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Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 1(1): 99-108, jan.mar.2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1380321

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: A alergia ao látex é considerada um problema mundial de saúde por estar associada a reações potencialmente fatais. O objetivo principal deste estudo é identificar fatores clínico-laboratoriais associados à sensibilização e alergia ao látex, avaliando as concentrações de IgE, IgG4 e IgA específicas nestas condições. Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal em uma coorte de 400 crianças e adolescentes com defeito do fechamento do tubo neural. Os pacientes realizaram entrevista clínica e foram submetidos a coleta de sangue periférico para a detecção dos níveis séricos de IgE, IgG4 e IgA específicas para látex. As prevalências de sensibilização e alergia ao látex foram calculadas e as variáveis clínico-laboratoriais coletadas foram analisadas. Resultados: A prevalência de sensibilização e de alergia ao látex em pacientes com defeito de fechamento do tubo neural foi de 33,2% e 12,2%, respectivamente. As manifestações clínicas de alergia ao látex mais frequentes foram as cutâneas (79,6%), mas anafilaxia foi observada em 4,75% dos pacientes. Os fatores clínico-cirúrgicos associados à alergia ao látex foram identificados e um escore de sintomas para rastrear os pacientes foi desenvolvido. A concentração de IgE sérica específica para látex ≥ 0,77 kUA/L tem boa acurácia para diferenciar os pacientes sensibilizados assintomáticos dos alérgicos. As dosagens de IgE sérica específica para alérgenos recombinantes também apresentaram boa acurácia no diagnóstico da alergia. Conclusões: Maior concentração de IgE específica para látex e Hevb5, menor concentração de IgG4 específica para látex e escore de sintomas ≥ 40% estiveram associados com alergia ao látex.


Objective: Latex allergy is considered a global health problem because it is associated with life-threatening reactions. The main objective of this study was to identify clinical and laboratory factors associated with sensitization and allergy to latex, assessing the concentrations of latex-specific IgE, IgG4, and IgA. Methods: This was an observational study of a cohort of 400 children and adolescents with neural tube closure defect. Patients underwent a clinical interview and had their blood drawn for the measurement of serum levels of latex-specific IgE, IgG4, and IgA. The prevalence rates of sensitization and allergy to latex were calculated, and clinical and laboratory variables were analyzed. Results: The prevalence rates of sensitization and allergy to latex in patients with neural tube closure defects were 33.2 and 12.2%, respectively. Cutaneous manifestations of latex allergy were the most common ones (79.6%), but anaphylaxis was observed in 4.75% of the patients. Clinical and surgical factors associated with latex allergy were identified, and a symptom scoring system was developed as a screening tool. A latex-specific IgE concentration ≥ 0.77 kUA/L showed good accuracy to differentiate between asymptomatic sensitization and allergy. The measurement of specific IgE to recombinant allergens also showed good accuracy in the diagnosis of allergy. Conclusions: Higher concentrations of latex-specific IgE and Hevb5, lower concentrations of latex-specific IgG4, and a symptom score ≥ 40% were associated with latex allergy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , History, 21st Century , Immunoglobulin A , Immunoglobulin E , Immunoglobulin G , Latex Hypersensitivity , Neural Tube Defects , Patients , Allergens , Prevalence , Diagnosis
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