ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the perioperative management and infection prevention methods for acute eye diseases during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19).@*Methods@#Since the COVID-19 was included in the Class B infectious diseases and was managed according to Class A infectious diseases in China, 127 patients who underwent ophthalmic surgery were enrolled at First Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University from January 21 to February 19,2020. The perioperative management according to the national epidemic prevention and control requirements was summarized, and the perioperative clinical management that should be taken during the epidemic prevention period were discussed.@*Results@#One hundred and twenty-seven patients underwent ophthalmic surgeries, including emergency surgery, daytime surgery and other surgeries for sight-threatening diseases. The methods of anesthesia included general anesthesia, local anesthesia and ocular superficial anesthesia. According to the national epidemic prevention and control requirements, epidemic screening for these patients and infectious managing measures were performed during the perioperative period, including the sterilization of relevant environment and equipments, the personal medical prevention and protection for medical staffs and patients, which made surealltheoperationswent smoothlyand safely. There were no 2019-nCoV infection, surgical-relative infection, crossing infection and operation-related complications occurred. Meanwhile, there were not COVID-19-related infection events of medical staffs. The air sampling compliance rate in the operating room, ward, examination and other areas was 100%.@*Conclusions@#During the prevention and control period of the epidemic of COVID-19, strict adherence to the prevention and control measures can effectively ensure the smooth implementation of the operation and the perioperative safety of medical staff and patients.
ABSTRACT
@#With the development and prevalence of artificial intelligence(AI), the application of AI has become a global trend in medical field recent years. The combination of AI and clinical medicine is becoming a hot spot in medical research. It is remarkable that the AI based on deep learning(DL)has achieved great accomplishments in image recognition, speech recognition and natural language processing, especially the application of convolutional neural network(CNN)in image recognition. CNN has been applied to the detection and diagnosis of various of ophthalmological diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. Meanwhile, there are many public databases on ocular including large amount of images of fundus photographs, optical coherence tomography and visual field for researchers to train and test the AI algorithms. However, training the algorithm based on AI technology is still costly and time-consuming. The medical ethic of AI is another challengefor its application. Although DL has bought revolutionary change in ophthalmology field, it still has a long way to go for its world wide application. The article aims to synthesize the researches on the applications of AI technology in ophthalmology, and give a review on the present situation, existing problems and future outlook.
ABSTRACT
Introdução: a integridade da visão é indispensável para o desempenho escolar. Cerca de 7,5 milhões de crianças são portadoras de alguma deficiência visual e apenas 25% delas apresentam sintomas. Diante disso, ações de promoção de saúde assumem importância decisiva, o que justifica a realização deste projeto. Metodologia: o projeto realizou atriagem oftalmológica de 182 crianças, por meio do teste de Snellen, na Escola Estadual Ilídio Caixeta, em Patos de Minas, de acordo com os padrões exigidos pela OMS. Foram encaminhados para o serviço de Oftalmologia aqueles que possuíam acuidade visual ? 0,7.Diante da ausência de oftalmologistas na rede pública em Patos de Minas, três aceitaram participar voluntariamente, atendendo em seus consultórios sem cobrar honorários. Quando houve necessidade de aquisição de óculos, estes foram oferecidos por meio da parceriacom a entidade Rotary Guaratinga. Resultados e discussão: das 182 crianças avaliadas 20,87% tinham baixa acuidade visual. Percebeu-se também que 78,94% das crianças nunca realizaram consultas oftalmológicas anteriores, comprovando de fato o acesso restritoa poucos. Posteriormente às consultas, os resultados mostraram que 60% necessitaram de óculos. Conclusão: o reconhecimento do projeto fora tão marcante que a análise da acuidade visual de escolares de Patos de Minas foi inserida na grade curricular do 2° período do curso de Medicina do UNIPAM. Portanto, a prevenção e a detecção precoce dedeficiências visuais são os melhores recursos para combate à visão subnormal e devem ser feitas, preferencialmente, na infância, podendo ser corrigidas com terapêutica adequada.
Introduction: Vision integrity is essential for school performance. About 7.5 million children are visually impaired and only 25% of them present symptoms. Therefore, actions for health promotion take decisive importance, which justifies the realization of this project. Methodology:The project held ophthalmic screening of 182 children through the Snellen chart, on the School Escola Estadual Ilídio Caixeta in Patos de Minas, according to the standards required by WHO. Those presenting visual acuity ? 0.7 were referred to ophthalmologic service. Due to the absence of ophthalmologists working for public health system in Patos de Minas, three ophthalmologists agreed to participate voluntarily, attending medical consults without charging fees. When there was need to purchase glasses, they were offered by a partnership with the Rotary entity Guaratinga. Results and Discussion: Of the 182 children evaluated, 20.87% had low visual acuity. We also noticed that 78.94% of children never made previous ophthalmologic consultations, proving in fact the access is restricted to few. After the consultations, results showed that 60% needed glasses. Conclusion: The recognition of the project was so great that the analysis of visual acuity school Patos de Minas was included in the curriculum of 2nd period of the medical course of UNIPAM. Therefore, prevention and early detection of visual impairment are the best resourcesfor combating low vision and must be made, preferably, in childhood and can be corrected by appropriate treatment.