este estudio presenta la Guía de Alimentación Digital (GAD), la aplicación para smartphones, y su capacidad de promover escojas alimentares saludables. Usuarios registran su información y reciben datos de los grupos alimentarios y del Índice de Calidad de la Dieta, pontuación asociada a GAD. Este estudio compara un ingestión alimentaria y un peso corporal relatados de 442 usuarios de ambos sexos, entre 19 y 50 años. Después de usar el programa, aproximadamente un tercio de los dos mejoró su patrón alimentario y 60% pierderon peso (p < 0,01). Un porcentaje de consumo que consumió la dieta de calidad disminuyó un 8,5%, lo que aumentó el 6,8% y aumentó 1,6% (p = 0,01). Tecnologías de la información pueden ser recursos adicionales, apoyo a la educación nutricional y ayudar a las personas a comer conscientemente con resultados positivos de salud.
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Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Information Technology , Feeding Behavior , Diet, Healthy , Brazil , Food and Nutrition Education , Disease Prevention , Mobile Applications/statistics & numerical data , Health Promotion/methodsABSTRACT
The combination of mobile medical technology and the grading diagnosis and treatment system (GDTS) can stimulate the allocation of medical resources, reduce medical cost and improve public health significantly. Firstly we summarize development features of mobile medical technology in foreign and domestic market, then we study the application model of mobile medical application in GDTS with field research data and analyzes its advantage and shortage. Finally, we propose four measures for further developing mobile medical application in the GDTS:the government departments should formulate policies and industry standards of products as soon as possible to meet requirement of market; service providers should take the hospitals as core role to achieve mutual benefit and win-win situation; take the daily monitoring of chronic diseases as an entry point to build profitable business model; enhance publicity to promote public health awareness.
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Diagnosis , Mobile Applications , Public Health , TechnologyABSTRACT
<p><b>Background</b>The development and application of medical technologies reflect the medical quality and clinical capacity of a hospital. It is also an effective approach in upgrading medical service and core competitiveness among medical institutions. This study aimed to build a quantitative medical technology evaluation system through questionnaire survey within medical institutions to perform an assessment to medical technologies more objectively and accurately, and promote the management of medical quality technologies and ensure the medical safety of various operations among the hospitals.</p><p><b>Methods</b>A two-leveled quantitative medical technology evaluation system was built through a two-round questionnaire survey of chosen experts. The Delphi method was applied in identifying the structure of evaluation system and indicators. The judgment of the experts on the indicators was adopted in building the matrix so that the weight coefficient and maximum eigenvalue (λ max), consistency index (CI), and random consistency ratio (CR) could be obtained and collected. The results were verified through consistency tests, and the index weight coefficient of each indicator was conducted and calculated through analytical hierarchy process.</p><p><b>Results</b>Twenty-six experts of different medical fields were involved in the questionnaire survey, 25 of whom successfully responded to the two-round research. Altogether, 4 primary indicators (safety, effectiveness, innovativeness, and benefits), as well as 13 secondary indicators, were included in the evaluation system. The matrix is built to conduct the λ max, CI, and CR of each expert in the survey, and the index weight coefficients of primary indicators were 0.33, 0.28, 0.27, and 0.12, respectively, and the index weight coefficients of secondary indicators were conducted and calculated accordingly.</p><p><b>Conclusions</b>As the two-round questionnaire survey of experts and statistical analysis were performed and credibility of the results was verified through consistency evaluation test, the study established a quantitative medical technology evaluation system model and assessment indicators within medical institutions based on the Delphi method and analytical hierarchy process. Moreover, further verifications, adjustments, and optimizations of the system and indicators will be performed in follow-up studies.</p>
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Biomedical Technology , Methods , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
This study was conducted to explore a proper training model of interns' clinical thinking ability under the construction of a new four-year system of medical laboratory technology courses, combined with the establishment of innovative standard whole process practice mode. Multi-teaching methods of clinical thinking, such as explanation of laboratory sheet, interactive teaching based on micro digital system, interdisciplinary multiple information system, combined PBL teaching and intern report, were applied and evaluated in the laboratory. Integrated application of these methods remarkably improved the intern's com-prehensive professional quality and their practice performance. All methods received high evaluation from both the interns and teachers.
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Objective To explore the role of the medical engineering department in integration of the health care,nursing and medical technology departments.Methods The medical engineering department and integration of health care,nursing and medical technology departments were introduced from the aspects of concept,role,characteristic,working mode and etc.Results The medical engineering department contributed to enhancing medical service,medical safety and patient satisfaction,while the role needed strengthening.Conclusion Some measures are put forward to the medical engineering department during integration of health care,nursing and medical technology departments from the aspects of department positioning,examination and assessment,management mode and etc.
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Since the Beijing health and family planning commission promulgated the new medical technology management system,we have accepted and reviewed 14 key medical technologies in Beijing,such as resection of the skull base tumor (intracranial tumor outside communication),resection of intracranial important functional areas and large vascular malformation,renal vascular reconstruction technique,the technique of artificial joint replacement,coronary interventional diagnosis and treatment technology,etc.Through the existing laws and regulations requirements from medical new technology,the ethical review way,submit materials requirements and ethical review focus is analyzed,and combining with the experiences of our hospital in the medical technical review,aims to explore suitable for medical technology ethical review specification.
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This paper analyzed the three basic principles of medical professionalism established in the Medical Professionalism in the New Millennium:Physician Declaration and influencing factors of a series of clear professional responsibilities from the medical technology , medical ethics , medical professional responsibility and medical equity four levels .The study found that the proportions of doctors and patients ' identification with the elements of medical professionalism were relatively high , of which the proportion of doctors was higher than patients .It indicated that the basic principles and professional responsibility advocated by medical professionalism had been recognized and accepted by medical staff and the public .