ABSTRACT
Pelvic girdle pain (PGP) is a pregnancy discomfort that causes pain and limitation of mobility and functioning in any of the three pelvic joints. The patient usually presents antenatally with persistent suprapubic pain which is exaggerated during moving, walking or climbing stairs. Intrapartum, this could be associated with disruption of sacroiliac joint, hematuria and bladder dysfunction in severe cases. Pelvic X-rays, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging aid in confirmation of diagnosis by measuring the degree of separation of symphysis. Treatment modalities range from conservative management to orthopedic interventions in form of pelvic strapping, open reduction and internal fixation. Postpartum pain often masks clinicians to make the diagnosis of pubic symphysis diastasis. A case series of three cases which were diagnosed and confirmed with ultrasound and managed with orthopedic consultation. till their delivery and in post-partum period till recovery. Although there is still no specific consensus on treatment guideline, management generally of conservative management to surgical in the form of pelvic bracing or strapping. Awareness of this rare condition can help in management of pain and associated disability which improves post-delivery.
ABSTRACT
Resumen: Las mujeres en etapa gestacional que presentan dolor severo y solicitan tratamiento farmacológico analgésico (autoadministrado o por prescripción) representan un desafío para la atención médica, ya que la mayoría de los medicamentos cruzan la barrera placentaria. Existen momentos de particular preocupación para la administración de medicamentos durante la gestación: el período de la organogénesis (semana gestacional 4-10) y el período previo al nacimiento. Se recomienda, cuando sea posible, considerar primero las opciones de tratamiento no farmacológico, usar un solo fármaco a la dosis más baja efectiva y no usar medicamentos que puedan generar interacción farmacológica. Cuando el uso de la terapia de medicación es constante, se sugiere una comunicación y contacto estrecho entre el médico encargado de la supervisión de la gestación y el médico especialista en dolor. Los medicamentos han sido categorizados de acuerdo con el riesgo fetal por múltiples organizaciones. Este trabajo hace una revisión de las medicaciones más frecuentes.
Abstract: Pregnant women with pain that is severe enough to warrant pharmacological treatment (self-administered or prescribed by attendants) represent a challenging group as medicines given to them almost always cross the placenta. While most medicines are safe, there are particular times of concern, notably the period of organogenesis (week 4-10) and just before birth. Where possible, nonpharmacological treatment options should be considered, use only one drug at the most effective dose and do not use medications that can generate pharmacological interaction. Ongoing analgesic use requires close liaison between the health professional managing the pregnancy and the health professional managing the pain. Medicines that may be prescribed during pregnancy have been categorized according to fetal. This work makes a review of the most frequently used medications for pain management and its adverse effects reported in the short and long term.
ABSTRACT
El manejo de la paciente obstétrica durante la labor o trabajo de parto es especial debido a que el dolor es desencadenado por el mismo mecanismo biológico que implica su desenlace, tiene impacto sobre el estado hemodinámico materno fetal, de aquí la elección de las técnicas y medicamentos así como soluciones analgésicos ampliamente estudiadas con mínimo efecto sobre la madre o el feto. Se ha planteado seguridad en el uso de medicamentos durante la labor, sin embargo el manejo debe ser individualizado en vista de la variabilidad de cada individuo. El inicio de analgesia durante la labor de parto, varía dependiendo de la condición de nuestro paciente sin embargó se ha descrito que en ausencia de contraindicación médica, la solicitud materna es suficiente indicación para el alivio del dolor durante el parto, para esto se ha descrito varias condiciones que ayudan en el manejo activo, ya sea con técnicas invasivas o no invasivas, uso de medicamentos o dispositivos, sin embargo el manejo de pacientes obstétricas durante su labor de parto en nuestro país, es hasta el momento escasa y poca aplicada. De aquí el rol del anestesiólogo durante el manejo analgésico del parto debe ser permanente y destacado en el equipo de atención obstétrica, no tan solo por su capacidad para resolver el dolor durante el proceso de parto y facilitar las maniobras obstétricas, sino también, porque es un elemento clave a la hora de resolver las posibles complicaciones o emergencias
The management of the obstetric patient during work or work in childbirth is special because the pain is triggered by the same biological mechanism that implies its outcome, has an impact on maternal and fetal hemodynamic status, here is the choice of techniques and the medicines The analgesic solutions have been studied with minimal effect on the mother or the fetus. Safety has been planted in the use of drugs during work, however, the management must be individualized in view of the variability of each individual. The start of analgesia during labor, the conditions of use of our patient, the patient, the patient, the communication work, the request for medical information, the request, medical attention, medical attention and communication. Several conditions that help in the active management, either with invasive or non-invasive techniques, use of medications or devices, however, management of obstetric patients during their labor in our country, is so far, scarce and little application. Hence the role of the anesthesiologist during the analgesic management of labor should be permanent and outstanding in the obstetric care team, not only for its ability to resolve pain during the birth process and facilitate obstetric maneuvers, but also because it is a key element when solving possible complications or emergencies