Estrategia pedagógica inclusiva para el desarrollo de habilidades deportivas en estudiantes con necesidades educativas intelectuales

El estudio versa sobre el desarrollo de habilidades deportivas en estudiantes con necesidades educativas intelectuales, en la clase de Educación Física inclusiva; sus manifestaciones y limitaciones empíricas en una institución educativa ecuatoriana y la búsqueda de una explicación al problema científico, a través de una propuesta para su solución. Se declaró como objetivo diseñar una estrategia pedagógica inclusiva para el desarrollo de habilidades deportivas en estudiantes con necesidades educativas intelectuales, durante la clase de Educación Física. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cualitativo-cuantitativo, no experimental, de tipo descriptivo-explicativo y transversal, se empleó un muestreo no probabilístico, intencional y estratificado, con 32 estudiantes de 10mo año, de ellos, cuatro con necesidades educativas intelectuales y el docente de Educación Física; se utilizó el enfoque sistémico estructural-funcional en el diseño de una estrategia pedagógica inclusiva; así como, la observación y la entrevista para caracterizar el estado actual del objeto de investigación. Se consultó a un grupo de profesionales para la determinación de la pertinencia de la estrategia, mediante la técnica del grupo nominal, los que arribaron a la conclusión que la propuesta es pertinente y aplicable en la práctica pedagógica inclusiva.

O estudo trata do desenvolvimento de habilidades esportivas em alunos com necessidades educacionais intelectuais, na aula de Educação Física inclusiva; suas manifestações e limitações empíricas em uma instituição educacional equatoriana e a busca de uma explicação para o problema científico, por meio de uma proposta para sua solução. O objetivo foi elaborar uma estratégia pedagógica inclusiva para o desenvolvimento de habilidades esportivas em alunos com necessidades educacionais intelectuais durante a aula de Educação Física. A pesquisa teve uma abordagem qualitativa-quantitativa, não experimental, descritivo-explicativa e transversal, foi utilizada uma amostragem não probabilística, intencional e estratificada, com 32 alunos do 10º ano, quatro deles com necessidades educacionais intelectuais e o professor de Educação Física; a abordagem sistêmica estrutural-funcional foi utilizada na concepção de uma estratégia pedagógica inclusiva; bem como observação e entrevista para caracterizar o estado atual do objeto de pesquisa. Um grupo de profissionais foi consultado para determinar a relevância da estratégia, utilizando a técnica de grupo nominal, que concluiu que a proposta é relevante e aplicável na prática pedagógica inclusiva.

The study deals with the development of sports skills in students with intellectual educational needs, in the inclusive Physical Education class; its manifestations and empirical limitations in an Ecuadorian educational institution and the search for an explanation to the scientific problem, through a proposal for its solution. The objective was declared to design an inclusive pedagogical strategy for the development of sports skills in students with intellectual educational needs, during the Physical Education class. The research had a qualitative-quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive-explanatory and transversal approach, non-probabilistic, intentional and stratified sampling was used, with 32 10th grade students, four of them with intellectual educational needs and the Education teacher Physical; the structural-functional systemic approach was used in the design of an inclusive pedagogical strategy; as well as observation and interview to characterize the current state of the research object. A group of professionals was consulted to determine the relevance of the strategy, using the nominal group technique, who came to the conclusion that the proposal is relevant and applicable in inclusive pedagogical practice.

Oportunidades de abordagens sobre imunização durante o atendimento à demanda espontânea / Opportunities for immunization approaches when meeting spontaneous demand / Oportunidades para enfoques de inmunización al satisfacer la demanda espontánea

Tendo em vista o papel importante que os enfermeiros desempenham no processo de vacinação, o objetivo do presente estudo foi examinar a perspectiva desses profissionais em duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBSs), que utilizam diferentes modelos de agendamento (Carve-Out e Acesso Avançado), com relação a como aproveitar as oportunidades de discutir a imunização durante o atendimento aos usuários que procuram ajuda sem agendamento prévio. Para realizar a comparação entre as unidades, foram utilizados dados secundários dos relatórios do Sistema de Informação do Programa Nacional de Imunizações e do e-SUS AB, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2019. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os enfermeiros dessas unidades sendo utilizada a Matriz SWOT para análise do ambiente interno. Com relação à escuta inicial, pode-se observar uma superioridade da UBS que segue o modelo de Acesso Avançado, porém não houve diferenças significativas quanto ao quantitativo de imunizações. A estratégia para diminuir as Oportunidades Perdidas de Vacinação (OPVs) mais citada, foi a abordagem do usuário no momento da procura na "demanda espontânea". No entanto, foi evidenciada como barreira a falta da caderneta de vacinação, já que o usuário não estaria na unidade para essa demanda e o pouco tempo disponível. Não houve diferenças significativas entre a percepção dos enfermeiros atuantes nos diferentes modelos de agendamento, Carve-Out e Acesso Avançado, no que se refere a oportunizar abordagens sobre imunização durante o atendimento à demanda espontânea.

Considering the important role that nurses play in the vaccination process, the objective of the present study was to examine the perspective of these professionals in two Basic Health Units (UBSs), which use different scheduling models (Carve-Out and Advanced Access), regarding how to take advantage of opportunities to discuss immunization during care for users who seek help without prior scheduling. To carry out the comparison between the units, secondary data from reports from the Information System of the National Immunization Program and e-SUS AB were used, from January to December 2019. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with nurses from these units. The SWOT Matrix for analyzing the internal environment. Regarding initial listening, we can observe the superiority of the UBS that follows the Advanced Access model, but there were no significant differences in terms of the number of immunizations. The most cited strategy to reduce Missed Vaccination Opportunities (OPVs) was the user approach when searching for "spontaneous demand". However, the lack of a vaccination booklet was highlighted as a barrier, as the user would not be at the unit for this demand and there was little time available. There were no significant differences between the perception of nurses working in the different scheduling models, Carve-Out and Advanced Access, with regard to providing opportunities for approaches to immunization when meeting spontaneous demand.

Considerando el importante papel que desempeña el enfermero en el proceso de vacunación, el objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar la perspectiva de estos profesionales en dos Unidades Básicas de Salud (UBS), que utilizan diferentes modelos de programación (Carve-Out y Acceso Avanzado), respecto a cómo aprovechar oportunidades para discutir sobre inmunización durante la atención a usuarios que buscan ayuda sin programación previa. Para realizar la comparación entre las unidades, se utilizaron datos secundarios de los informes del Sistema de Información del Programa Nacional de Inmunizaciones y del e-SUS AB, de enero a diciembre de 2019. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a enfermeros de estas unidades. Matriz FODA para el análisis del entorno interno. En cuanto a la escucha inicial, se observa la superioridad de la UBS que sigue el modelo de Acceso Avanzado, pero no hubo diferencias significativas en cuanto al número de inmunizaciones. La estrategia más citada para reducir las Oportunidades de Vacunación Perdidas (OPV) fue el enfoque del usuario al buscar "demanda espontánea". Sin embargo, se destacó como una barrera la falta de cartilla de vacunación, ya que el usuario no estaría en la unidad para esta demanda y había poco tiempo disponible. No hubo diferencias significativas entre la percepción de las enfermeras que trabajan en los diferentes modelos de programación, Carve-Out y Advanced Access, con respecto a brindar oportunidades de enfoques de inmunización cuando se satisface la demanda espontánea.

Competências comuns para a prática interprofissional no cuidado às pessoas em situação de violência sexual / Common skills for the interprofessional practice in care for people in sexual violence

Resumo Introdução: A violência sexual é um grave problema na sociedade brasileira cujas repercussões no âmbito da saúde pública tornam imperativa a abordagem dessa questão no contexto da formação das suas profissões. Igualmente, a integralidade do cuidado destinado às pessoas em situação de violência sexual requer a atuação conjunta de diversas profissões, além da integração em rede e articulação de diferentes equipamentos sociais. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo reconhecer quais competências - entendidas como o conjunto de conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes - são necessárias para o desenvolvimento do cuidado integral destinado às pessoas em situação de violência sexual, segundo os melhores padrões de qualidade e segurança para a saúde delas. Método: Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo de caráter exploratório e descritivo que envolveu a aplicação de um formulário prévio sobre os conhecimentos acerca das competências, seguido da dinâmica da construção da figura humana, que consiste na confecção de um boneco no qual os conhecimentos estariam representados pela cabeça, as habilidades pelos membros e as atitudes pelo corpo, na realização de uma oficina com 76 participantes de diferentes profissões. Adicionalmente, aplicou-se um questionário a 32 profissionais com reconhecida expertise na área de violência sexual e com experiência prática no atendimento às pessoas nessa situação. Foi empregada a análise temática categorial. Resultado: Identificaram-se desafios a serem superados nas três dimensões constituintes das competências, com nítida deficiência de conhecimentos para a atuação em rede visando à efetividade e à integralidade do cuidado. Reconheceram-se 15 competências comuns aos profissionais que lidam com a violência, e o produto final foi representado num infográfico de disposição radial com a organização dos conhecimentos, das habilidades e das atitudes identificados como necessários para o desenvolvimento de tais competências. Conclusão: Reconhecer competências comuns e identificar, separadamente, quais conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes as constituem representa estratégias promotoras da abordagem transversal desses conteúdos na formação das profissões, sobretudo da saúde. A proposição de uma matriz de competências comuns para prática interprofissional no cuidado destinado às pessoas em situação de violência sexual pode orientar a qualificação desse cuidado e alicerçar a interprofissionalidade em cenários cruciais de atuação coletiva para o enfrentamento da flagrante injustiça social que a violência sexual significa.

Abstract Introduction: Sexual violence is a serious problem in Brazilian society whose repercussions on public health make it imperative to address this issue in the context of training in professions. Likewise, comprehensive care for people in situations of sexual violence requires the joint action of different professions, in addition to network integration and articulation of different social facilities. Objective: This study aimed to reflect which competencies - understood as the set of knowledge, skills and attitudes - are permitted for the development of comprehensive care for people in situations of sexual violence, according to the best standards of quality and health safety they. Method: A qualitative study of an exploratory and descriptive nature was carried out, which involved the application of a preliminary form on knowledge about skills, followed by the dynamics of the construction of the human figure, which consists of manufacturing a doll in which the knowledge would be represented by the head, by the skills of the members and by the attitudes of the body, in the creation of an office with 76 participants from different professions. Furthermore, a questionnaire was administered to 32 professionals with experience in the area of sexual violence and with practical experience in caring for people in this situation. Categorical thematic analysis was used. Result: Result: Challenges were identified to be overcome in the three dimensions that constitute competencies, with a clear lack of knowledge for working in a network aiming at the effectiveness and comprehensiveness of care. 15 competencies common to professionals who deal with violence were recognized, and the final product was represented in a radially arranged infographic with the organization of knowledge, skills and attitudes identified as necessary for the development of such competencies. Conclusion: Recognizing common competencies and identifying, separately, which knowledge, skills and attitudes constitute them represent strategies that promote a transversal approach to these contents in the training of professions, especially in health. Proposing a matrix of common competencies for interprofessional practice in care for people in situations of sexual violence can guide the qualification of this care and support interprofessionality in crucial scenarios of collective action to combat the blatant social injustice that sexual violence means.

Percepciones del personal de salud sobre los efectos de la pandemia COVID-19 en un servicio de salud mental y adicciones

Objetivo: Analizar las percepciones del personal de salud sobre los efectos de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la organización de un servicio de salud mental y adicciones. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, cuantitativo. Se aplicó una encuesta diseñada por el Observatorio Argentino de Drogas de la SEDRONAR (Secretaría de Políticas sobre Drogas de la Nación Argentina) al personal de salud del Centro Asistencial Córdoba durante el mes de noviembre 2020. Resultados: Según las percepciones del personal de salud, la institución sostuvo la admisión y la suspensión fue solamente sobre las prestaciones de terapia grupal durante la primera etapa, que se revirtió desarrollando grupos terapéuticos mediante videollamadas. En relación con la variación de la demanda de atención, el 68,9% mencionó estar totalmente en desacuerdo con la afirmación de que la misma disminuyó. El personal de salud observó una variabilidad en los motivos de consulta y un aumento en la demanda de atención, con un crecimiento de las consultas por violencia autoinfligida y por consumos problemáticos de sustancias. Conclusión: Las medidas de aislamiento implicaron una reorganización de los servicios y sus modalidades de atención. Se torna importante preparar a los servicios de salud mental y adicciones para brindar las prestaciones necesarias y dar respuesta a las demandas de atención durante este tipo de contingencias.

Objetive: To analyze the perceptions of health personnel about the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the organization of a mental health and drug abuse service. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative. A survey designed by the Argentine Drugs Observatory of SEDRONAR (Secretaría de Políticas sobre Drogas de la Nación Argentina) was applied to all the health professionals at Centro Asistencial Córdoba during November 2020. Results: According to the perceptions of health personnel, the organization kept admissions open for new treatments and the suspension was only about group therapy benefits during the first moment of lockdown measures, which was reversed by developing therapeutic groups through video calls. Regarding the change in demand for attention, 68, 9% mentioned being totally at odds with the claim that it diminished. Health personnel perceived a variability in the reasons for consultation and an increase in the demand for attention with a growth in consultations due to self-inflicted violence and substance-related disorders. Conclusion: It is possible to conclude that lockdown measures involved a reorganization of services and their modalities of attention. Therefore, it becomes important to prepare mental health services and substance-related disorders to provide the necessary benefits and respond to the demands for attention during this type of critical incidents.

Fenotipos clínicos en el diagnóstico sicopedagógico de las necesidades educativas especiales

El desarrollo científico tecnológico caracterizado, entre otros por los avances en el campo de las ciencias biomédicas, trascienden a la educación, especialmente se denotan los nexos entre la genética médica y la educación especial. En la provincia de Camagüey se desarrolla una investigación entre los servicios de Genética y el Centro de Diagnóstico y Orientación de la educación especial. A partir del análisis de la interrelación entre ambas ciencias se proyectan en la práctica de la atención de educandos con necesidades educativas especiales enfoques multi, inter y transdisciplinarios con el fin de contribuir al perfeccionamiento del diagnóstico sicopedagógico. El estudio se desarrolla con la colaboración de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.

Scientific and technological development, characterized among cons by advances in the field of biomedical sciences, transcend education, especially the links between medical genetics and special education. In the province of Camagüey, research is being carried out between the Genetics services and the Diagnosis and Guidance Center for special education. Based on the analysis of the interrelation between both sciences, multi, inter and transdisciplinary approaches are projected into the practice of caring for students with special educational needs, in order to contribute to the improvement of psychopedagogical diagnosis. The study is developed with the collaboration of the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.

Knowledge of physiological aspects, clinical management, and nutrition among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective: To evaluate the knowledge about physiological aspects, clinical management, and nutrition of primary care patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by sociodemographic, economic, and clinical variables. Material and methods: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study in 22 Family Health Strategy units in the city of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, in 2015 among 353 patients registered with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A structured questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Knowledge was assessed using the diabetes knowledge scale questionnaire. Data were presented with absolute frequencies and percentages and analyzed using Poisson regression. Results: Most respondents demonstrated satisfactory knowledge in the field of physiology (60.30%) and unsatisfactory knowledge in clinical management (67.7%) and nutrition (61.5%). Schooling was associated with knowledge in the areas of physiology, clinical management and nutrition, and treatment associated with clinical management. Conclusion: Knowledge about type 2 diabetes mellitus was related to sociodemographic characteristics and treatment. The importance of health education for coping with this chronic condition is evident.

Objetivo: Evaluar los conocimientos sobre aspectos fisiológicos, manejo clínico y nutrición de usuarios con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 registrados en unidades de Atención Primaria y su análisis según variables sociodemográficas, económicas y clínicas. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio observacional y transversal realizado en 22 unidades de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia de la ciudad de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, en 2015 con 353 pacientes registrados con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado para evaluar las características sociodemográficas y clínicas. El conocimiento se evaluó mediante el cuestionario de la escala de conocimiento de la diabetes. Los datos se presentaron en frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes. El análisis de datos utilizó la regresión de Poisson. Resultados: La mayoría de los encuestados demostró conocimientos satisfactorios en el campo de fisiología (60,30%) y conocimientos insatisfactorios en manejo clínico (67,7%) y nutrición (61,5%). La escolaridad se asoció con conocimientos en las áreas de Fisiología, Manejo Clínico y Nutrición e treatment con Manejo Clínico. Conclusión: El conocimiento sobre la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 está relacionado con las características sociodemográficas y el. tratamento. La importancia de la educación en salud para el enfrentamiento de esta condición crónica es evidente.

Necesidades de formación de las personas editoras de la Universidad de Costa Rica

El crecimiento de la necesidad de información veraz ha llevado a que las revistas científicas se posicionen como medios de información confiables; lo cual hace que se requiera una necesidad de la profesionalización de esta labor que garantice la confiablidad y rigurosidad de las mismas. El objetivo de este manuscrito fue identificar las necesidades de formación de profesionales a cargo de la gestión editorial de las revistas científicas de la Universidad de Costa Rica. La investigación se realizó desde enero del 2019 hasta junio del 2020, por medio de un enfoque cualitativo de tipo descriptivo, con técnicas de recolección de este mismo enfoque. Se entrevistaron a las personas editoras y directoras de las principales revistas posicionadas en los primeros diez lugares del ranking UCR índex (a la fecha 4 de noviembre del 2019), se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada con preguntas relacionadas a la identificación de actitudes, habilidades, conocimientos, necesidades de formación y el contexto en el que se desarrollan, estas representan las categorías de análisis utilizadas para el procesamiento de información. Entre los resultados se destacaron necesidades de formación en temáticas afines a los procesos administrativos relacionados con revistas, fundamentos de la gestión editorial, herramientas tecnológicas y el posicionamiento de las revistas; además se evidenciaron las cortas jornadas laborales que poseen los editores de revistas UCR. Se concluye que es imperativo que la UCR atienda estas necesidades de formación, además de fortalecer estos medios de divulgación del conocimiento y que se analice la oportunidad de ofrecer un programa de formación continua o bien una especialidad en gestión editorial.

The growth of the need for reliable information has led scientific journals to position themselves as reliable information media, which entails a need for the professionalization of this work that guarantees the reliability and rigor of this. The objective of this manuscript was to identify the training needs of the professionals in charge of the editorial management of the scientific journals of the University of Costa Rica. The research was carried out from January 2019 to June 2020, through a descriptive qualitative approach, with qualitative collection techniques. The editors and directors of the main journals positioned in the first ten places of the UCR index ranking (November 4th, 2019) were interviewed, a semi-structured interview was used with questions related to the identification of attitudes, skills, knowledge, training needs and the context in which they are developed, these represent the categories of analysis used for the processing of information. The main results shows that, training needs in topics related to the processes were highlighted, administrative issues related to journals, fundamentals of editorial management, technological tools and the positioning of journals; in addition, the short working hours that the editors of UCR magazines have were evidenced. It is concluded that it is imperative that the UCR meets these training needs, in addition to strengthening these means of disseminating knowledge and that the opportunity to offer a continuous training program or a specialty in editorial management be analyzed.

Impetrações judiciais de mães de crianças com síndrome congênita do vírus zika: das motivações aos desfechos / Impetracciones judiciales de madres de personas menores con síndrome congénito del virus zika: De las motivaciones a los resultados / Judicial impetractions of mothers of children with congenital zika virus syndrome: From motivations to outcomes

Introdução: As famílias de crianças com Síndrome Congênita do Zika (SCZ) convivem com dificuldades para suprir suas necessidades de saúde, portanto acionam o poder judiciário para gozar do seu direito à saúde. Objetivo: Apreender as principais motivações das impetrações judiciais requeridas por mães de crianças com SCZ e seus desfechos. Metodologia: Estudo exploratório documental com abordagem qualitativa, realizado no sítio eletrônico JusBrasil e coleta procedida em março de 2020. Foram incluídas 15 impetrações judiciais publicadas entre janeiro de 2016 e junho de 2019. A análise lexical através do software IRaMuTeQ e a análise de conteúdo temática foram realizadas. Resultados: O acesso às tecnologias assistivas é a principal motivação para impetrações judiciais, com vistas a assegurar melhora no desenvolvimento da criança e consequente independência da criança. As decisões judiciais beneficiaram as crianças com SCZ, fundamentadas no direito à saúde, direito à vida e proteção, e o direito de ir e vir. Conclusão: Para mitigar os impactos da judicialização da saúde as autoridades sanitárias e judiciárias podem investir em melhor vigilância e monitoramento dos fatores de risco e morbidades; rigor nos protocolos sanitários que envolvem migração de pessoas em zonas fronteiriças; ofertas de condições ambientais e de moradia dignas; realização de cuidados preventivos com destaque para a eficiência da imunização; além da organização e funcionamento de uma rede de atenção à saúde eficaz com abordagem interdisciplinar.

Introducción: Las familias de personas menores con síndrome de zika congénito (SZC) viven con dificultades para satisfacer sus necesidades de salud, por lo que hacen un llamado al Poder Judicial para gozar de este derecho. Objetivo: Conocer las principales motivaciones de las demandas presentadas por madres de niños y niñas con SZC y sus desenlaces. Metodología: Estudio documental exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo, realizado en el sitio web de JusBrasil y recogido en marzo de 2020. Se incluyeron 15 juicios publicados entre enero de 2016 y junio de 2019 en JusBrasil. Se realizó el análisis léxico a través del software IRaMuTeQ y el análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: El acceso a las tecnologías asistenciales es la principal motivación de las demandas, con el fin de asegurar la mejora en el desarrollo de la persona menor y su consecuente independencia. Las decisiones judiciales beneficiaron a niñas y niños con SZC, basadas en los derechos a la salud, a la vida y protección y a ir y venir. Conclusiones: Para mitigar los impactos de la judicialización en salud, las autoridades sanitarias y judiciales pueden invertir en una mejor vigilancia y seguimiento de los factores de riesgo y morbilidades, rigor en los protocolos sanitarios que implican la migración de personas en zonas fronterizas, ofrecer condiciones ambientales y habitacionales dignas, realizar cuidados preventivos, con énfasis en la eficiencia de la inmunización, además de la organización y operación de una red de atención de salud efectiva con enfoque interdisciplinario.

Introduction: Families of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CSZ) live with difficulties to meet their health needs; therefore, they resort to the law system in order claim their right to health. Objective: To apprehend the main motivations and outcomes of the lawsuits filed by mothers of children with CSZ. Methodology: Exploratory documentary study with a qualitative approach carried out on the JusBrasil website and collected in March 2020. The study included 15 lawsuits published between January 2016 and June 2019 in JusBrasil. A lexical analysis through the IRaMuTeQ software and a thematic content analysis were performed. Results: The access to assistive technologies is the main motivation for the lawsuits; these are issued with the objective to ensure improvement in the child's development and further independence of the child. Court decisions benefited children with CSZ based on the right to health, the right to life and protection, and the right to come and go. Conclusion: To mitigate the impacts of health judicialization, health and judicial authorities can invest in better surveillance and monitoring of the risk factors and morbidities, strictness in the health protocols that involve migration of people in border areas, offering of decent environmental and housing conditions, execution of preventive care with emphasis on the efficiency of immunization, as well as the organization and execution of an effective health care network with an interdisciplinary approach.

Spiritual needs among hospitalized patients at a public hospital in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The relationship between spirituality and health has been the object of growing discussion. There is a lack of data on spiritual needs assessments in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the spiritual needs of patients admitted to a public tertiary hospital and perform a comparative analysis between patients with and without indications for palliative care. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional observational study included patients hospitalized between August and December 2020 in Hospital do Servidor Publico Municipal, Sao Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: The included patients answered a questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic data, the Duke religiosity scale, and the Spiritual Needs Assessment for Patients (SNAP) tool for a spiritual needs assessment. The World Health Organization Palliative Needs tool (NECPAL) was used to evaluate the indications for palliative care. The level of significance adopted was 5%. RESULTS: A total of 66 patients were included in this study. Most participants (97%) declared themselves as belonging to a religion. The group without indication for palliative care by the NECPAL showed greater spiritual (P = 0.043) and psychosocial needs (P = 0.004). No statistically significant difference was observed in the religious needs domain (P = 0.176). There were no statistically significant differences in the Duke scale scores between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Spiritual, psychosocial, and religious needs are prevalent among hospitalized patients, and multidisciplinary teams must consider these needs in their management approach. In addition, this study suggests that psychosocial and spiritual needs can be even higher in patients who do not receive palliative care.

Adaptación transcultural y validez de contenido de un instrumento para determinar las necesidades paliativas en Colombia / Cross-cultural adaptation and content validity of an instrument to determine palliative needs in Colombia

Resumen Objetivo: Realizar la adaptación transcultural y evaluar la validez de contenido al español del instrumento NECPAL de CCOMS© para pacientes ingresados a la UCI para uso en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio metodológico de adaptación transcultural y validez de contenido. La recolección de los datos se realizó de junio a noviembre de 2020. La muestra fue de 12 especialistas. El instrumento NECPAL se evaluó determinando la trascendencia y los ítems, identificando la claridad, pertinencia y relevancia. Para evaluar cada ítem se usó una escala tipo Likert de 3 niveles. La validez de contenido se evaluó mediante el índice de validez de contenido (IVC) de Lawshe. Resultados: Se determinó que el instrumento NECPAL es adecuado para su uso en el contexto colombiano. Se realizaron ajustes para mejorar su interpretación. El IVC del instrumento NECPAL fue de 0.96. Conclusiones: El instrumento NECPAL en su versión en español colombiano es apropiado para determinar las necesidades paliativas en los pacientes hospitalizados en la UCI.

Abstract Objetive: Carry out the cross-cultural adaptation and to evaluate the validity of the content into Spanish of the NECPAL instrument of CCOMS© for patients admitted to the ICU for use in Colombia. Materials and methods: Methodological study of cross-cultural adaptation and content validity. Data collection was carried out from June to November 2020. The sample consisted of 12 specialists. The NECPAL instrument was evaluated determining the transcendence and the items, identifying the clarity, pertinence and relevance. To evaluate each item, a 3-level Likert-type scale was used. Content validity was assessed using Lawshe's Content Validity Index (CVI) Results: It was determined that the NECPAL instrument is suitable for use in the Colombian context. Adjustments were made to improve your performance. The IVC of the NECPAL instrument was 0.96. Conclusions: The NECPAL instrument in its Colombian Spanish version is appropriate to determine palliative needs in patients hospitalized in the ICU.

Psychometric properties of the needs scale for families of adults with intellectual disabilities, Colombian version

Aim: Assess the psychometric properties of reliability and validity of the Family Needs Assessment (FNA) questionnaire designed for adults in Colombia. Conducting research studies to validate the FNA questionnaire in other contexts and age groups is important. Methods: Five hundred fifty-four caregivers of adults with intellectual disabilities participated in the study (298 men and 256 women). The ages of the individuals with disabilities ranged from 18 to 76 years. The authors carried out the linguistic adaptation of the items and cognitive interviews to identify if the items evaluated what was intended. A pilot test with 20 participants was also conducted. An initial confirmatory factor analysis was carried out. Given that, this analysis did not show a good adjustment of the theoretical model initially proposed, an exploratory factor analysis was carried out to elucidate the most appropriate structure for the Colombian population.. Results: The factor analysis found five factors, each with a high ordinal alpha (Caregiving and family interaction, social interaction and future planning, Economy, and recreation, independent living skills or autonomy, and Services related to disability). Of the 76 items, 59 were preserved, which had a factorial load greater than 0.40; and 17 were left out because they did not meet this requirement.. Conclusion: Future research considers corroborating the five factors found and establishing their clinical applications. Concerning the concurrent validity, the families perceive that high need for social interaction and future planning and little support for the person with an intellectual disability.

Objetivo: Evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de confiabilidad y validez del cuestionario FNA versión adultos en Colombia. Se justifica realizar investigaciones que validen el cuestionario FNA (Family Needs Assessment) en otros contextos y grupos etarios. Métodos: Participaron 554 cuidadores de adultos con discapacidad intelectual (madres, padres o cuidadores). La edad de la persona con discapacidad osciló entre 18-76 años, 298 hombres y 256 mujeres. Se realizó la adaptación lingüística de los ítems, entrevistas cognitivas para identificar si los ítems evaluaban lo que se pretendía, y una prueba piloto a 20 participantes. Se llevó a cabo el análisis factorial confirmatorio, dado que éste no evidenció un buen ajuste del modelo teórico inicialmente propuesto, se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio para dilucidar la estructura propia para Colombia. Resultados: El análisis factorial encontró cinco factores cada uno con un alfa ordinal alto (Cuidado e interacción familiar, Interacción social y planeación de futuro, Economía y recreación, habilidades de vida independiente y autonomía y Servicios relacionados con la discapacidad). De los 76 ítems se conservaron 59, aquellos que tuvieron una carga factorial superior a 0.40; y se eliminaron 17 debido a que no cumplieron este requis. Conclusión: En el campo investigativo, los cinco factores encontrados se deben corroborar en estudios posteriores, así como, establecer sus aplicaciones clínicas. En cuanto a la validez concurrente, las familias perciben que alta necesidad en Interacción social y planeación del futuro y poco apoyo a la persona con discapacidad intelectual en este aspecto.

The academic impact of the symposium on endoscopy and minimally invasive spine surgery of the mexican association of spine surgeons - amcico / O impacto acadêmico do simpósio de endoscopia e cirurgia minimamente invasiva da coluna vertebral da associação mexicana de cirurgiões da coluna vertebral - amcico / El impacto académico del simposio de endoscopia y cirugía minimamente invasiva de columna de la asociación mexicana de cirujanos de columna - amcico

ABSTRACT Introduction: The interest in spinal endoscopy is rising, particularly among younger spine surgeons. Formalized postgraduate training programs for endoscopic spinal surgery techniques are lacking behind. Methods: The authors performed a retrospective survey study amongst participants of the 2022 AMCICO endoscopic surgery symposium. Descriptive and correlative statistics were done on the surgeon's responses recorded in multiple-choice questions. In addition, surgeons were asked about their clinical experience and preferences with spinal endoscopy, training background, the types of lumbar endoscopic decompression they perform by approach, and future training requirements. SPSS (version 27) statistical software package was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistic measures were used to count responses and calculate the mean, range, standard deviation, and percentages. In addition, chi-square statistics were used to determine the strength of the association between factors. Results: The online survey was accessed by 321 surgeons, of which 92 completed it (53.4%). Demographic data showed the majority of responding surgeons being orthopedic surgeons (73.6%) and under the age of 50 (69.2%), with over half (51.1%) having less than three months of formalized training in endoscopic spinal surgery techniques. Most surgeons practiced uni-portal (58.9%) versus bi-portal (3.4%) spinal endoscopy. The transforaminal approach (65.5%) was preferred over the interlaminar method (34.4%). The bi-portal technique was indicated almost exclusively for the lumbar spine (94.8%). For endoscopically assisted spinal fusions, a uni-portal approach was preferred by 72% of surgeons over a bi-portal procedure (24.5%). 84.1% of respondents were interested in navigation, of which 30.7% preferred optical over electromagnetic technology (18.2%). Robotics was of interest to 51.1% of survey participants. Respondents' bias was estimated with course attendance assessments, with 37% of surgeons having attended all three days, 27.2% two days, and 16.3% one day. One-fifth of responding spine surgeons did not participate in any curriculum activities but completed the survey. The academic impact of the AMCICO endoscopy symposium was high, with 68.1% of respondents indicating interest in continued training and 61.1% of trainees ready to apply their newly acquired knowledge base to clinical practice. Conclusion: The interest in spinal endoscopy surgery techniques and protocols is high among AMCICO members. Many surgeons are interested in learning advanced endoscopic surgical techniques to integrate the technology into their surgical procedure portfolio to address common painful conditions of the degenerative spine beyond herniated discs and foraminal stenosis. The authors concluded that its academic impact was high based on the responses given by the participating surgeons. Level of evidence III; Retrospective study.

Resumo: Introdução: O interesse em cirurgia endoscópica da coluna tem aumentado especialmente entre os jovens cirurgiões, contudo, são poucos os centros que atualmente oferecem programas de treinamento nesta disciplina. Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa retrospectiva entre os participantes do simpósio de "Cirurgia Minimamente Invasiva e Endoscópica da Coluna Vertebral" realizado durante o Congresso AMCICO 2022. Estatísticas descritivas e testes de correlação foram aplicados às respostas das perguntas de múltipla escolha. Os cirurgiões foram questionados sobre experiência clínica e preferências pela endoscopia espinhal, histórico de treinamento, tipos de descompressão lombar endoscópica que realizaram e requisitos futuros para um treinamento adicional. O software estatístico SPSS (versão 27) foi utilizado para a análise de dados. As medidas estatísticas descritivas foram utilizadas para quantificar as respostas e calcular a mediana, a média, o desvio padrão e as porcentagens. O qui-quadrado foi empregado para determinar a associação entre os fatores estudados. Resultados: A pesquisa on-line foi visualizada por 321 cirurgiões, dos quais 92 a completaram (53,4%). As informações demográficas mostraram que a maioria dos participantes são cirurgiões ortopédicos (73,6%) e menores de 50 anos (69,2%), com mais da metade deles (51,1%) possuindo menos de 3 meses de treinamento formal em técnicas endoscópicas. A maioria dos cirurgiões pratica abordagens uniportais (58,9%, contra 3,4% bi-portais). A abordagem transforaminal (65,5%) foi preferida em relação à abordagem interlaminar (34,4%). A abordagem biportal foi selecionada como a abordagem indicada para a região lombar (94,8%). Para a fusão endoscopia-assistida, a abordagem unilateral foi preferida por 72% dos participantes contra a abordagem biportal (24,5%). Os sistemas de navegação foram de interesse para 84,1% dos participantes, dos quais 30,7% responderam que preferiam a óptica em vez da eletromagnética (18,2%). O uso da robótica foi de interesse para 51,1% dos participantes. O viés dos participantes foi calculado com base no percentual de participação, onde 37% participaram de todos os 3 dias de conferências, 27,2% participaram de 2 dias e 16,3% participaram de apenas um dia. Um quinto dos cirurgiões não participaram das atividades do simpósio e ainda assim responderam à pesquisa. O impacto acadêmico do simpósio de "Cirurgia Minimamente Invasiva e Endoscópica da Coluna Vertebral" foi alto, com 68,1% dos participantes respondendo que têm interesse em treinamento adicional nestas técnicas e 61,1% respondendo que estão prontos para aplicar novos conhecimentos em sua prática médica. Conclusão: O interesse em técnicas cirúrgicas endoscópicas da coluna vertebral é alto entre os membros da AMCICO. Um grande número de cirurgiões está interessado em aprender técnicas cirúrgicas endoscópicas avançadas da coluna vertebral e integrar esta tecnologia como parte de suas ferramentas cirúrgicas para resolver problemas comuns que afetam a coluna com doença degenerativa, além de hérnias de disco e estenoses foraminais. Baseados nas respostas fornecidas pelos cirurgiões participantes, os autores concluem que o impacto acadêmico foi elevado. Nível de evidência III; Estudo retrospectivo.

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Cambiando el paradigma inclusivo: las necesidades educativas personales / Changing the inclusive model: the personal educational needs

RESUMEN El paradigma inclusivo ha supuesto grandes avances en la educación de los estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales, pero ha mantenido su etiquetaje, interpretándolos como quienes deben ser incluidos frente al resto que incluye. En este contexto, el presente artículo apuesta por un cambio hacia un paradigma personalizado en el que no se etiquete a ningún estudiante, sino que cada alumno se considere especial y diferente al resto y pueda recibir una educación adaptada a sus Necesidades Educativas Personales (NEP). Este concepto de NEP permite focalizar la atención y respuesta educativa en lo que cada niño y niña necesita para desarrollar al máximo su potencial individual, evitando caer en reduccionismos de la diversidad que perpetúen las prácticas capacitistas y segregadoras sobre los colectivos más vulnerables. Así, en este trabajo se presenta el enfoque de dicho concepto y el paradigma que lo enmarca, ofreciendo su definición y describiendo los principios en los que se basa. Así mismo, se abordan algunas de las fuentes tanto nacionales como supranacionales que toma como referencia y que justifican y avalan científicamente su propuesta, para finalmente concluir exponiendo las razones por las que este cambio conceptual y paradigmático resulta urgente y prioritario para crear verdaderas escuelas para todos.

ABSTRACT The inclusive paradigm has meant great advances in the education of students with special educational needs, but it has maintained its labeling, interpreting them as those who should be included compared to the rest that it includes. In this context, this article is committed to a change towards a personalized paradigm in which no student is labeled, but rather each student is considered special and different from the rest and can receive an education adapted to their Personal Educational Needs (PEN). This concept of PEN allows attention and educational response to be focused on what each boy and girl needs to develop their individual potential to the maximum, avoiding falling into reductionisms of diversity that perpetuate ableism and segregating practices on the most vulnerable groups. Thus, this paper presents the approach to this concept and the paradigm that frames it, offering its definition and describing the principles on which it is based. Likewise, some of the national and supranational sources that it takes as reference and that justify and scientifically support its proposal are addressed, to finally conclude by explaining the reasons why this conceptual and paradigmatic change is urgent and a priority to create true schools for all.

Healthy aging and care of the older adult with chronic disease: a qualitative needs assessment in 14 eastern and southern Caribbean islands / Envejecimiento saludable y atención de las personas mayores con enfermedades crónicas: evaluación cualitativa de las necesidades en 14 islas del Caribe oriental y meridional / Envelhecimento saudável e atenção à pessoa idosa com doença crônica: avaliação qualitativa das necessidades em 14 ilhas do Caribe oriental e meridional

ABSTRACT The objectives of this qualitative needs assessment were to assess perceived needs of health and social services professionals in the Caribbean Region to enhance services supporting healthy aging and care of older adults and to assess perceived facilitators and barriers to increasing capacity to serve their aging populations. The assessment, informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Science, was conducted in 14 islands in the eastern and southern Caribbean. The results demonstrated need for education of professionals and the general population about the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), assessment and services for individuals with dementia, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and harmful alcohol use, all of which pose significant challenges for older adults. Education of health and social services professionals, families, and the public on the risk factors for NCDs and common mental and physical health problems is critical. Barriers to implementation of educational programs include lack of community awareness and resources within the islands. The needs assessment findings are foundational to planning educational interventions. These will be developed by local health providers with the collaboration and support of external resources including those of the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization Collaborating Centre in Gerontological Nursing Education.

Resumen Los objetivos de esta evaluación cualitativa de las necesidades fueron evaluar las necesidades que perciben los profesionales de la salud y de los servicios sociales en el Caribe a fin de mejorar los servicios de apoyo al envejecimiento saludable y el cuidado de las personas mayores, así como evaluar los factores percibidos como facilitadores y como obstáculos para mejorar su capacidad de atender a la población que está envejeciendo. La evaluación, basada en el marco consolidado para la ciencia de la implementación, se realizó en 14 islas del Caribe oriental y meridional. Los resultados mostraron la necesidad de capacitar a los profesionales y educar a la población en general acerca de la prevención y el tratamiento de las enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT), la evaluación y los servicios para las personas con demencia, alzhéimer, depresión y problemas de consumo nocivo de alcohol, todos los cuales plantean importantes desafíos para las personas mayores. Es imprescindible capacitar a los profesionales de la salud y de los servicios sociales, así como educar a las familias y al público en general sobre los factores de riesgo de las ENT y los problemas de salud mental y física más habituales. Entre los obstáculos a la aplicación de los programas educativos se encuentran la falta de concientización de la comunidad y la falta de recursos en las islas. Los resultados de la evaluación de las necesidades son fundamentales para planificar las intervenciones educativas, que serán formuladas por los prestadores de atención de salud locales con la colaboración y el apoyo de recursos externos, incluidos los del Centro Colaborador de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud/Organización Mundial de la Salud en Educación en Enfermería Gerontológica.

RESUMO Os objetivos desta avaliação qualitativa das necessidades foram avaliar as necessidades percebidas do pessoal da saúde e dos serviços de assistência social na região do Caribe, visando a melhorar os serviços de apoio ao envelhecimento saudável e de atenção às pessoas idosas e determinar os facilitadores e as barreiras percebidos, com vistas a melhorar a capacidade de prestar assistência às populações idosas. Esta avaliação foi realizada com base na Consolidated Framework for Implementation Science em 14 ilhas do Caribe oriental e meridional. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que é necessário prover conhecimento aos profissionais e à população geral sobre a prevenção e o tratamento de doenças não transmissíveis, e a avaliação de pessoas com demência, doença de Alzheimer, depressão e uso prejudicial de álcool e os respectivos serviços, visto que são enormes desafios enfrentados pelas pessoas idosas. É fundamental que o pessoal da saúde e dos serviços sociais, os familiares e o público em geral conheçam os fatores de risco para doenças não transmissíveis e os problemas comuns de saúde mental e física que afligem a população idosa. A falta de sensibilização da comunidade e a escassez de recursos são barreiras à implementação de programas educacionais. As conclusões desta avaliação servem de base para o planejamento de intervenções educacionais a serem desenvolvidas localmente pelo pessoal da saúde, com a colaboração e o apoio de entidades internacionais, como o Centro Colaborador da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde para Educação em Enfermagem Gerontológica.

Dental care for patients with special needs at a private higher education institute / Atendimento odontológico a pacientes com necessidades especiais em uma instituição privada de ensino superior

Objetivo: Pacientes com necessidades especiais são aqueles indivíduos que necessitam de cuidados especiais por tempo indeterminado ou por toda a vida. O presente estudo tem como objetivo abordar o atendimento odontológico de pacientes com necessidades especiais em uma instituição privada de ensino superior da cidade de São Paulo. Material e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, para análise de 210 prontuários odontológicos de pacientes com necessidades especiais atendidos no Departamento de Odontologia para Pacientes Especiais da Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul entre 2012 e 2018. Dados sobre sexo, idade, diagnóstico da condição debilitante, motivo da consulta, uso continuado de medicamentos, imagens radiográficas e tratamentos odontológicos prestados foram todos coletados e posteriormente submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e inferencial (teste do qui-quadrado) ao nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Quanto aos tipos de procedimentos odontológicos avaliados no presente estudo, dos 210 pacientes, 24% necessitaram de tratamentos curativos dentários em que a terapia periodontal foi o tipo mais prevalente, enquanto os tratamentos endodônticos tiveram a menor prevalência, representando apenas 4%. Houve alta prevalência de doenças crônicas sistêmicas, acometendo 56% dos casos, cuja faixa etária era superior a 40 anos. Conclusão: Check-ups odontológicos regulares devem ser priorizados em pacientes com necessidades especiais para evitar intervenções mais invasivas como em nosso grupo (AU)

Objective: Patients with special needs are those individuals who need special care for an undetermined period of time or for lifetime. The present study is aimed to address the dental care of special needs patients at a private higher education institute in the city of São Paulo. Material and Methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was performed for analysis of 210 dental records of special needs patients who were treated at the Dental Department for Special Patients of the Cruzeiro do Sul University between 2012 and 2018. Data on gender, age, diagnosis of the debilitating condition, reason of the consultation, continued use of medications, radiographic images and dental treatments provided were all collected before being submitted to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis (chi-square test) at a significance level of 5%. Results: As for the types of dental procedures assessed in the present study, of the 210 patients, 24% needed dental curative treatments in which periodontal therapy was the most prevalent type, whereas endodontic treatments had the lowest prevalence, representing 4% only. There was a high prevalence of chronic systemic diseases, affecting 56% of the dental records, whose age group was above 40 years old. Conclusion: Regular dental check-ups should be prioritized in patients with special needs to avoid more invasive interventions as found in our group (AU)

Clinical analysis of 172 cases of neonatal death after giving up treatment / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To summarize the situation of dead newborns and their parents after parents gave up treatment, and analyze the reasons and emotional needs of parents who gave up treatment, so as to provide reference for reducing neonatal mortality and negative emotions of parents.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to collect the data of neonates and mothers who died after giving up treatment reported in Hunan Children′s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021. The general information, perinatal risk factors, and the incidence of in-hospital diseases were analyzed. Then, semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of newborns who died after giving up treatment from February to December 2021. Understand why parents give up treatment and their emotional needs.Results:A total of 172 newborns died after giving up were included in the analysis, including 103 males (59.88%) and 74 premature infants (43.02%); Umbilical cord, placenta and amniotic fluid abnormalities were 21 cases (12.21%), 39 cases (22.67%) and 25 cases (14.53%), respectively. Birth asphyxia was 31 cases (18.02%), including severe asphyxia in 18 cases (10.46%); There were 21 (12.21%), 35 (20.35%) and 30 (17.44%) cases of maternal infection in the third trimester, hypertension in pregnancy and diabetes in pregnancy, respectively. The top three causes of death were septicemia (18.02%), congenital malformation (16.86%) and severe pneumonia (10.47%). The main reason why parents give up treatment was that the child′s disease was critical and irreversible, and parents had strong emotional needs for hospice care in their hearts.Conclusions:There are many high risk factors of perinatal death of newborns after giving up treatment. Sepsis is the primary cause of death, and strengthening perinatal health care is fundamental. Parents have a strong demand for hospice care, so it is of practical significance to implement family-centered hospice care model for such special newborns.

Effect of basic psychological needs satisfaction on phubbing behavior among high school students: the mediating effect of fear of missing out and mobile phone addiction / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the mediating roles of the fear of missing out and mobile phone addiction between the basic psychological needs satisfaction and phubbing behavior among high school students.Methods:In April 2022, a cross-sectional design survey was conducted on 14 666 high school students. All participants were evaluated by the basic psychological needs scales(BPNS), generic scale of phubbing(GSP), trait-state fear of missing out scale(T-S FOMOS) and mobile phone addiction index(MPAI). The SPSS 26.0 software was used to conduct common method deviation test, descriptive statistics, and correlation analysis.PROCESS 4.1 was used to construct the model, and the Bootstrap method was used to test for mediating effects.Results:(1)Among the 14 036 high school students, there were 1 752 (12.48%) students who were addicted to mobile phones.There were significant differences in gender in the scores including BPNS(boy: 4.43±0.79, girl: 4.36±0.79), GSP(boy: 2.72±1.01, girl: 2.76±1.03) and T-S FOMOS(boy: 1.73±0.60, girl: 1.84±0.64), ( t=5.22, -10.58, -2.78, all P<0.01). Among different grades, there were significant differences in the scores of BPNS, T-S FOMOS, MPAI, and GSP( F=25.43, 39.50, 53.45, 14.59, all P<0.01). (2)Basic psychological needs score were positively correlated with fear of missing out, mobile phone addiction and phubbing( r=-0.432--0.294, all P<0.01). Phubbing were negatively correlated with fear of missing out and mobile phone addiction( r=0.744, 0.538, both P<0.01). Fear of missing out were negatively correlated with mobile phone( r=0.646, P<0.01). (3)The basic psychological needs satisfaction had a direct effect on phubbing behavior, and the effect value was -0.188 (95% CI: -0.173--0.204). The mediating effect of fear of missing out between the basic psychological needs satisfaction and phubbing behavior was -0.035(95% CI: -0.028--0.042). The mediating effect of mobile phone between the basic psychological needs satisfaction and phubbing behavior was -0.203(95% CI: -0.191--0.214). Fear of missing out and mobile phone addiction played a chain mediating role between them, and the mediating effect value was -0.134(95% CI: -0.125--0.143), which accounted for 23.93%(-0.134/-0.560) of the total effect. Conclusion:The high level basic psychological needs satisfaction can alleviate the occurrence of phubbing behavior. It may be achieved by decreasing fear of missing out and reducing mobile phone addiction.

The status quo and demand analysis of multi-level pre-job training for clinical nursing teachers / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the status quo of multi-level pre-job training for clinical nursing teachers and analyze their training needs, so as to provide reference for the design of pre-job training for clinical nursing teachers.Methods:A cross-sectional survey method was used to investigate 172 clinical nursing teachers in a tertiary general hospital in Harbin from April 2020 to June 2020 with multi-level pre-job training mode. The status quo of pre-job training and the training needs of teachers were analyzed. SPSS 17.0 was used to process the original data statistically.Results:Among the 172 respondents, 138 teachers (80.2%) were under 35 years old, and 133 teachers (77.3%) had a bachelor's degree or less; 89 teachers (51.7%) confirmed that hospitals or departments would carry out pre-job training in a planned and organized way, 10 teachers (5.8%) said that hospitals or departments had never organized training, 41 teachers (23.8%) had never participated in pre-job training, and 80 teachers (46.5%) had participated in pre-job training 1-3 times. There were 5 duplicates in the first 8 training contents of in-hospital training and in-department training, including knowledge of common diseases, nursing procedures, communication skills, hospital rules and regulations, and teaching methods. The total score of training demand was (154.51± 40.35) points, and the overall demand rate was 81.3%, which was at the high level. The dimensions with the highest scoring rate were legal system and humanistic literacy, with a scoring rate of 83.0%. The dimension with the lowest score was teaching management, with a score of 74.9%. The scoring rate of training needs with the highest points won nine items respectively on students' basic quality (self-supervision, willingness to learn, professional quality, etc.) (84.7%), training of legal knowledge (84.4%), incompatibility of drugs commonly used in department (84.3%), nurse etiquette (83.3%), nursing risk prevention (83.1%), evaluation methods of student education (83.1%), nurse-patient communication skills (83.0%), nurses and patients medication observation points of commonly used drugs in the department (83.0%), and effects of commonly used drugs in department (82.9%). Among the top three training forms, 84 students (48.8%) received online learning, 74 students (43.0%) received lectures from experienced teachers in hospitals, and 72 students (41.9%) received experience exchange and sharing seminars.Conclusion:The talent structure of clinical nursing teachers in this hospital is relatively young, and the first education level is low. Therefore, the pre-job training of clinical nursing teachers should be strengthened vigorously. The awareness rate and participation rate of pre-job training are average, so we should strengthen the release of training information from various channels, improve the awareness rate of training activities, clarify the encouragement or reward measures to participate in pre-job training activities, and improve the participation rate of training activities. Pre-job training content is repeated at every level, with a gap between the training needs of teachers in clinical nursing teaching. It's suggested that the teaching hospitals combine with their training objects of training needs, take the online-offline mixed mode of training, reasonably plan training contents as a whole at all levels, avoid training content repetition and waste of teachers, and organize teachers to timely exchange and share experiences.

Design and practice of a blended teaching mode based on SPOC: taking the teaching of medical statistics as an example / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Simply relying on the introduction of online teaching resources on the platforms such as Chinese University Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) to carry out online teaching, it is easy to encounter problems that the teaching resources are inconsistent with the learning situation and teaching syllabus of the students majoring in medical statistics of Binzhou Medical University, the lack of interaction among students, and the untimely teaching feedback. Therefore, on the basis of integrating the MOOC resources, we established asynchronous small private online course (SPOC) online curriculum resources for medical statistics that were suitable for the students of our school. The blended teaching mode of "SPOC+QQ living broadcast" was carried out. Before and after the implementation, two rounds of questionnaires were conducted to understand students' teaching and learning needs and teaching effect evaluation of online teaching, and then the teaching mode was optimized. The results show that the blended teaching mode of "SPOC + QQ living broadcast" designed in this study has the advantages of rich teaching resources, high enthusiasm of students, flexible teaching interaction, timely teaching feedback, and diversified teaching evaluation, which provides a reference for the better development of online and offline blended teaching reform in the future.

What Do Patients Need in the Process of Constructing a Doctor-patient Community with a Shared Future / 中国医学伦理学

Constructing a doctor-patient community with a shared future requires efforts from both the medical supply side and the patient demand side, with special attention to the needs of patients. Continuously meeting and improving the needs of patients is the starting point, ultimate goal, and evaluation standard for constructing a doctor-patient community with a shared future. Therefore, this paper proposed the proposition of "what patients need", that is, what needs do patients have and how to meet their needs. The fundamental needs of patients are to diagnose and treat diseases and recover from illness, which are specifically manifested in the demands to narrate the disease’s feelings, the willingness to participate in medical decision-making, the experience of diagnosis and treatment in the process of medical treatment, and the satisfaction evaluation of the hospital’s performance appraisal. On the basis of clarifying the needs of patients, this paper proposed the paths and methods to meet patients’ needs, and provided new ideas for constructing a doctor-patient community with a shared future.