ABSTRACT
?AIM:To establish a suitable normative reference value for electroretinogram ( ERG ) testing using electroencephalogram ( EEG) skin electrodes.?METHODS: The ERG was recorded in 51 eyes ( 30 people ) who were normal after ophthalmologic examination in our department from March to September 2015 using skin electrodes and contact lens electrodes. The recorded result was reviewed and analyzed, and all the testings were recorded by the routine program.?RESULTS: The 95% confidential interval, mean or median of values was defined in amplitudes and latencies of various responses. All the amplitudes results of skin electrodes were significantly lower than those of the contact lens electrodes and the ratio ( amplitudes of skin electrodes to those of the contact lens electrodes ) was 20% to 30%. The latencies results of skin electrodes were significantly shorter than those of contact lens electrodes and the ratio was 95% to 96%.?CONCLUSION:The EEG skin electrode used for patients with low compliance may provide valuable information of retinal function.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To establish normative value of multiple segments motor nerve conduction of bilateral median nerve and ulnar nerve, including motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV)、latency (LAT)and amplitude (AMP). Method: Two hundred normal volunteers were divided into 5 groups according to different ages. Median nerve was examined at multiple points: palm, wrist, elbow, axilla and Erb's. Ulnar nerve was examined at multiple points: wrist, below elbow, above elbow, axilla and Erb's. The values of segmental MCV, LAT and AMP were recorded. Result: Gender and sidedness had no effect on MCV, LAT and AMP of median nerve and ulnar nerve. However, age had significant effects on MCV, LAT and AMP of median nerve and AMP of ulnar nerve. Conclusion: The examination of multiple segments motor nerve conduction of bilateral median nerve and ulnar nerve possess important value in diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to obtain the normative values for variable parameters of lumbar function with the isoinertial triaxial dynamometer in normal subjects and to compare these values with those of the patients with chronic low back pain. In 82 normal subjects and 27 patients with chronic low back pain, the variable parameters including lumbar range of motion (ROM), maximum isometric torques, and maximum isoinertial velocities were measured with the isoinertial triaxial dynamometer in three axes (rotation, flexion-extension, and lateral flexion). In normal subjects, all parameters except lumbar ROM of all three axes were significantly higher in the male group than the female group. However, other anthropometric variables such as age, height, weight, and body mass index were little correlated with each parameter. Therefore, the normative values were obtained only in consideration of the gender. In patients with chronic low back pain, all parameters except the maximum isometric torques in the female group were significantly lower than those in normal subjects. In addition, the decrease of maximum velocities during the isoinertial exercise was highly correlated to verbal rating scales (VRS) in most axes, especially in the female patient group, but the duration of low back pain was little correlated with the various parameters measured with the isoinertial triaxial dynamometer. In conclusion, all parameters measured with the isoinertial triaxial dynamometer in all three axes were significantly lower in patients with chronic low back pain than those in normal subjects except maximum isometric torques of female group. It was suggested that maximum isoinertial velocities were more reliable and significant than maximum isometric torques for the objective assessment of chronic low back pain.