ABSTRACT
Objectives: To document the adverse cardiorespiratory events following first routine immunization in preterm neonates. Methods: We retrieved records of neonates with gestational age ?30 weeks, and included those who developed cardiorespiratory events after first vaccines before discharge. Our Unit’s protocol is to administer Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), hepatitis B vaccine to those discharged at <8 weeks postnatal age. Hexavalent, BCG, pneumococcal vaccine and rotavirus vaccines are given at 8 weeks of age, if hospital stay is predicted to be longer. Unit compliance to vaccination administration at appropriate ages were also measured. Results: Data of 161 neonates ?30 weeks (17.4% <27 week) who completed care in the unit was studied. Cardio-respiratory adverse events were reported in 21(13.7%). None of these required initiation of invasive ventilation. High flow nasal cannula therapy and caffeine restart were required for these events in 14 (9.3%) and 6 (3.9%) neonates, respectively. Lower gestational age, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and sepsis were significant risk factors on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, continued need for respiratory support at 4 weeks of age (P=aOR 14.5 (95% CI 5-59.1) was the only independent risk factor for post-vaccination cardiorespiratory adverse events. Of 38 who were not vaccinated at recommended ages by unit policy, 25 were missed opportunities, the rest were deemed unstable for vaccinations at that age by the clinical team. Conclusion: Adverse cardiorespiratory events were uncommon after first vaccinations in very preterm neonates. Administering vaccines in this group before discharge would allow monitoring for these events, especially for those who require long-term respiratory support.
ABSTRACT
O estudo teve como objetivo descrever e analisar características individuais e familiares das crianças e características do serviço de saúde e suas relações com a situação vacinal para diferentes tipos de vacinas e doses. Utilizaram-se três fontes de informações: registros do Sistema Municipal de Informação em Saúde, carteira de vacinação e entrevista, mediante questionário fechado. As famílias entrevistadas estavam em fase de ômaturaçãoõ de crescimento, com proles de um ou dois filhos; os cuidadores eram, na maioria, mães jovens, economicamente inativas e havia facilidade de acesso ao serviço de saúde. Cerca de 30% não receberam orientação sobre a vacina aplicada, reações e retorno da próxima vacina. Os maiores atrasos foram das vacinas contra o sarampo (6,3%) e o Haemophilus influenzae tipo B (4,2%). Observa-se que o motivo do atraso vacinal e a não-vacinação parecem estar mais relacionados a características do serviço do que às da população.
The aim of this study was to describe and analyze individual and family characteristics of children and those of health services, as well as their relationship with the immunization status for different kinds of vaccines and doses. Three sources of information were used: records from the Municipal Health Information System, immunization charts, and interviews using closed-ended questions. The families interviewed still had one or two growing children; caretakers were usually young unemployed mothers with easy access to health services. Around 30% of them were not instructed on the vaccine being given, its reactions or when to return for the next shot. The greatest levels of tardiness occurred with the vaccines against measles (6.3%) and Haemophilus influenzae B (4.2%). It was possible to observe that tardiness or absence of vaccinations seem to have a stronger relationship with service characteristics than with population characteristics.