Study of prefrontal cortex activation characteristics of patients with psychiatric disorders in verbal fluency task using functional near-infrared spectroscopy / 四川精神卫生

BackgroundFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy （fNIRS） is a new generation of imaging tool that can be used to assist the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders. However， whether the patterns of prefrontal cortex activation observed by fNIRS are specific for different psychiatric disorders remains to be explored. ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of prefrontal cortex activation in patients with depression， anxiety disorder， bipolar disorder and schizophrenia in verbal fluency task （VFT） using fNIRS. MethodsFrom September to December 2021， 39 patients with schizophrenia， 205 patients with depressive disorder， 212 patients with anxiety disorder and 77 patients with bipolar disorder meeting the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） were recruited in the outpatient and inpatient department of West China Hospital， Sichuan University. fNIRS was used to monitor the prefrontal cortex hemodynamic changes of patients under VFT， and the clinical symptoms of patients were assessed by Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90） and Hypomania Checklist-32 items（HCL-32）. Differences in mean oxyhemoglobin （HbO2） concentration and the initial slope from 2 to 7 second during VFT were compared among patients with different diseases， and the correlation between mean HbO2 concentration/initial slope and clinical symptoms was analyzed by partial correlation analysis. ResultsThe concentration of HbO2 in channel 4 （Z=2.828， P=0.028） and channel 6 （Z=2.912， P=0.022） in patients with depression were significantly higher than those in patients with schizophrenia. Patients with anxiety had significantly higher changes in mean HbO2 concentration in channel 4 （Z=3.154， P=0.010）， channel 5 （Z=3.021， P=0.015）， channel 6 （Z=2.980， P=0.017） and of all channels （Z=2.881， P=0.024） than those of schizophrenia patients. There was a statistically significant difference in the initial slope of channel 3 between patients with depressive disorder and those with bipolar disorder （Z=2.691， P=0.039）. Among patients with bipolar disorder， the anger-hostility scores of SCL-90 were negatively correlated with the mean HbO2 concentration changes in channel 4 （r=-0.505， P=0.004）， channel 6 （r=-0.390， P=0.004）， channel 15 （r=-0.546， P=0.002）， channel 16 （r=-0.550， P=0.002） and the mean HbO2 concentration changes of all channels （r=-0.491， P=0.006）. ConclusionPatients with schizophrenia had lower activation in frontopolar and orbitofrontal region than patients with depression and anxiety disorder， and the initial slope of the right frontopolar， inferior frontal and orbitofrontal region in patients with depression is higher than patients with bipolar disorder. In addition， patients with bipolar disorder had less activation in the frontopolar and orbitofrontal lobe， the insular cover of Broca's area and the upper outer frontal cortex， and were more irritable and hostile. ［Funded by 1·3·5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence-Clinical Research Incubation Project， West China Hospital， Sichuan University （number， ZYJC21083）］

Cuidado de enfermería del paciente con trastorno mental en atención domiciliaria: revisión narrativa / Nursing care of the patient with mental disorder in home care: narrative review

INTRODUCCIÓN: El manejo integral del paciente con trastorno mental desde enfermería, incluye abordajes que son llevados a cabo en la atención domiciliaria permitiendo así desarrollar actividades de valoración, seguimiento y atención al paciente y su familia. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó una búsqueda estratégica en Medline, Epistemonikos, Base JBI, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, utilizando los términos "mental disease", "mental illness", "homecare", "nursing". La extracción y análisis de los datos se dio acorde a los planteamientos del JBI, RESULTADOS: Se identificaron 25 artículos que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión y se clasificaron en 4 temas: 1. La experiencia del cuidado en el domicilio del paciente con trastorno mental. 2. Adherencia a la medicación de pacientes con trastorno mental que reciben tratamiento en casa. 3. El adulto mayor con trastorno mental y 4. Estrategias tecnológicas para dar atención domiciliaria al paciente con trastorno mental. CONCLUSIONES: Para abordar integralmente el cuidado del paciente con trastorno mental en el domicilio se deben incluir intervenciones de cuidado soportadas en la evidencia que incluyan la instrucción al cuidador familiar, por lo que es central el rol de enfermería teniendo en cuenta la creciente demanda de intervenciones domiciliarias en psiquiatría basadas en la evidencia, teniendo en cuenta el impacto de la trastorno mental, así como con los desafíos sociales y económicos que conlleva el padecer una trastorno mental para el paciente y su familia.

INTRODUCTION: The comprehensive management of the patient with mental disorder from nursing, includes approaches that are carried out in home care, thus allowing the development of assessment, monitoring and care activities for the patient and his family. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A strategic search was carried out in Medline, Epistemonikos, JBI Database, Virtual Health Library, using the terms "mental disease", "mental illness", "homecare", "nursing". The extraction and analysis of the data occurred according to the approaches of the JBI. RESULTS: 25 articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria and were classified into 4 themes: 1. The experience of care at home for patients with mental disorder. 2. Medication adherence of patients with mental disorder receiving treatment at home. 3. The elderly with mental disorder and 4. Technological strategies to provide home care to patients with mental disorder. CONCLUSIONS: In order to comprehensively address the care of patients with mental disorder at home, care interventions supported by evidence should be included, including instruction for the family caregiver, so the role of nursing is central, taking into account the growing demand for interventions evidence-based psychiatry home care, taking into account the impact of mental disease, as well as the social and economic challenges that mental disease entails for the patient and their family.

Progress on the application of positron emission tomography imaging of cannabinoid type 1 receptor in neuropsychiatric diseases / 浙江大学学报·医学版

Cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R), as the major member of the endocannabinoid system, is among the most abundant receptors expressed in the central nervous system. CB1R is mainly located on the axon terminals of presynaptic neurons and participate in the modulation of neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity, playing an important role in the pathogenesis of various neuropsychiatric diseases. In recent years, the consistent development of CB1R radioligands and the maturity of molecular imaging techniques, particularly positron emission tomography (PET) may help to visualize the expression and distribution of CB1R in central nervous system . At present, CB1R PET imaging can effectively evaluate the changes of CB1R levels in neuropsychiatric diseases such as Huntington's disease and schizophrenia, and its correlation with the disease severity, therefore providing new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases. This article reviews the application of CB1R PET imaging in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, cannabis use disorder and depression.

Prevalence of mental disorders among elderly men: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Elderly men have been characterized as a group vulnerable to suicide, motivated by loneliness, loss of loved ones and feelings of uselessness to family members. OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the prevalence of different mental disorders among elderly men who attempted suicide. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review of observational studies developed as a result of a partnership between two postgraduate schools (Lagarto and Uberlândia). METHODS: An electronic search was performed in eight electronic databases, including "grey literature", in January 2019. Observational studies that assessed mental disorders among men older than 60 years who attempted suicide were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS: Among the disorders evaluated, mood disorders had the highest prevalence (42.0%; 95% confidence interval, CI: 31.0-74.0%; I2: 0.0%; P = 0.763), followed by substance use-related disorders (41.0%; 95% CI: 8.0-74.0%; I2: 96.4; P < 0.001) and, lastly, schizophrenic disorders (5.0%; 95% CI: 0.0%-14.0%; I2: 80.3%; P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: It seems that mood disorders and substance use-related disorders are quite prevalent among elderly men with mental disorders who attempted suicide. It is important to consider the role of healthcare services in making early diagnoses of mental disorders among elderly men, in order to diminish the chances of suicide attempts among them. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: CRD42018105981.

Research Progress on the Relationship between Folate Deficiency and Commonmentaldisorders / 中国药学杂志

Folate is a water-soluble vitamin. Deficiency of folate may not only lead to abnormal neural tube development in the embryo, but also affect brain function. This paper reviews the association of folate deficiency with depression, anxiety, obsessional disorder, schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders, as well as the effect of folate supplementation on adjuvant therapy for psychiatric disorders.

O ato classificatório e modelos de nomeação de "transtornos mentais": uma abordagem socioantropológica / The Classification Act and Mental Disorders Labeling Models: A Socio-anthropological Approach

Este artigo baseia-se em pesquisa doutoral realizada (Silva, 2017) e objetiva discutir o ato classificatório dos ditos transtornos mentais, a partir da abordagem de teóricos situados na perspectiva social-estruturalista, na Antropologia e na Sociologia da Saúde, no sentido de compreender como são utilizados os manuais nosológicos atuais como formas de configuração clínica das doenças psíquicas. A problemática compõe as seguintes questões norteadoras: Como explicar o ato de classificar? De onde vem essa prática humana? É comum a todas as culturas? Faz parte de uma lógica apriorística da mente humana ou é uma habilidade baseada na realidade empírica e social? O que revela dos mecanismos de distinção e de distribuição de poder num grupo? Para responder a essas questões foi realizada uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, com uso de pesquisa documental, observação sistemática e entrevistas abertas com escuta de narrativas de docentes de ensino básico no Estado do Amapá, com experiências de sofrimento e adoecimento psíquico, atendidos em uma unidade de atendimento psicossocial, lócus da pesquisa. Assim, foram consultados 822 prontuários, entrevistados 40 docentes, 10 técnicos da equipe multidisciplinar e 10 gestores escolares. Com base em discussões teóricas e em dados construídos, entendemos que a tendência classificatória, em saúde mental, pode ser útil como instrumental técnico-cientifico para facilitar o processo de tratamento, porém se realizado com muito cuidado e parcimônia, caso contrário, poderá fornecer bases para a estigmatização social de pessoas

This article is based on a doctoral research (Silva, 2017) and aims to discuss the classificatory act of the so-called mental disorders, from the approach of theorists situated in the social-structuralist perspective, Anthropology and Health Sociology, in the sense of understanding how the current nosological manuals are used as forms of clinical configuration of psychic diseases. The problem composes the following guiding questions: How to explain the act of classifying? Where does this human practice come from? Is it common to all cultures? Is it part of an a priori logic of the human mind or is it a skill based on empirical and social reality? What does it reveal about the mechanisms of distinction and distribution of power in a group? In order to answer these questions, a qualitative research was carried out using documentary research, systematic observation and narratives of teachers of basic education in the State of Amapá, who have experienced suffering and psychic illness, and who attended in a unit of psychosocial care, locus of our research. Thus, 822 medical charts were consulted, 40 teachers were interviewed, 10 multidisciplinary team technicians and 10 school managers were interviewed. Based on theoretical discussions and constructed data, we understand that the classification tendency in mental health may be useful as a technical-scientific instrument to facilitate the treatment process, since it is performed with great care and parsimony, otherwise it may provide bases for the social stigmatization of people

Exploration of Service Objects Extension of Psychiatric Hospitals in Internet Era / 中国医院管理

The method of using internet to take advantages of tertiary psychiatric hospitals is explored.Tertiary psychiatric hospitals expand the service objects,improve the accessibility of mental health services,and realize the mental health care services extension and high-quality medical resources sinking by signing the technical guide agreement with primary health care institutions and internet plus,to explore a new type integrated management mode of mental diseases prevention,treatment and rehabilitation based on the psychiatric specialized hospitals.

O debate legislativo carioca sobre a "mudança da homossexualidade": ciência, política e religião / The debate in the "carioca" legislature about "changing homosexuality": science, politics and religion / El debate legislativo "carioca" sobre el "cambio de la homosexualidad": ciencia, política y religión

Resumo O artigo analisa o debate na mídia impressa em torno do projeto de lei 717/03, apresentado na Assembleia Legislativa do Rio de Janeiro em agosto de 2003, que previa o uso de verbas públicas para a "mudança da homossexualidade". Foram utilizadas como fontes de pesquisa notícias sobre este projeto publicadas em jornais e revistas de grande circulação estadual e nacional, considerando-se os autores, os atores sociais e as categorias citadas nos diferentes tipos de matéria, bem como os argumentos contrários e favoráveis à proposta legislativa. Verificamos assim o modo como argumentos relativos aos campos científico, religioso e político ressignificaram as relações entre natureza/cultura e normal/patológico, operando de modo especifico, e por vezes contraditório, com valores caros às sociedades modernas contemporâneas, como igualdade entre os homens e livre arbítrio individual.

Abstract The article analyzes the debate in printed media about the 717/03 law proposal which was presented at the Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro in August 2003. This bill provided for the use of public funds for the "change of homosexuality." News about this project published in newspapers and magazines of statewide and nationwide coverage were used in the research considering the authors, social actors and categories that appeared in the different types of material, as well as the opposing and favorable arguments about the Legislative proposal. We have thus verified how arguments related to the scientific, religious and political fields have reconfigured the relations between nature/culture and normal/pathological, operating in a specific and sometimes contradictory way, with dear values to contemporary modern societies, as equality among men and individual will.

Resumen El artículo analiza el debate en los medios impresos en torno al proyecto de ley 717/03, presentado en la Asamblea Legislativa de Río de Janeiro en agosto de 2003, que preveía el uso de fondos públicos para el "cambio de la homosexualidad". Se utilizaron como fuentes de investigación noticias sobre este proyecto, publicadas en periódicos y revistas de gran circulación estatal y nacional, considerando los autores, los actores sociales y categorías citadas en los diferentes tipos de noticia, así como los argumentos contrarios y favorables sobre la propuesta legislativa. De esta forma verificamos el modo como argumentos relativos a los campos científico, religioso y político resignificaron las relaciones entre naturaleza / cultura y normal / patológico, operando de modo específico, y a veces contradictorio, con valores importantes a las sociedades modernas contemporáneas, como la igualdad entre los hombres y el libre albedrío.

A Study on the Spatial Accessibility to the Psychiatry Department in General Hospital and Its Relationship with the Visit of Mental Patients / 보건행정학회지

BACKGROUND: This study was purposed to analyze the effect of spatial accessibility to the psychiatry department in general hospital on the outpatient visit of mental patients. METHODS: Data was provided from the Statistics Korea and Statistical Geographic Information Service, National Health Insurance Service, Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, and Korea Transport Institute in 2015. The study regions were 103 administrative regions such as Si and Gu. The 103 regions had at least one general hospitals with a psychiatry department. The number of outpatient visit of mental patients in regions was used as the dependent variable. Spatial accessibility to mental general hospital was used as the independent variable. Control variables included such as demographic, economic, and health·medical factors. This study used network analysis and multi-variate regression analysis. Network analysis by ArcGIS ver. 10.0 (ESRI, Redlands, CA, USA) was used to evaluate the average travel time and travel distance in Korea. Multi-variate regression analysis was conducted by SAS ver. 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). RESULTS: Travel distance and time had significant effects on the number of outpatient visits in mental patients in general hospital. Average travel time and travel distance had negative effects on the number of visits. Variables such as (number of total population, percentage of aged population over 65, and number of mental general hospital) had significant effects on the number of visit in mental patients. CONCLUSION: Health policy makers will need to consider the spatial accessibility to the mental healthcare organization in conducting regional health planning.

Clinical application of modified electroconvulsive therapy in psychiatric inpatients / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To investigate the clinical application of modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT),and provide the references for more standardized and rational use of MECT.Methods A retrospective study was performed by stratified random sampling method.The clinical data of 1 330 psychiatric inpatients from January 2006 to December 2015 in Henan Psychiatric Hospital were analyzed retrospectively,and the clinical application of MECT was investigated,including the proportion of psychiatric inpatients receiving MECT,the situation of combined use of MECT and antipsychotic drugs,and the routine examination results before and after MECT.Results The proportion of receiving MECT in schizophrenic patients was the highest,it is 11.36％ (81/713),the second was depressive episode (5.61％,12/214),followed by dissociative conversion disorder (5.56％,2/36),bipolar disorder (5.34％,7/131),organic mental disorder (3.23 ％,1/31) and other mental disorders (2.93％,6/205).There were significant differences in the distribution of various mental disorders between the non electroshock group and the electroshock group (x2 =21.728,P ＜ 0.05).The proportion of the patients without electric shock and the patients with single drug,two drugs,triple therapy or quadruple therapy was 0.92％,17.43 ％,56.88％,21.10％ and 3.67％,respectively.The proportion of the patients with two or more antipsychotic drugs was 81.65％ in the electroshock group.The antipsychotics were olanzapine (28.44％),clozapine (27.52％),quetiapine (26.61％) and risperidone (24.77 ％) according to the drugs used frequently in the electroshock group.The results of routine blood test were compared among the time points of before treatment,the 1st,2nd,3 rd week of MECT and 1 week after MECT in the shock group,which showed that there was significant difference in white blood cell count (F =2.570,P ＜ 0.05);but there was no significant difference in the levels of platelet,hemoglobin and red blood cell (P ＞ 0.05);the level of white blood cell returned to normal within two weeks in 93.33％ patients with increased white blood count.The myocardial enzymes and liver function tests were not perfect during the treatment of MECT and after treatment.There was no long-term systematic evaluation of cognitive function and quality of life in patients with electroconvulsive shock.Conclusions The probability of using MECT in the patients with schizophrenia is more than that in the patients with depression.MECT is used in combination with two or more antipsychotic drugs.MECT may cause a short increase in white blood cells,but the white blood cell level in most patients can recover to normal levels after symptomatic treatment.The clinical data for treatment and prognosis in patients with MECT are inadequate,so it is necessary to improve the medical record.

Discuss the TCM Noematic Way of Double Heart Disease From the View of Wu Zang Yi Ti / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] To discuss treatment according to syndrome differention of TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) on double heart disease from the view of Wu Zang Yi Ti.[Method] Based on the theory of Wu Zang Yi Ti from Huangdi Nei Jing and many ancient doctors,discuss the relation between heart and sense,heart and the other four viscera,and treat double heart disease from the etiology and pathogenesis of liver,spleen,kidney,lung and the contact of emotion and five viscera.[Result] The heart is closely related with emotional changes and plays a key role in emotion and viscer.Emotional disorders can promote the progress of double heart disease.So we must base on the characteristics of clinical syndromes when we treat the double heart disease and determine treatment from liver,spleen,kidney and lung.[Conclusion] Discriminating and treating double heart disease from the view of Wu Zang Yi Ti can help us grasp the etiology and pathogenesis of double heart disease better and hold the essence of the disease,so we can achieve the goal of curing for disease roots,and treating both root causes and symptoms.It is helpful to improve the clinical curative effect and improve the quality of life of patients with double heart disease.

Pseudoloucura e loucura moral: um caso histórico sobre simulação / False madness and moral insanity: a historical case of simulation / La pseudo-locura e la locura moral: um caso histórico de simulación

A simulação da doença mental pode ocorrer quando alguém tenta evitar uma condenação judicial. Há mais de um século, tal problema já existia no âmbito do sistema judicial. O correto diagnóstico sobre a ocorrência de uma doença mental em um acusado ou, de outro modo, a identificação de que o mesmo está simulando sempre se revelou um empreendimento difícil. Este artigo analisa um caso emblemático envolvendo a dificuldade de diagnóstico em um casal que vivia na cidade no sul do Brasil no início do século passado. A pesquisa foi realizada em periódicos e processos-crime relativos a esse período. Os autores inferem que aspectos inconclusivos dessa discussão no contexto forense são muito similares a outros tantos ocorridos na atualidade

Simulation of mental disease can occur when people attempt to escape criminal conviction. More than one century ago, this problem already existed in the court system. It has always been difficult to correctly diagnose whether the accused suffered from a real disease or if simulated the disorder. This article analyzes an emblematic case characterized by a difficulty to diagnose a couple involved in a murder in a city in the south of Brazil in the beginning of the last century. The research was conducted in periodicals and judicial processes from that period. The authors conclude that the inconclusive discussions regarding this subject, in a forensic context, are very similar to some current cases

La simulación de enfermedad mental puede ocurrir cuando alguien trata de evitar una condena judicial. Durante más de un siglo, este problema existía en el sistema judicial. El diagnóstico correcto en un acusado en la aparición de una enfermedad mental real, o por el contrario, la identificación de la simulación siempre ha sido difícil. En este artículo se examina un caso histórico que implica la dificultad del diagnóstico en una pareja que vivía en sur de Basil, al comiezo del siglo pasado. La investigación se llevó a cabo en periódicos y procesos de principios de siglo XX. Los autores concluyen que muchos aspectos de este debate inconcluso son muy similares a las situaciones que existen en la actualidad

Traditional Chinese Medicine Study and Relevant Development on Mild Cognitive Impairment / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered as an intermediate clinical state between normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The cognitive function and life ability of patients are normal, which have not met the criteria of AD. MCI is considered to be an earlier stage of AD. The clinical effects of AD in the middle or late stage are unsatisfactory. Therefore, studies on MCI have become the hot research areas both at home and abroad. The therapy of MCI is similar to AD. The treatment effect is uncertain. Hence, the understanding and treatment of MCI by TCM reflected TCM features. This article reviewed on TCM understanding of MCI, TCM syndrome differentiation criteria and TCM treatment methods of MCJ. Thus, it was aimed to further understand the dynamic of MCI in order to provide references for improving TCM clinical effects and reducing the incidence of AD.

Mental/ psychological disorders in children and their therapy as per Ayurveda.

Mental disease has been recognized throughout history in every civilization of the world though its significance is understood and its treatment has evolved in significantly different directions. Psychological and mental disorders involve physiological and/or genetic components in children but the etiology of some psychological disorders in children is unknown. Mental retardation, learning disorders, communication skills disorders and pervasive developmental disorders (such as autistic disorder) etc. comes under these category. The treatment of psychological and mental disorders requires special attention. Ayurveda involve various treatment component as part of kaumarabhria for such conditions like; herbs, yoga, panchkarma and use of various traditional formulation like; Medhya Rasayanas. Ayurveda enhances mental ability, learning disorders, behavioral therapy through natural techniques etc. This article shares some traditional approaches of treating mental disorders in children.

Feasibility and measures to carry out reading therapy in provincial mental disease hospital libraries / 中华医学图书情报杂志

The mental health situation in Chinese populations was analyzed, followed by an elaboration on the feasibility, methods and measures to carry out free-reading therapy in provincial mental disease hospital libraries.

Papers published by 17 municipal mental health institutions in Shandong Province from 2008 to 2012:A bibliometric analysis / 中华医学图书情报杂志

The papers published by 17 municipal mental health institutions in Shandong Province from 2008 to 2012 , author cooperation and publication journals were analyzed, which indicated that although the number of papers published by mental health institutions in Shandong Province creased with their academic levels improved, the number of papers published by mental health institutions was significantly different , the number of researches with innova-tion was rather small, and the core author groups have not formed.

O profissional de saúde mental na reforma psiquiátrica / The mental health professional in the psychiatric reform

O objetivo desse artigo é examinar criticamente produções da literatura científica sobre a Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira, publicadas entre 2003 e 2011, abordando estudos que focalizaram o trabalhador de saúde mental. A pesquisa organizou-se por meio de leitura sistemática e análise dos artigos, em termos de seus objetivos, metodologia, resultados e conclusão. Foram encontrados 14 artigos, que se revelaram convergentes quanto aos resultados obtidos na medida em que concluem que os trabalhadores manifestam-se favorável e engajadamente em relação ao processo da reforma, ao mesmo tempo em que apontam problemas e desafios no cotidiano - sem superar, como seria esperado, visões conservadoras e reducionistas da doença mental. Por outro lado, considerada em seu conjunto, esta produção indica que o interesse pelo trabalhador não inclui valorização de sua experiência emocional, dimensão certamente mobilizada pela questão da loucura. Esta lacuna deve ser preenchida por pesquisas que incluam atenção aos aspectos emocionais e se traduzam em intervenções que auxiliem os trabalhadores a lidar bem com suas tarefas do cotidiano...

The aim of this article is to systematically and critically review scientific literature productions, published between 2003 and 2011, regarding the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, including articles which focus on mental health professionals. This research was performed by means of systematically reading and analyzing the articles, considering their aims, methodology, results and conclusions. Fourteen articles were found. The results obtained in these studies converged, as they concluded that the workers were shown to be favorable and engaging in relation to the reform process. They also indicated problems and challenges in the quotidian, without overcoming, as expected, the conservative and reductionist views of mental disease. There is a gap that must be filled by further studies which include attention to emotional aspects that can be translated into interventions that help workers cope with their daily tasks...

Discussion of quantitative criteria of grading nursing in psychiatric department / 中国实用护理杂志

ObjectiveTo discuss the quantitative criteria of grading nursing of three common psychiatric diseases in psychiatric department. MethodsUsing SI、N-BPRS,BRMS and HAMD scales to evaluate180 patients with schizophrenia,mania and depression upon admission and after admission.The quantitative evaluation of grading nursing of these three diseases was compared. ResultsFor the three common mental diseases N- BPRS scale scores were as follows.Superfine nursing:schizophrenia (80.66+11.22)points; mania (80.05± 15.44)points; depression (76.88±9.82)points.Primary care:schizophrenia (67.47± 10.18)points; mania ( 62.91 ± 10.19 )points; depression ( 56.63±9.52 )points; Secondary nursing:schizophrenia ( 44.04 ±8.67 )points;mania( 39.57±9.47 )points ;depression( 37.73±7.75 )points.The three- level nursing:schizophrenia( 27.97±2.19 )points;mania(27.89±2.28)points;depression(27.45±1.31 )points. ConclusionsUsing evaluating scores of NBPRS scale to determine the quantitative criteria of grading nursing of three common psychiatric diseases is a feasible choice,after training,nurses of high qualification can grasp skillfully the operation process.

Um retrato da área de Neurociência e comportamento no Brasil / A report on the area of Neuroscience and behavior in Brazil

A neurociência compreende o estudo do controle neural das funções vegetativas, sensoriais e motoras; dos comportamentos de locomoção, reprodução e alimentação; e dos mecanismos da atenção, memória, aprendizagem, emoção, linguagem e comunicação. Tem, portanto, uma importante área de interface com a Psicologia. Dentre seus objetivos, a neurociência busca esclarecer os mecanismos das doenças neurológicas e mentais por meio do estudo do sistema nervoso normal e patológico. Sua evolução no Brasil tem ocorrido desde meados do século passado, e seu desenvolvimento foi incentivado pela criação de sociedades científicas específicas. O presente artigo relata esse desenvolvimento e descreve os principais grupos atuantes na neurociência brasileira.

Neuroscience comprises the study of the neural control of vegetative, sensory and motor functions; of the locomotion, reproduction and feeding behaviors; and of the mechanisms of attention, memory, learning, emotion, language and communication. It has, therefore, an important area of interface with Psychology. Among its goals, neuroscience seeks to explain the mechanisms of neurologic and mental diseases through the study of the normal and pathologic nervous system. Its evolution in Brazil has occurred since the middle of the past century, and its development was encouraged by the creation of specific scientific societies. The present article describes this development and the main active groups in Brazilian neuroscience.

Validation Study of the Mental Health Recovery Measure / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to verify the reliability and validity of the Mental Health Recovery Measure (MHRM), which was designed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the recovery process. METHODS: A sample of 253 psychiatric patients were assessed using a package of measures, which comprised the MHRM, the Quality of Life Scale, the Empowerment Scale, the Ego-Resilience Scale, the Clinical Global Impression Scale and the General Assessment of Functioning. The reliability of the MHRM was evaluated in terms of its internal consistency and item-total correlations, and its validity was explored by factor analysis. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the discriminant validity of the recovery factors. RESULTS: The MHRM was found to be highly reliable in terms of internal consistency, and corrected item-total correlations r ranged from 0.49 to 0.75. The exploratory factor analysis revealed six factors, and the regression analysis indicated that the factors are measuring distinct features. In addition, various estimates of validity of MHRM were established with the criterion measures in conceptually expected ways. CONCLUSION: These results offer the reliability and validity of the MHRM. The implications and limitations of this study were discussed, and future directions of study were suggested.