Correlation of oxidation reduction potential and total motile sperm count: Its utility in the evaluation of male fertility potential / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Oxidative stress (OS) is detrimental to sperm functions, and the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) is a good measure of OS as it considers the balance between oxidants and reductants. Total motile sperm count (TMSC) is viewed as the single most important semen analysis parameter that can predict male infertility severity, and its correlation with ORP has never been undertaken. The objectives of this study were to assess the correlation between ORP and TMSC, to identify the ORP cutoff value based on the TMSC result, and to compare this cutoff value with previously reported ORP cutoff values in literature. One thousand one hundred and sixty-eight infertile patients and 100 fertile controls were enrolled. Demographic and semen data of the participants were retrieved and analyzed. Wilcoxon's rank-sum test compared variables between infertile men and fertile controls; Spearman's correlation assessed the static ORP (sORP)-TMSC relationship for the whole sample and among each group individually. Using a 20×106TMSC threshold, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis determined the sORP cutoff associated with the highest predictive values. TMSC was significantly negatively correlated with sORP across all participants (r = 0.86, P < 0.001), among infertile patients (r = 0.729, P < 0.001), and among fertile controls (r = 0.53, P < 0.001). A 20-million TMSC threshold determined an sORP cutoff value of 2.34 mV/106sperm/ml to be associated with 82.9% sensitivity, 82.8% specificity, 91.5% positive predictive value (PPV), 68.5% negative predictive value (NPV), and 82.9% overall accuracy. Compared with previously reported cutoff values in searched literature, the 2.34 mV/106sperm/ml cutoff value identified in our study yielded the highest overall diagnostic accuracy in the evaluation of infertile men.

Multi-center evaluation of oxidation-reduction potential by the MiOXSYS in males with abnormal semen / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), oxidative stress (OS) is a significant contributor to male infertility. Seminal OS can be measured by a number of assays, all of which are either costly or time sensitive and/or require large semen volume and complex instrumentation. One less expensive alternative is to quantify the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) with the MiOXSYS. In this international multi-center study, we assessed whether ORP levels measured by the MiOXSYS could distinguish semen samples that fall within the 2010 WHO normal reference values from those that do not. Semen samples were collected from 2092 patients in 9 countries; ORP was normalized to sperm concentration (mV/106 sperm/ml). Only those samples with a concentration >1 × 106 sperm ml-1 were included. The results showed that 199 samples fell within the WHO normal reference range while the remaining 1893 samples did not meet one or more of the criteria. ORP was negatively correlated with all semen parameters (P < 0.01) except volume. The area under the curve for ORP was 0.765. The ORP cut-off value (1.34 mV/106 sperm/ml) was able to differentiate specimens with abnormal semen parameters with 98.1% sensitivity, 40.6% specificity, 94.7% positive predictive value (PPV) and 66.6% negative predictive value (NPV). When used as an adjunct to traditional semen analysis, ORP levels may help identify altered functional status of spermatozoa caused by OS in cases of idiopathic male infertility and in male partners of couples suffering recurrent pregnancy loss, and thereby directing these men to relevant medical therapies and lifestyle modifications.

Multi-center evaluation of oxidation-reduction potential by the MiOXSYS in males with abnormal semen / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), oxidative stress (OS) is a significant contributor to male infertility. Seminal OS can be measured by a number of assays, all of which are either costly or time sensitive and/or require large semen volume and complex instrumentation. One less expensive alternative is to quantify the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) with the MiOXSYS. In this international multi-center study, we assessed whether ORP levels measured by the MiOXSYS could distinguish semen samples that fall within the 2010 WHO normal reference values from those that do not. Semen samples were collected from 2092 patients in 9 countries; ORP was normalized to sperm concentration (mV/106 sperm/ml). Only those samples with a concentration >1 × 106 sperm ml-1 were included. The results showed that 199 samples fell within the WHO normal reference range while the remaining 1893 samples did not meet one or more of the criteria. ORP was negatively correlated with all semen parameters (P < 0.01) except volume. The area under the curve for ORP was 0.765. The ORP cut-off value (1.34 mV/106 sperm/ml) was able to differentiate specimens with abnormal semen parameters with 98.1% sensitivity, 40.6% specificity, 94.7% positive predictive value (PPV) and 66.6% negative predictive value (NPV). When used as an adjunct to traditional semen analysis, ORP levels may help identify altered functional status of spermatozoa caused by OS in cases of idiopathic male infertility and in male partners of couples suffering recurrent pregnancy loss, and thereby directing these men to relevant medical therapies and lifestyle modifications.

Male Oxidative Stress Infertility (MOSI): Proposed Terminology and Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Idiopathic Male Infertility

Despite advances in the field of male reproductive health, idiopathic male infertility, in which a man has altered semen characteristics without an identifiable cause and there is no female factor infertility, remains a challenging condition to diagnose and manage. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress (OS) plays an independent role in the etiology of male infertility, with 30% to 80% of infertile men having elevated seminal reactive oxygen species levels. OS can negatively affect fertility via a number of pathways, including interference with capacitation and possible damage to sperm membrane and DNA, which may impair the sperm's potential to fertilize an egg and develop into a healthy embryo. Adequate evaluation of male reproductive potential should therefore include an assessment of sperm OS. We propose the term Male Oxidative Stress Infertility, or MOSI, as a novel descriptor for infertile men with abnormal semen characteristics and OS, including many patients who were previously classified as having idiopathic male infertility. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) can be a useful clinical biomarker for the classification of MOSI, as it takes into account the levels of both oxidants and reductants (antioxidants). Current treatment protocols for OS, including the use of antioxidants, are not evidence-based and have the potential for complications and increased healthcare-related expenditures. Utilizing an easy, reproducible, and cost-effective test to measure ORP may provide a more targeted, reliable approach for administering antioxidant therapy while minimizing the risk of antioxidant overdose. With the increasing awareness and understanding of MOSI as a distinct male infertility diagnosis, future research endeavors can facilitate the development of evidence-based treatments that target its underlying cause.

Hydrogen productivity of hydrogen-rich sticks increased by ammonium salt / 军事医学

Objective To measure the catalytic effect of ammonium salt solution on hydrogen production , and analyze the relationships between hydrogen concentration and oxygen concentration , oxidation-reduction potential , and pH in solution . Methods Magnesium and water reacted at different concentrations of NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, NH4HCO3,(NH4)2CO3, NaHCO3 and Na2SO3 in 40℃water bath for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 hours, and above-mentioned four indicators of ammonium salt solution were measured after these reactions .Results The hydrogen concentration in the solution increased with the reaction time and the concentration of the ammonium salt solution .Oxygen concentration and oxidation-reduction potential decreased .The hydrogen concentration in the solution was significantly negatively correlated with the oxygen concentration (r=-0.984).pH increased with the hydrogen concentration in the ammonium salt solution .Conclusion The ammonium salt solution has a good catalytic effect on magnesium and water reaction .NH4Cl has the strongest catalytic effect under the same reaction conditions,followed by (NH4)2SO4, NH4HCO3 and (NH4)2CO3.Thus, this study can provide detailed data on hydrogen production in different solutions .

Hydrogen-rich water prepared by hydrogen rods:an experimental study / 军事医学

Objective To verify the efficiency and stability of hydrogen-rich water preparation with hydrogen-rich rods. Methods ①Seven firenew hydrogen-rich rods were separately placed in seven plastic bottles, each filled with distilled water and soaked for 6 h, before the hydrogen concentration of the water was measured.This process was repeated 10 times.②After the hydrogen-rich rods with the strongest and weakest hydrogen product capacity were removed, the remaining 5 hydrogen-rich rods were placed separately into 5 plastic bottles filled with distilled water,put in a water bath pot at 20,40 and 60℃, respectively, and kept for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h, respectively.Then, the hydrogen concentration, oxidation-reduction potential(ORP),and dissolved oxygen concentration(DO) were measured at various time points.③In order to determine the hydrogen emission rate from the hydrogen-rich water, the hydrogen-rich rods were constantly kept in some samples and the others were removed.All the sample bottle caps were kept open during the experimental process, and the hydrogen concentration was measured at such time points as 0, 10 and 30 min, 1, 2, 5, 12, 24, 30, 48 and 72 h, respectively.Results ①The hydrogen-rich rods used in this study could well meet the requirements.②When the environment temperature was kept constant, the hydrogen concentration of the water was increased with the soaking time of the hydrogen-rich rods, and the ORP of the water was reduced.However, the DO of the water was decreased with the rise of the environment temperature.③When the hydrogen-rich water was kept in opened plastic bottles with a 25 mm oral diameter, the hydrogen concentration of the samples with the hydrogen-rich rods reserved was almost about 0.50 ppm until 72 h, and that of the others was reduced to almost 0 ppm.Conclusion Our results demonstrate that the hydrogen-rich rods test is a simple and effective method for preparing hydrogen-rich water, which will be an valuable and useful method for using hydrogen-rich water in health promotion and prevention of chronic diseases.

Correlation between the Changes of Oxidation Reduction Potential Values and Post-mortem Interval of Heart Blood in Rabbits after Death / 法医学杂志

Objective To investigate correlation between the changes of oxidation reduction potential (ORP ) values of heart blood in rabbits after death and postm ortem interval (PMI) at different temperatures. Meth-ods Forty-eight rabbits were random ly divided into 6 groups and sacrificed by air em bolism . Blood sam-ples were taken from the right ventricle of each rabbit and stored at different temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30and 35℃, respectively. Every 4 hours from 0h to 132 hpostm ortem , the ORP values of the blood samples were measured at different intervals by PB-21 electrochem ical analyzer. The curvilinear regres-sion equation was established by SPSS 17.0software. The surface equation and 3D surface diagram were established by MATL A B7.10.0software. Results The ORP values at different temperatures of heart blood in rabbits were highly correlated with the PMI. The ORP values rised obviously when the temper-ature was high and rised slowly when the temperature was low. The surface equation and 3D surface diagram were obtained. Conclusion The surface equation and 3D surface diagram of ORP values and PMI may be used for PMI estimation at different temperatures.

Changes in Oxidative Stress Indices of Saliva by Menstrual Cycle and Endurance Exercise / 日本補完代替医療学会誌

The purpose of this study was to investigate moderate endurance exercise-induced changes in oxidative stress in different phases of the menstrual cycle. We used saliva samples which can be collected non-invasively. The resting oxidative stress levels determined by oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) were significantly higher in the menstrual phase than the follicular and luteal phases. The ORP significantly increased 30 minutes after exercise started and at the end of the 60 minute exercise session in the follicular phase. The menstrual cycle may affect oxidative stress levels at rest among young women, whereas moderate endurance exercise is likely to increase oxidative stress in the follicular phase.<br>

Effects of Spa Spring Water on Electrodermal Activity / 日本温泉気候物理医学会雑誌

<b>Purpose</b><br> Electrodermal activity (EDA) is well known to be influenced by sympathetic activity. Although spa bathing alters autonomic nervous function, the effects of spa bathing on EDA have not been determined. We therefore examined the influence of spa bathng on EDA and autonomic nervous function. <br><b>Method</b><br> When a gold electrode in test solution and another electrode on the palm were connected to a voltmeter and the index finger was inserted into the test solution, the maximum change of potential shown on the voltmeter was considered as EDA. Several kinds of spa water, tap water, refined water and alkaline ion water were used as test solutions. Electric conductivity, pH, oxidation reduction potential (ORP) and temperature were also measured. Five adult women participated in these tests.<br>To examine influences on the autonomic nervous system, Fourier analysis of the RR interval of heart rate was perforrned for three volunteers using electrocardiography before and after bathing in sulfur spa or tap water. <br><b>Results</b><br> EDA displayed an extremely positive correlation to ORP, a weak negative correlation to pH and barely any relationship to electric conductivity of test solutions. Spectrum density at 0.04-0.15 Hz under Fourier analysis (LF) increased after sulfur bathing, but decreased after tap water bathing.<br>Discussion and conclusion : As EDA strongly correlated to ORP of solutions, epidermal cells may generate electric potential by extracellular ORP which may also produce intracellular electric potential altering membrane potential and consequently autonomic nervous functions might be influenced by the changed EDA.<br> Since LF is consider to mainly comprise a parasympathetic component in resting state, the results of LF may indicate that the balance of autonomic nervous activity of the heart becomes more parasympathetic dominant after sulfur bathing and more sympathetic dominant after tap water bathing.<br>From above mentioned, bathing may have an electric influence on the human body by the ORP of bathing water.

Influence of the direct moxibustion and moxa-needle stimulation on the epidermal local-Using the oxidation-reduction potential and hydrogen ion concentration as parameters- / 全日本鍼灸学会雑誌

[Objective]To clarify that acupuncture of Cu and Zn at dynamic acupoints had significantly decreased oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in the local epidermis. In this study, we evaluated the influences of moxibustion on the ORP and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the local epidermis.<BR>[Methods]In volunteers and patient groups, direct moxibustion, moxa-needle and BANSHIN were performed.<BR>[Results]In all stimulation methods, the ORP showed no changes at non-acupoints, but it significantly decreased at dynamic acupoints. A significant decrease in pH was observed after direct moxibustion at both non-acupoints and dynamic acupoints. On the contrary, pH showed a significant increase after moxa-needle, and radiant heat of which had been cut off.<BR>[Conclusion]Direct moxibustion at plus points and moxa-needle at minus points clarified a part of the mechanisms of the effects of direct moxibustion and moxa-needle.

The Influence of Oxidation Reduction Potential of Spa Spring Water on the Human Body / 日本温泉気候物理医学会雑誌

<b>Background</b>: Spring water exhibits “aging”, characterized by increased oxidation reduction potential (ORP) and diminished therapeutic efficacy. However, the influence of spring water ORP on the body during bathing is unknown. Gout has been treated by spa bathing and by acupuncture, as well as pharmacologically. We accordingly examined the relationship between ORP and uric acid excretion, and that between ORP and ryodoraku current, which is closely related to acupuncture.<br><b>Design</b>: Three groups of three volunteers each bathed in a different solution; sulphur-containing spring water, bicarbonate-containing spring water, or tap water. Serial changes in uric acid excretion and ryodoraku were measured.<br><b>Results</b>: Urinary uric acid: creatinine ratio and ryodoraku current increased after sulphur spring water bathing and diminished after tap water bathing. Urinary ORP was negatively correlated with urinary uric acid: creatinine ratio and urinary pH. Ryodoraku current and urine ORP changed in opposite directions.<br><b>Conclusion</b>: Bathing water ORP affected urinary ORP, urinary uric acid excretion, and ryodoraku current. Urinary ORP was assumed to reflect interstitial fluid ORP, suggesting that uric acid excretion and ryodoraku current were affected by interstitial fluid ORP. These findings appeared to indicate that ORP influenced cell membrane potential because voltage-dependent transporters or channels exist in the kidney and epidermis. Moreover, as urinary ORP was negatively correlated with urinary pH, ORP seemed to electrically buffer pH. As these findings can be explained by the Nernst equation by which ORP is derived, ORP of spring water might electrically influence the organism during bathing.