Ocular manifestations in moderate-to-severe psoriasis in India: A prospective observational study

Purpose: Ocular manifestations in psoriasis are due to direct eye involvement with psoriatic plaques or psoriasis?related, immune?mediated inflammatory processes. The commonly reported pathologies are blepharitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, dry eyes, and uveitis. Limited data is available on the ocular findings in psoriasis patients in India. In this study, we evaluated various ocular changes associated with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, treatment?naive psoriasis patients with Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) score of more than 10 were included. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, Schirmer’s score, tear film breakup time (TBUT), corneal and conjunctival staining score, and meibomian gland dysfunction score were noted. All these parameters were re?evaluated at 8 weeks of follow?up after systemic treatment. Results: Sixty-eight patients were enrolled in the study. The most common ocular pathologies observed in this study were tarsal hyperemia and anterior blepharitis in 128 (94.1%) and 64 (47%) eyes, respectively. Mild, moderate, and severe dry eyes were seen in 26 (19.1%), 14 (10.2%), and 34 (25%) eyes, respectively. Thirty?nine (57.3%) patients complained of significant difficulty watching television or digital screen. In 21 patients evaluated on follow?up at 8 weeks, cornea and conjunctiva’s ocular surface staining score increased and TBUT decreased significantly. Conclusion: The most common ocular pathologies observed in this study were anterior blepharitis and moderate dry eye, which significantly affected most patients’ daily routines. Screening patients with greater severity of psoriasis would help in early management of such problems.

Research progress of ophthalmic examination in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurological degenerative disease that is insidious onset. The main pathological features are deposition of amyloid β(Aβ)and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau protein. In recent years, studies have found that the manifestations of AD exist not only in the brain but also in the eyes, such as impaired visual function, changes in the pupil, Aβ deposition in the lens, changes in the retina and choroid, and so on. These ocular manifestations provide clues to the early diagnosis of AD and have positive clinical and social significance. Therefore, this article reviews the ocular manifestations of AD and their use as biomarkers for diagnosis and progression.

Research progress of ophthalmic examination in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurological degenerative disease that is insidious onset. The main pathological features are deposition of amyloid β(Aβ)and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau protein. In recent years, studies have found that the manifestations of AD exist not only in the brain but also in the eyes, such as impaired visual function, changes in the pupil, Aβ deposition in the lens, changes in the retina and choroid, and so on. These ocular manifestations provide clues to the early diagnosis of AD and have positive clinical and social significance. Therefore, this article reviews the ocular manifestations of AD and their use as biomarkers for diagnosis and progression.

Manifestaciones oculares de la enfermedad de Gaucher: presentación de un caso y revisión del tema / Ocular manifestations of Gaucher disease: case report and literature review / Manifestações oculares da doença de Gaucher: apresentação de um caso e revisão do assunto

RESUMEN Se informa el caso de una paciente con enfermedad de Gaucher (EG) tipo 3b con mutación homocigota en el gen GBA (c.1448T>C p.L483P) (L444P). Se describen los hallazgos oculares característicos de esta mutación, que incluyen condensaciones vítreas y edema macular. Hasta donde sabemos, es el primer caso informado en Colombia con estas características. Se presenta además una revisión sobre las manifestaciones oculares de esta enfermedad.

SUMMARY We report the case of a patient with Gaucher disease (GD) type 3b, with a homozygous GBA gene mutation (c.1448T > C p.L483P) (L444P). Ocular findings characteristic of this mutation are described, including vitreous condensation and macular edema. To our knowledge this is the first case reported in Colombia with these characteristics. A review of the ocular manifestations of this disease is also presented.

RESUMO Se informa o caso de uma paciente com doença de Gaucher (EG) tipo 3b com mutação homozigoto no gene GBA (c.1448T>C p.L483P) (L444P). Se descrevem as descobertas oculares características desta mutação, que incluem condensações vítreas e edema macular. Até onde sabemos, é o primeiro caso informado na Colômbia com estas características. Se apresenta ademais uma revisão sobre as manifestações oculares desta doença.

Williams Syndrome with Ocular Manifestations

PURPOSE: To report two cases of Williams syndrome with ocular manifestations CASE SUMMARY: A 5-year-old boy who was diagnosed with Williams syndrome visited our hospital for ophthalmic examination. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in both eyes was 0.6. He had myopic astigmatism and 8 prism diopters of esotropia. Oval-shaped pupil with a stellate pattern of the iris and increased retinal vascular tortuosity were seen in both eyes. Another case of an 8-year-old boy with Williams syndrome also had myopia in both eyes. BCVA was 0.7 in the right eye and 0.4 in the left eye. A stellate pattern of the iris and increased retinal vascular tortuosity were also seen in both eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Williams syndrome, deletion of 7q11.23, has ocular anomalies including a stellate pattern of the iris, refractive errors, amblyopia, and strabismus. Therefore, careful ophthalmic examination should be considered when children are diagnosed with Williams syndrome.

Clinical Features and Risk Factors of Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of severe manifestation of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis using medical records from 106 patients diagnosed with herpes zoster ophthalmicus from January 2012 to June 2015. Patients were classified according to the type and frequency of ophthalmologic manifestations. Patients with conjunctivitis, punctate keratitis, and pseudodendritic keratitis were classified into the mild group, whereas patients with deep stromal keratitis, endothelitis, scleritis, glaucoma, and extraocular muscle paralysis were classified into the severe group. The age, sex, severity, location of skin lesions, delayed time to treatment, the presence of Hutchinson's sign, and associated systemic diseases were compared between the groups. In addition, we investigated changes in vision, intraocular pressure, treatment duration, recurrence and the prevalence of postherpetic neuralgia. RESULTS: The incidence of conjunctivitis (47.2%), punctate keratitis (42.5%), pseudodendritic keratitis (12.2%), deep stromal keratitis (12.2%), endothelitis (15.1%), scleritis (18.9%), glaucoma (14.2%), and extraocular muscle (EOM) paralysis (4.7%) were observed in these patients. The group with mild disease included 70 cases with conjunctivitis, punctate keratitis and pseudodendritic keratitis. The severe group included 36 cases with deep stromal keratitis, endothelitis, scleritis, glaucoma and EOM palsy. Disease most often occurred in the distribution of the first branch of the trigeminal nerve, with no differences in the age or sex of patients in both groups. Severe manifestations were more common when a greater extent of the skin was involved, when Hutchinson's sign was present, or when treatment was significantly delayed. There were no significant differences between the two groups in recurrence or the presence of postherpetic neuralgia. CONCLUSION: Long-term treatment for herpes zoster opthalmicus is more likely to be required if severe manifestation of disease exists, such as widespread skin involvement, Hutchinson's sign, or a delay to the initiation of antiviral treatment. More active observation and treatment are required in such cases.

Ocular Manifestations of Pediatric Systemic Disease / 한양의대학술지

Pediatric diseases are important because diagnosis and care for these can be complex. Among them, specific diseases have been associated with ocular involvement. This review presents the ocular manifestations of various pediatric diseases relevant to the clinician. An array of ocular manifestations of hyperthyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, diabetes mellitus, porphyria, cystinosis, mucopolysaccharidosis, Wilson disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Marfan syndrome, Weill-Marchesani syndrome are described. In this review we will review ocular manifestations of systemic pediatric diseases for comprehensive understanding of eye involvement. With this review, authors can recognize the ocular manifestations for diagnosis and management of pediatric systemic diseases.

Study of ocular manifestations in children of thalassemia.

Background: Purpose of current study was to study the ocular manifestations in beta-thalassemia major patients and assess the ocular side-effects of iron chelating agents. Methods: Cross sectional study included 45 β Thalassemia major patients from age group of 6months to 12 years were taken. Full medical history, thorough physical examinations were done to all patients groups, and ophthalmological examination to determine the prevalence of ocular manifestations for all patient groups and to correlate these manifestations or changes with iron chelating agents. Results: In 45 patients (22 males and 23 females) with age ranging between 2 years to 12 years, ocular involvement is seen in 35% in the form of decreased visual acuity 26%, tortuous blood vessels in 4.5%, disc hyperemia in 4.5%, heterochromia in 2.5%, retinal pigment epithelium mottling in2.5% and this involvement were more with older age group. Conclusion: Most of the ocular changes of beta thalassemia are attributed to the course and severity of the disease. Reduction in serum iron and serum Ferritin levels by iron- chelating agents and regular ocular examination to look for side-effects of such agents can aid in preventing or delaying ocular complications.

Acute Ocular Manifestations after an Accidental Hydrofluoric Acid Release

PURPOSE: To report the ocular health of a community after an accidental release of hydrofluoric acid (HF). METHODS: The hospital records of 327 patients that were exposed to HF between Sep 9, 2012 and Oct 31, 2012 were reviewed. Demographic characteristics, subjective ocular symptoms, and the ophthalmologic examination results of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Among the 327 patients, 203 patients (62.1%) were exposed to hydrofluoric acid (HF) within 1,000 m of the site of the accident. A total of 131 patients (40.1%) were exposed to HF over 3 days. The most frequently reported ocular symptoms after HF exposure were ocular pain (49.5%) and conjunctival hyperemia (37.9%). Conjunctival hyperemia (43.4%), corneal erosion (23.9%), conjunctiva papilla, and follicles (24.2% and 14.4%, respectively) were noted during ophthalmologic examinations, but 46.2% of patients were normal on examination. None of the patients had vision-threatening damages. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, severe ocular surface changes, which can affect vision, were not identified. This result could be explained by the low atmospheric HF concentration after the accident.