ABSTRACT
Mesolimbic areas such as nucleus accumbens, amygdala and septal nuclei are known to influence food intake and body weight. However, the reports on gender difference in the neural regulation of obesity and energy homeostasis are incomplete. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the effect of lesions of nucleus septal medialis (NSM) and the gender difference of lesion on food intake (FI), body weight (BW), serum lipid profile, thyroid profile, glucose and insulin levels and glucoseinsulin ratio (GIR) in Wistar albino rats. Twenty-four rats were divided equally into control and experimental groups having 6 male and 6 female rats in each group. In the experimental group, bilateral electrolytic lesion of NSM was performed by stereotaxy and post-lesion parameters were recorded. In the control group, sham-lesions of NSM were produced. Following lesion, blood glucose and serum insulin levels were decreased and GIR was increased significantly in female rats, but not in male rats. It was concluded that NSM is involved in energy homeostasis, especially in female rats.