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To adapt to the general educational requirements for military academies to prepare for victory under the new situation, the present paper proposed the overall thought of strengthening the post education for military hygiene through analyzing the main problems and causes existing in the current education, combined with the experience and practice of foreign military post education. Moreover, we combined the current situation and reality of post education in military medical universities, and analyzed the corresponding countermeasures from the aspects of teaching staff, course construction, information construction, teaching method and assessment model, expecting to provide guidance and help for better carrying out the post education of military hygiene in the future.
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Objective:To establish a post competency model for clinical medical students in military medical universities to explore the qualities most needed by outstanding graduates.Methods:Through behavioral event interview (BEI) method, the complete interview data of 82 graduates (40 students in excellent group and 42 students in normal group) from a military medical university were obtained. The respondents were asked to recall the three most successful and unsuccessful cases in their past work, and fill in the checklist. The interview data were coded, marked and classified, the interview recording data were analyzed, and the comparison was made between the frequency of competency characteristics and the collection points of excellent graduates.Results:Top 9 competency features with the highest frequency and no difference between the two groups were respectively internal quality (82 students, 100%), clinical medical service capacity (52 students, 63.4%), continuous learning ability (36 students, 43.9%), teamwork ability (38 students, 46.3%), career (66 students, 80.5%), enterprise (46 students, 56.1%), sense of responsibility (42 students, 51.2%), execution (42 students, 51.2%), and coordination of team members (36 students, 44.0%). The proportions of excellent graduates to mention the ability to apply information tools ( χ2=6.80, P=0.009),; master English literature ( χ2=4.42, P=0.036), and be self-disciplined and fame and fortune-weakened ( χ2=6.90, P=0.009) were higher than those of the ordinary ones. Conclusion:This study has scientifically constructed a post competency model for clinical medicine students in military medical universities, including the benchmark competency model (9 characteristics with the highest frequency and non-differentiated between two groups) and the identification competency model (3 characteristics of excellent graduates higher than those of ordinary ones).
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Taking the curriculum integration of skin diseases as an example, this paper summarizes the skin diseases with high incidence in the army such as acne, tinea pedis, warts, folliculitis, corns and calluses, sunburns, etc. The results have been applied to the integration of the skin disease curriculum in Air Force Medical University. During the course integration process, we integrated the courses of dermatology, plastic surgery and burn surgery together, and simplified the teaching content according to the "organ-system" orientation and features of military medical university. In the teaching process, the PBL teaching method was used to guide the students to discuss with the problems. At the end of the course, the students were assessed by tests, and the satisfaction evaluation were carried out. The results showed that the application of high incidence of skin diseases in the army in curriculum integration can help improve the teaching effect and the satisfaction of students, which will provide a certain reference for the curriculum integration reform of military medical universities.
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Military flying labor hygiene is a discipline that focuses on influences of special flight environment and labor condition on human body and related prevent measures,with the core of flight fatigue.Health information and technique training can help flight surgeons to enhance professional competency and improve the prevention and recovery of military flying fatigue.The course construction of teaching system in this study included survey of demand,arrangement of content,identification of strategy,determination of evaluation,and feedback of results.Meanwhile,the textbook compilation,cultivation of teaching team and construction of laboratory were also needed.After a 4-year practice,a formal teaching system has been established and its teaching effectiveness has basically fulfilled the professional requirement for flight surgeons.
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Human anatomy is one of the most important courses of preclinical medicine. This paper discusses that during human anatomy learning at the beginning of students' freshman year, how to optimize the humanistic education in military medical universities and to create strong medical humanistic atmosphere and deepen theoretical and practical understanding under the strategy of "Healthy China 2030".
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[Abstract] Objective To explore the mediating effect of fatigue on the relationship between negative emotion and burnout in military medical university students. Methods By random sampling, depression anxiety stress scale 21 (DASS-21), multidimensional fatigue questionnaire (MFI-20) and Maslach burnout questionnaire (MBI) were used to investigate the negative emotion, fatigue and burnout of five-year undergraduates of clinical medicine in a military medical university. Pearson product moment correlation and multivariate hierarchical regression were used to analyze the relationships among different variables. Structural equation model was constructed and Bootstrap test was used to analyze the mediating effect. Results A total of 270 questionnaires were distributed, and 250 valid questionnaires were enrolled, with a response rate of 92.6%. The scores of three dimensions (depression, anxiety and stress) of negative emotion were significantly higher than the norm (all P0.01). The score of physical fatigue was significantly higher than the norm (P0.01), and the scores of mental fatigue, power loss and activity reduction were significantly lower than the norm (P0.05, P0.01). There were no differences between the scores of emotional exhaustion and cynicism and the norm, but the low achievement score was significantly higher than the norm (P0.01). There were significant correlations between negative emotion, fatigue and burnout in all dimensions (all P0.01). Multivariate hierarchical regression analysis showed that fatigue could explain 53.3% of variance variation of burnout (F＝71.140, P0.01). Both physical fatigue and mental fatigue had positive predictive effects on burnout (β＝0.516, P0.01; β＝0.188, P0.01). On the basis of fatigue, negative emotion could independently explain 1.9% of variance variation of burnout (F＝44.243, P0.01). Anxiety, depression and stress could explain 33.5% of the variation variance of burnout (F＝42.333, P0.01), and depression and stress had positive predictive effects on burnout (β＝0.236, P0.01; β＝0.258, P0.05). On the basis of negative emotion, fatigue could independently explain 21.7% of variance variation of burnout (F＝44.243, P0.01). Physical fatigue and mental fatigue had positive predictive effects on burnout (β＝0.423, P0.01; β＝0.166, P0.01). Mediation effect models and Bootstrap test results showed that negative emotion could indirectly affect burnout through fatigue (χ2＝74.508, df＝17, χ2/df＝4.383, comparative fit index [CFI]＝ 0.955, incremental fit index [IFI]＝0.956, relative fit index [RFI]＝0.943, Tucker-Lewis index [TLI]＝0.926). The mediating effect of fatigue was 65.3%. Conclusion Fatigue plays a mediating role between negative emotion and burnout. The military medical students with high anxiety, depression and stress need more attention and effective measures should be adopted to avoid the aggravation of their fatigue and burnout.
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Military flying labor hygiene is a discipline that focuses on influences of special flight environment and labor condition on human body and related prevent measures, with the core of flight fatigue. Health information and technique training can help flight surgeons to enhance professional competency and improve the prevention and recovery of military flying fatigue. The course construction of teaching system in this study included survey of demand, arrangement of content, identification of strategy, determination of evaluation, and feedback of results. Meanwhile, the textbook compilation, cultivation of teaching team and construction of laboratory were also needed. After a 4-year practice, a formal teaching system has been established and its teaching effectiveness has basically fulfilled the professional requirement for flight surgeons.
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Objective To investigate the innovation ability status of undergraduate students in Third Military Medical University,and put forward some effective suggestions.Methods A questionnaire was applied to survey the innovation ability status of undergraduate students in Third Military Medical University.A total of 210 valid questionnaires were collected.The questionnaires covered five aspects including undergraduate students' basic information,innovative consciousness,innovation thinking,innovation skills and basic knowledge.The results were assessed by using SPSS 19.0 statistical software for t-test or ANOVA of students from different grades,majors and academic years.Inspection level was α=0.05.Results The total score of innovation ability in undergraduates was (70.5 ± 8.2) point,and no significant difference was observed in the total score of undergraduates' innovation ability within different grades (P=0.435).However,the innovation thinking ability of undergraduates in Grade Four was significantly higher than that in Grade Two [(77.0 ± 10.7) vs.(72.6 ± 10.9),P=0.030)],and the score of basic knowledge of undergraduates in Grade One was significantly higher than that in Grade Four [(76.2 ± 6.0) vs.(69.3 ± 8.7),P=0.014)].The total score of innovation ability of undergraduates from clinical medicine was significantly higher that of undergraduates from preventive medicine and other majors [(72.5 ± 8.8) vs.(69.9 ± 7.5),P=0.035;(72.5 ± 8.8) vs.(66.7 ± 7.9),P=0.004].There were no significant differences in total score of innovation ability or score of any first level index of undergraduates between eight-and five-year system of preventive medicine (P＞0.05).Conclusion The overall innovation ability of undergraduates in military medical university was relatively high,and undergraduates from different grades,majors and academic years have their own special advantages in innovative consciousness,innovation thinking,innovation skills and basic knowledge,and it is necessary to carry out more researches focusing on educational and training mechanism of innovation ability according to the personality of undergraduates in military medical universities.
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Objective:To explore and improve the teaching model and method of basic courses of computer application in Military Medical University so as to enhance the teaching quality and effect of the courses.Methods: Through analysis and discussion for the facing problem in basic teaching course of computer application of military medical university, and adopting series of teaching methods included that confirmed teaching aim, innovated teaching idea, explored group instruction and emphasized curriculum development, and combining teaching experiences, some opinions and suggestions were proposed to strengthen and improve the teaching quality of basis course of computer application.Results:After improved the teaching methods for basic courses of computer application, the project assessment and actual measurement of students' ability showed that the students' knowledge level and ability were greatly improved than formerly students, and the teaching level of the basic course of computer application also were enhanced.Conclusion: Under the new situation, basic course teaching of computer application in military medical university is facing new challenges, and the corresponding measurements should be adopted to enhance the teaching quality so as to satisfy the requirement of compound talent cultivation for military medicine under the informatization age.
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Objective To explore the feasibility of applying small private online course (SPOC) in the course of Microcomputer Principle and Interface Technology to solve its problems in complicated knowledge points,abstract contents and difficulty in understanding.Methods The characteristics of the undergraduate students in the military medical university and SPOC mode were analyzed,and then the design and implementation of a SPOC-based Microcomputer Principle and Interface Technology course were explored in the military medical university.Results By applying the SPOC into the teaching of Microcomputer Principle and Interface Technology course,the student could find out the forgotten or leaked knowledge and reiterate them to reinforce the memory of those knowledge points,which promoted their self-regulation of learning.Besides,teaching the students with real cases not only increased the learner's enthusiasm but also strengthened the military medical background.The offline group discussion facilitated the students in understanding and application of knowledge.Conclusion Applying SPOC mode into PMIT teaching no doubt improves the effect and quality of teaching and learning.
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Objective To analyze the influence of professional factor on sensory learning style of military medical university undergraduates to put basis for search effective teaching and studying strategies. Methods Taking one military medical university for example, the undergraduates in all specialties were surveyed with VARK 7.0 version on the quantity of tendencies of their sensory learn-ing styles, the distributions and strengths on condition of single style. Results ①There were statistical significances (χ2=134.916,P=0.029) in the types of sensory learning style of students from different specialties. In those with single learning orientation, the percentage was the highest in the Biotechnology Specialty (54.5%) and Nursing Specialty (49.2%), while in those with quadruple ones, the percentage was the highest in the Pharmacy Specialty (37.2%) and Chinese medical science specialty (35.3%). ②There were no statistical significance (χ2=20.372,P=0.119) in the intensity of single learning orienta-tion among different specialties. ③There were no statistical significances (χ2=26.587,P=0.185) in the type distribution of single learning orientation among different specialties. Conclusion The learning style type of sensory learning style of military medical university undergraduates were influenced by professional factors, while single learning style type distribution and the strength were not influenced by professional factors.
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This paper explored factors influencing initiatives of clinical teachers in millitary medical university for training clinical undergraduates including work pressure after being transferring to civilian,work pressure,policy orientation,economic pressure,student factor and psychological factor,etc. Meanwhile,this paper explored the incentive mechanism of clinical teachers in millitary medical university for training clinical undergraduates including training and evaluating clinical teach-ing teachers, innovating evaluation criterion and creating sustainable teaching atmosphere (building examples and establishing various incentive systems). All measures taken above was mean to inspire the initiatives of clinical teaching teachers and to ensure the quality of clinical teaching.
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The literature courses in military medical university have two main difficulties:fuzzy teaching purpose and single teaching forms. To tackle the two difficulties,firstly,the literature courses should have specific aim which includes medical characteristics and practicality. Secondly, the teachers should choose reasonable materials and adopt effective teaching forms and then better teaching effect can be obtained.
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Objective To discuss the effect of applying evidence-based medicine (EBM) in orthopedic clinical teaching for eight-year program medical students in military medical university. Methods Totally 50 eight-year medical students in Shanghai Changzheng Hospital were equally divided into two groups:experimental group(EBM teaching group) and control group. The teacher of experimental group selected appropriate cases and set up the questions according to the difficulties encountered in clinical situation. Students retrieved the relevant medical literature and found out the most useful information for EBM system analysis. The results combined with the current cases were discussed. The teachers summarized clinical experiences and data according to the relevant depart-ment. Traditional direct infusion teaching mode was used in control group. Clinical work experiences were used to guide the students . After-department examination was conducted for both group after finishing the internship and questionnaire investigation was made among students in experiment group. Statistical analysis was carried out on the examination results with SPSS 17.0 software. Mea-surement data were expressed as x±s and comparison on mean differences between two groups was analyzed by t test. Results Average scores of subjective topic and military related topic in the theory exam were higher in experimental group than in traditional teaching group, with statistically significant differences(P<0.001). Excellent rate was 80%(20/25) in case discussion in experimental group and 60%(15/25) in control group. Experimental investigation questionnaire showed that: students got enhanced in learning initiative and broadened knowledge. 96%(24/25) students strengthened the learn-ing efficiency of military related chapters. 88%(22/25) students accepted this method and expected to continue. Conclusions Using the method of evidence-based medicine in eight-year program medical students in military medical university can cultivate the spirit of the stu-dents' self-study actively and rigorous earnest attitude. Students can grasp learning methods and sci-entific thinking. It also can strengthen students' awareness of military medicine and research.
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The cultural development needs of contemporary college students generally are displayed as varied contents,rich types and distinctive characteristics.Students in military medical universities shoulder the responsibilities of both soldiers and medical students,their cultural development needs are often in contradiction to military culture,thus bringing challenges to the culture construction in military medical universities.By introducing activities from civilians and soldiers,constructing hidden cultural platforms,improving hardware facilities and other innovative methods,we can actively guide students' ideological direction and play a better culturally educational function of military schools.
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Tutorial System is beneficial to improving the general disposition of undergraduate students,forming better learning atmosphere,enhancing the scientific research ability,broadening the pathway of contacting society,developing students' cognitive ability,and strengthening employment instructive work.Tutorial system for undergraduate students has been carried out for 4 years in our military medical university.After finding some problems of the work,making a summary of the beneficial experience and analyzing the cause of problems,we try to put forward some suggestions and take some optimization measures.
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ObjectiveTo improve the teaching quality of medical humanity education in medical university.MethodsA cluster sampling survey was given to 448 sophomores who studied the outline of medical humanities course in military medical university,and the data were descriptively and statistically analyzed.ResultsThe survey shows that 90％ sophomores satisfy with this course,95％ sophomores understand the importance of medical humanity education,and the students have more requirements on education resources and teaching ways.ConclusionOutline of medical humanities course is important to cultivate the medical humanity spirit of medical students,and the course still needs more improvements.
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Objective To investigate graduate students' common compulsory courses settings of the Military Medical University and put forward suggestions.Methods With self-made questionnaires,we investigate with simple random sampling all the concerned principals of teaching about their opinions of English,politics and statistics courses.Results Most of the experts thought graduate students should not be required to study English but test should be required(68.9％),that politics course was more than required (76.0％),and the percentage of the experts who thought the contents in graduate and undergraduate courses were less overlapped and more overlapped is respectively 47.9％ and 46.6％.Conclusion To satisfy scientific research needs of graduate students in military medical university,the common courses should be reformed,including teaching politics in various methods like lectures,taking software studying and experiment design into statistics,implementing the policy of students taking English test in the exemption of English study,etc.
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Objective To research on study attitudes of military medical university undergraduates. Methods The study attitudes of all the undergraduates were investigated and compared in different sorts by using homemade questionnaires. Results The general study attitudes of military medical university undergraduates were good. The undergraduates of different grades had not different study attitudes, neither did the undergraduates of different ages. The undergraduates of different sorts had different attitudes, so did the undergraduates of different genders and different specialties. Concretely, the undergraduates not recruited by Army, the men undergraduates, the undergraduates of long academic-year program and five-year military medico have better study attitudes. Conclusion The general study attitudes of military medical university undergraduates were good but there is still some space to boost. All sorts of steps should be taken to correct their study attitudes and advance their study effects.
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Objective To understand the consulting relationship among students of some teaching class of epidemiology.Methods Data were collected through questionnaire and the network characteristics were analyzed with social network analysis software-NetDraw.Results The consulting network relation of this class was loosening,but there were a few people who have more degree and betweenness than others;some cliques were associated with major and sex.Conclusions Social network analysis can help teacher understand the consulting relationship among students,which may provide the base for making the management strategy on teaching class.