ABSTRACT
Autoimmune diseases（ADs） are diseases in which the body’s immune tolerance is impaired， causing damage to its tissues. The pro-inflammatory helper T cell 17 （Th17） and anti-inflammatory regulatory T cell （Treg） are functionally antagonistic to each other， and the immune imbalance between them and the imbalance of related inflammatory factors are closely related to the occurrence of a variety of ADs. Plenty of evidence has shown that gut microbiota can regulate Th17/Treg differentiation， rebuild immune tolerance and delay the ADs process through regulating cytokine production， transcription factor expression and energy metabolism. This paper reviews the intervention effects of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） monomers on the common ADs by regulating Th17/Treg differentiation balance based on intestinal flora： ulcerative colitis，rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus type 1. It is found that its mechanism of action may be to restore the balance of pro-inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors to alleviate intestinal mucosal barrier damage， reduce synovial angiogenesis and improve pancreatic β cell destruction， which provides some ideas for the prevention and treatment of ADs with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.