ABSTRACT
Introducción: en Enfermería el reconocimiento de los patrones emancipatorio y sociopolítico en la práctica no es evidente. Esta identificación permite la cualificación del cuidado en áreas de gran complejidad como la oncológica, que afecta a población infantil y a sus familias. Objetivo: conocer el significado de los patrones de conocimiento sociopolítico y emancipatorio en los profesionales de Enfermería durante el cuidado de los niños con cáncer y sus familias. Metodología: estudio cualitativo etnográfico en el que se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a diez enfermeros con experiencias entre los seis meses y diecisiete años trabajando con población oncológica pediátrica. Y observaciones no participantes en dos instituciones de salud, una privada y otra pública. Los datos se estudiaron bajo el procedimiento de análisis propuesto por Michael Angrosino, que consta de las fases: gestión de datos, lectura general y clasificación de temas. Resultados: como producto del análisis de la información se establecieron tres grandes temas: contexto de cuidado; cuidado de enfermería; y expresiones de los patrones sociopolítico y emancipatorio en el cuidado. En la discusión se articularon los resultados con la teoría de Sistemas de Imogene King. Conclusiones: a partir de la interacción de los enfermeros con los pacientes y sus familias se logró identificar que estrategias como la educación, el seguimiento, la gestión de casos y de trámites administrativos son formas de fortalecer la gobernanza compartida y la equidad social, los cuales son índices de credibilidad de los patrones sociopolítico y emancipatorio.
Introduction: In Nursing, the recognition of emancipatory and sociopolitical patterns in practice is not evident. This identification allows the qualification of care in areas of great complexity such as oncology, which affects children and their families. Objective: To know the meaning of sociopolitical and emancipatory knowledge patterns in nursing professionals during the care of children with cancer and their families. Methodology: Qualitative ethnographic study in which semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten nurses with experiences between six months and seventeen years working with pediatric oncology population. And non-participant observations in two health institutions, one private and one public. The data were studied under the analysis procedure proposed by Michael Angrosino, which consists of the following phases: data management, general reading and classification of themes. Results: As a result of the analysis of the information, three major themes were established: context of care; nursing care; and expressions of sociopolitical and emancipatory patterns in care. In the discussion, the results were articulated with Imogene King's Systems theory. Conclusions: Based on the interaction of nurses with patients and their families, it was possible to identify that strategies such as education, follow-up, case management and administrative procedures are ways of strengthening shared governance and social equity, which are indices of credibility of sociopolitical and emancipatory patterns.
Subject(s)
Humans , Nursing Care , Oncology Nursing , Clinical Governance , Cancer Survivors , Shared Governance, NursingABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of nursing intervention based on clinical nursing practice guidelines for pressure ulcer prevention in orthopaedic patients. 30 orthopaedic patients, aged 15 years and over who had risks of pressure ulcers and were admitted to the male orthopaedic ward at Nopparatrajathanee Hospital between January 1st and March 8th, 2003 were enrolled in this study. These 30 patients were divided into 2 groups; 15 patients in the experimental group who received nursing intervention according to the Clinical Nursing Practic Guidelines for Pressure Ulcer Prevention and 15 patients in the control group who received regular nursing care. Data was collected daily beginning at hospital admission until they were discharged from the hospital, referred to other wards or until the patients with no longer at risk of developing a pressure ulcer. The results revealed that most of the orthopaedic patients with risk pressure ulcers were adolescents to middle age adults (15-59 years). Most of them had multiple fractures. The patients in the experimental group developed no pressure ulcers, while 26.7% (4 patients) of patients who received regular nursing care as given by the nursing staff developed pressure ulcers. The patients who developed pressure ulcers had a low to high risk of pressure ulcers (Braden score 12-16) and most of them had high body temperature at initial admission (3 in 4 patients). Pressure ulcers developed on the 4th - 6th day of hospitalization and the severity of the skin lesions progressed from stage 1 to stage 2 or 3 within 2 weeks. The pressure ulcers were located at the coccyx and buttocks. The results indicated that nursing intervention utilizing the Clinical Nursing practice Guidelines for Pressure Ulcer Prevention could prevent pressure ulcers effectively. Developing strategies to implement these guidelines as standard care for orthopaedic patients as well as developing strategies help make this kind of care part of ongoing treatment are strongly recommended. Patients’ and caregivers’ participation should be promoted. The contribution of this finding is also crucial because these guidelines still require feedback to assist in their further improvement.