Description of core performance measures and indicators of patient safety used by select government and private hospitals in the Philippines

Background@#In 2008, the Department of Health (DOH) issued Administrative Order 2008-0023 that called for an “effective and efficient monitoring system that will link all patient safety initiatives”. However, there are still no explicit and harmonized targets to measure effectiveness and to provide benchmarks that assess whether previous efforts were helpful. @*Objective@#The study aimed to describe the status of patient safety performance measures and indicators on the international patient safety goals (IPSGs) in select hospitals in the Philippines. @*Methods@#Descriptive, cross-sectional design was used to investigate currently used performance measures and indicators. Data collection included administration of a Hospital Patient Safety Indicators Questionnaire (HPSIQ) that summarized the currently used patient safety measures and indicators in the sampled Level 2 and level 3 hospitals and triangulation by review of documents such as hospital databases, protocols on reporting, and manuals for information gathering regarding patient safety. Performance measures were categorized using the Donabedian framework. Core indicators were identified through review of standards that cut across the six IPSGs and evaluation of overarching processes and concepts in patient safety. @*Results@#Forty-one level 2 and 3 hospitals participated in the study. Most performance indicators were process measures (52%), while structure (31%) and outcome measures (17%) accounted for the rest. There is an obvious lack of structural requirements for patient safety in the hospitals included in this study. Less than half the hospitals surveyed implement risk assessment and management consistently. Reporting of events, near- misses, and patient safety data are widely varied among hospitals. Data utilization for quality improvement is not fully established in many of the hospitals. Patient engagement is not integrated in service delivery and performance measurement but is crucial in promoting patient safety. @*Conclusion@#Mechanisms to improve hospitals’ capacity to monitor, anticipate, and reduce risk of patient harm during the provision of healthcare should be provided. Having a unified set of definitions and protocols for measurement will facilitate reliable monitoring and improvement. Leadership and governance, both internal (e.g., hospital administrators) and external (e.g., DOH) that recognize a data-driven approach to policymaking and improvement of service delivery are crucial in promoting patient safety

Construction of performance management system for pharmacy department of tertiary public hospitals under new situation / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To provide reference for improving the work efficiency of staff and promoting the discipline construction of pharmacy department. METHODS By analyzing the current situation of performance management in the pharmacy department of our hospital， the key successful factors were sorted out， strategic decoding was carried out and key performance indicators were extracted. The quarterly and annual performance appraisal forms were formulated for the departments of pharmacy warehouse， outpatient pharmacy， ward pharmacy， clinical pharmacy department， prescription examination center， laboratory and other departments； the performance management information platform was built. The work efficiency and output of each department were compared half a year before and after the implementation of the performance management plan. RESULTS After the implementation of the program， the average queuing time for drug collection in the outpatient department was shortened from 5 minutes to 3 minutes， the average number of dispensing infusion bags per hour in the pharmacy intravenous admixture services increased from 50 bags to 60 bags， and antibacterial use density of the hospital decreased from 42.7 DDD（defined daily doses） to 40.2 DDD. The number of academic papers published had increased from 8 to 10， and the satisfaction of clinical departments with ward pharmacies increased from 85% to 95%. CONCLUSIONS The performance management system has been successfully established in pharmacy department of our hospital， which can improve the enthusiasm of pharmacists， reflect the value of pharmaceutical care， and promote the discipline construction of pharmacy.

Practice of precise management of antibiotics in a children′s hospital in combination with key performance indicators / 中华医院管理杂志

Bacterial infection is the main cause of infectious diseases in children. Antibacterials play an important role in anti infection treatment of children. At present, the treatment of antimicrobial drugs in children is facing a severe situation of bacterial resistance. In January 2020, a children′s specialized hospital carried out the practice of precise management of antibiotics in combination with key performance indicators. Through the multi sectoral linkage of management and technology, eight key performance indicators and assessment methods were set up from three levels of antibiotic use, bacterial resistance and hospital infection, to standardize the clinical application of antibiotics and continue to promote the rational use of antibiotics. This practice had improved the performance indicators of antibacterial management. Among them, the use intensity of antibacterial drugs for inpatients decreased from 40.07 DDD in 2019 to 29.00 DDD in 2021, the use rate of antibacterial drugs for inpatients decreased from 81.32% to 64.40%, the percentage of antibacterial drug expenses in total drug expenses decreased from 35.41% to 26.82%, the use proportion of non restricted antibacterial drugs in antibacterial drugs increased from 71.30% to 82.21%, and the drug resistance rate of Salmonella to β-Lactam/enzyme inhibitors decreased from 4.84% to 0.03%, and the incidence of hospital infection decreased from 1.16% to 0.96%. The precise management of antibiotics in combination with key performance indicators improved the level of rational use of antibiotics, effectively curbed bacterial resistance, achieved phased results, so as to provide a reference for the scientific management of antibiotics in children′s hospitals.

Indicadores claves de desempeño y su aplicación en la gerencia estratégica de las empresas de salud / Key performance indicators and their application in the strategic management of healthcare companies

Introducción: La gerencia empresarial, a lo largo de la historia, se ha preocupado por alcanzar objetivos y metas mediante la utilización de estrategias con el fin de tratar de garantizar los réditos que le permitan seguir trabajando en el tiempo. El interés de lograr alcanzar la eficiencia empresarial ha sido clave para que los investigadores modernos hayan realizado importantes aportes a la epistemología de las ciencias administrativas. Surge entonces la pregunta en la mente de los administradores: ¿Es de importancia la aplicación de indicadores claves de desempeño en la gerencia estratégica de las empresas de salud? Los indicadores claves de desempeño, o KPIs por sus siglas en inglés, forman parte del conjunto de métricos que la administración moderna utiliza para saber si el negocio está logrando los objetivos y metas planteadas por la gerencia. El tablero de mando integral de Kaplan y Norton, desde su aparición en el año de 1992, ha sido también de gran valor para la gerencia estratégica empresarial. Objetivo: Presentar la importancia que tiene la utilización de los indicadores claves de desempeño al ser aplicados en la gerencia estratégica de las empresas de salud. Metodología: Basada en el paradigma cualitativo-descriptivo de investigación acción, el cual se sustentó en literatura científica publicada entre los años 2017 y 2021 apoyado en las plataformas Google Scholar y SciELO. Los criterios de inclusión fueron artículos y textos que abordaran los temas de: indicadores claves de desempeño, inteligencia de negocios, gerencia estratégica y tablero de mando integral. Resultado y Conclusiones: El continuo monitoreo del ambiente competitivo en el que la empresa está inmerso, permite la adaptación de los métricos de acuerdo con los cambios del entorno. En la medida en que los métricos permitan a la empresa volverse líquida, es decir, facilitar que se amolde a los cambios en el medioambiente económico, se facilitará la toma de decisiones de negocios eficaces y oportunas.

Introduction: Business management throughout history has been concerned with achieving objectives and goals, through the use of strategies in order to try to guarantee the revenues that allow it to continue operating over time. The interest in achieving business efficiency has been key for modern researchers to have made important contributions to the epistemology of administrative sciences. The question then arises in the minds of administrators: Is it important to apply key performance indicators in the strategic management of health companies? Key performance indicators, or KPIs for its acronym in English, are part of the set of metrics that modern management uses to know if the business is achieving the objectives and goals set by senior management. Kaplan and Norton's Balanced Scorecard, since its appearance in 1992, has also been of great value for strategic business management. Objective: To present the importance of the use of key performance indicators when applied in the strategic management of health companies Methodology: Based on the qualitative-descriptive and hermeneutical paradigm in the which was based on studies between 2017 and 2021 supported by the Google Scholar and SciELO platforms. The inclusion criteria were articles and texts that addressed the topics of: key performance indicators, business intelligence, strategic management and balanced scorecard. Results and Conclusions: The continuous monitoring of the competitive environment in which the company is immersed, allows the adaptation of the metrics according to changes in the environment. To the extent that the metrics allow the company to become liquid, that is, make it easier to adapt to changes in the economic environment, effective and timely business decision-making will be facilitated.

Integração entre a análise do desempenho e o ensino-aprendizagem nos esportes coletivos / Performance analysis and teaching-learning process in team sports / Análisis del desempeño y enseñanza en deportes de equipo

RESUMO Nos esportes coletivos, a análise do desempenho e a condução do processo de ensino-aprendizagem implicam, implícita ou explicitamente, escolhas metodológicas. Neste trabalho, serão apresentadas algumas das principais abordagens teórico-metodológicas que embasam a análise do desempenho e o ensino-aprendizagem nos esportes coletivos e suas implicações práticas. Será discutida a integração desses conteúdos com o intuito de contribuir com o suporte científico para a prática pedagógica do professor/treinador.

ABSTRACT In team sports, the performance analysis and the teaching-learning process imply, implicitly or explicitly, methodological choices. In this work, we will present some of the main theoretical-methodological approaches that support performance analysis and teaching-learning in team sports and their practical implications. We will discuss the integration of these subjects in order to contribute with scientific support to the pedagogical practice of the teacher/coach.

RESUMEN En los deportes de equipo, analizar el rendimiento y conducir el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje implica, implícita o explícitamente, elecciones metodológicas. En este trabajo presentaremos algunos de los principales enfoques teórico-metodológicos que sustentan el análisis del desempeño y la enseñanza-aprendizaje en los deportes de equipo y sus implicaciones prácticas. Discutiremos la integración de estas temáticas con el objetivo de contribuir con el soporte científico de la práctica pedagógica del profesor/entrenador.

The effect of national tertiary public hospital performance assessment on the functional orientation of provincial public hospitals / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To analyze the impact of the national tertiary public hospital performance assessment(hereinafter referred to as the national examination) on the functional orientation of the provincial public hospitals in Zhejiang province, for reference to improve the allocation of provincial medical resources and high-quality development of public hospitals.Methods:The data came from the hospital financial data of 17 provincial tertiary public hospitals in Zhejiang province from 2012 to 2021 and the DRG quality performance analysis report of the tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang province from 2020 to 2021. The information of the number of employees and actual number of beds at the end of the period, etc., were extracted to analyze the overall operation of the hospital. The ratio of outpatient times to discharged times and the proportion of discharged patients undergoing surgery, as well as the proportion of discharged patients′ day surgery and level-4 surgery in hospital and in province were took as evaluation indicators to analyze the functional positioning of tertiary public hospitals.Results:Compared with 2012 to 2018, the average number of employees at the end of the period and actual number of beds in 17 hospitals from 2019 to 2021 increased by 761 and 303 respectively, and the average number of hospitalization days decreased by 2.26 days. The average ratio of outpatient times to discharged times in the hospital decreased from 175.76 in 2012 to 67.51 in 2021. The average proportion of discharged patients undergoing surgery in general hospitals increased from 0.39 in 2012 to 0.46 in 2021, and that in non-general hospitals decreased from 0.67 to 0.43. The average proportion of discharged patients undergoing day surgery in hospital and in province increased from 0.20 and 0.03 in 2020 to 0.23 and 0.04 in 2021 respectively, and the average proportion of discharged patients undergoing level-4 surgery in province increased from 0.04 to 0.05.Conclusions:The national examination could be conducive to strengthening the functional orientation of public hospitals. After the national examination, the ratio of outpatient times to discharged times in the provincial tertiary public hospitals in Zhejiang province had declined as a whole, the proportion of discharged patients in general hospitals had increased, but the proportion of level-4 surgery in hospitals needs to be further improved. The author suggested that we should continue to strengthen the operation mechanism of functional positioning of provincial public hospitals, improve the service capacity of hospitals for difficult and critical diseases, and improve the performance evaluation system of tertiary public hospitals.

Jogo bonito ou jogo feio: o que é e como podemos quantificar? / Beautiful game or ugly game: what is it and how can we quantify it? / Juego bello o juego feo: ¿qué es y cómo podemos cuantificarlo?

RESUMO O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar quais variáveis quantitativas de uma partida de futebol são relacionadas à classificação de jogo bonito ou feio. A partir dos indicadores de desempenho disponíveis no site oficial da FIFA, selecionamos quatro jogos da Copa do Mundo de 2018 com características distintas. Os jogos foram assistidos por dez participantes que, em um questionário semiestruturado, apontaram os indicadores de desempenho que influenciaram o julgamento estético da partida. O jogo bonito foi associado à grande quantidade de finalizações, chances de gols e passes certos. A ausência destes mesmos indicadores foi importante para a classificação dos jogos como feios. As variáveis quantitativas identificadas nesse estudo avançam com o debate sobre futebol e estética.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify the quantitative variables of a football match associated to the classification of a beautiful or ugly game. Based on the performance indicators 2018 FIFA World Cup, we selected four games with different characteristics. The games were watched by ten participants who pointed out the performance indicators that influenced the aesthetic judgment of the game. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The beautiful game was associated with a large number of shots, shots on goal and pass accuracy. The absence of these same indicators was important for classifying the games as ugly. The quantitative variables identified in this study advance the debate on football and aesthetics.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar qué variables cuantitativas de un partido de fútbol están relacionadas con la clasificación de un juego bello o feo. Hemos seleccionado cuatro juegos de la Copa Mundial 2018 con diferentes características de los indicadores de rendimiento. Los juegos fueron observados por diez voluntarios que, en un cuestionario semiestructurado, señalaron los indicadores de rendimiento que influyeron en el juicio estético del juego. El juego bello se asoció con la gran cantidad de presentaciones, posibilidades de goles y pases ciertos. La ausencia de estos mismos indicadores fue importante para clasificar los juegos como feos. Las variables cuantitativas identificadas en este estudio avanzan el debate sobre el fútbol y la estética.

Key performance indexes of two HBsAg ELISA reagents: A retrospectively comparative analysis / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To retrospectively analyze the key performance indicators of two hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) ELISA reagents used in blood stations, so as to provide basis for reagent selection from the perspective of laboratory performance. 【Methods】 The test results, reactive rate of initial/repeat test, concordance rate of initial and repeat test, and the NAT-yield implicated in ELISA-reactive samples with one assay from 2016 to 2019 were analyzed to compare the detection performance of two ELISA reagents. 【Results】 The total ELISA reactive rate of HBsAg was 0.39%(1 863/480 741), with 0.31% and 0.29% in two reagents, respectively. The initial reactive rate were 0.44% and 0.39%, concordance rate of initial and repeat test was 70.21% and 74.55%, respectively. 43 NAT-yield samples were implicated in ELISA-reactive samples with one assay. 【Conclusion】 There are differences underlying in the detection performance of the two reagents. In order to avoid blood waste and ensure blood safety, the key performance indexes and test results should be taken into consideration when selecting reagents.

O uso de indicadores de desempenho na avaliação da qualidade operacional dos aterros sanitários do estado do Rio de Janeiro no triênio 2013-2015 / The use of performance indicators in the evaluation of the operational quality of the Rio de Janeiro state sanitary landfill in the 2013-2015 triennium

RESUMO Encerrar vazadouros, implantar e operar aterros sanitários são importantes passos para consolidar um sistema de gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) eficiente e sustentável. No estado do Rio de Janeiro, desde 2007, existem avanços significativos nesse processo. Entretanto, é fundamental transcender as terminologias que distinguem os locais de disposição final e avaliar a real qualidade da prestação desse serviço público. Não resta dúvida que encerrar vazadouros deve ser prioridade dos estados e municípios, todavia, não se deve distanciar o olhar da avaliação constante do desempenho ambiental dessas atividades e, consequentemente, de suas qualidades operacionais. Baseado nesse princípio, o estado do Rio de Janeiro, por meio do Instituto Estadual do Ambiente (INEA), desenvolveu, em 2013, uma metodologia para a obtenção do Índice de Qualidade de Destinação Final de Resíduos (IQDR). O principal objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o resultado da aplicação do IQDR do Rio de Janeiro em 19 aterros sanitários e em sete aterros controlados do Estado entre os anos de 2013 e 2015. Essa análise possibilitou criticar as estratégias propostas pelas políticas públicas de gestão de resíduos vigentes no estado, bem como a sua eficácia. Constatou-se que os aterros de Seropédica, Campos e São Gonçalo apresentaram os melhores desempenhos no período avaliado, tendo sido considerados adequados. Juntos, esses aterros receberam mais de 10 milhões de toneladas de RSU no período, 58% da quantidade coletada no estado. Os aterros de Miguel Pereira, Barra do Piraí e Piraí apresentaram o pior desempenho - foram considerados inadequados - , tendo recebido cerca de 47 mil toneladas de RSU no período, menos de 1% do montante coletado no estado.

ABSTRACT Shutting down dumpsites, implanting and operating landfills are important steps to consolidate an efficient and sustainable urban solid waste management system. In the state of Rio de Janeiro, since 2007, there have been significant advances in this process. However, it is fundamental to transcend the terminology that distinguishes the final disposal sites and to evaluate the real quality of the provision of this public service. There is no doubt that shutting down dumpsites should be a priority for states and municipalities, however, this thought should not distance oneself from the constant evaluation of the environmental performance of these activities and, consequently, the operational quality of the landfills. Based on this principle, the state of Rio de Janeiro, through the State Environmental Institute (INEA), developed in 2013 a methodology for obtaining the Final Destination of Waste Quality Index. The main objective of this article is to evaluate the results of the application of Rio de Janeiro's Final Destination of Waste Quality Index, in the years of 2013, 2014, and 2015. This analysis made it possible to criticize the strategies proposed by the public policies for waste management in the state, as well as their effectiveness. It was verified that the landfills of Seropédica, Campos, and São Gonçalo presented the best performances and were considered adequate. Together, these landfills received more than ten million tons in the period, about 58% of the urban solid waste collected in the state. The Miguel Pereira, Barra do Piraí, and Piraí landfills presented the worst performance, considered inadequate, receiving about 47,000 tons in the period, less than 1% of the MSW collected in the state.

Avaliação de indicadores aplicados a sistemas de abastecimento de água de pequeno porte / Evaluation of indicators applied to small water supply systems

RESUMO O presente trabalho visou avaliar, por meio de regressão linear múltipla (RLM), os indicadores que melhor exprimem a realidade dos sistemas de abastecimento de água de municípios de pequeno porte, com base nos desempenhos financeiro, operacional e de qualidade da água como variáveis de resposta. A organização e a seleção dos dados fiaram-se no Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Saneamento de 2014, tendo sido selecionados os referentes a 182 municípios de Minas Gerais com população inferior a 10 mil habitantes e 56 indicadores como variáveis explicativas. Por meio da RLM, verificou-se que o comprometimento das receitas com a despesa (margem da despesa de exploração) e a razão entre a arrecadação e as despesas (índice de suficiência de caixa) são as variáveis mais relevantes para descrever o desempenho financeiro. Para descrição do desempenho operacional, os índices de perdas por ligação e de faturamento de água foram os mais recorrentes. Por fim, no que tange ao desempenho de qualidade da água, os modelos apresentaram baixos coeficientes de determinação e a não aderência dos resíduos à distribuição normal.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate, by means of multiple linear regression (MLR), the indicators that best express the reality of small municipalities water supply systems, based on financial, operational and water quality performance as response variables. The organization and selection of the sample were based on the information available in the National Sanitation Information System of 2014, selecting 182 municipalities in Minas Gerais with population below 10,000 inhabitants and 56 indicators as explanatory variables. Through MLR, it was found that the commitment of revenue to expenditure (operating expense margin) and the ratio of collection to expenses (monetary sufficiency index) are the most relevant variables to describe financial performance. For the description of operational performance, the water loss per connection and water billing rates were the most recurrent. Finally, with regard to the performance of water quality, the models presented low determination coefficients and non-adherence of the residues to normal distribution.

Indicadores para la evaluación del desempeño de los atletas en eventos deportivos internacionales de combate / Indicators for the evaluation of athletes' performance in international sports combat tournaments

Resumen La necesidad de contar con indicadores, que señalen el desempeño de los eventos deportivos internacionales, es un problema que requiere soluciones permanentes, sobre todo en aquellos países donde el sistema deportivo está sustentado en presupuesto gubernamental. En este trabajo, se presenta un grupo de indicadores que permiten la evaluación del desempeño en deportes de combate. Se consultó literatura especializada en el tema y se revisaron los programas de actividades de las asociaciones deportivas nacionales de las disciplinas de boxeo, esgrima, judo, karate do, luchas asociadas y taekwondo, del año 2011 hasta el 2015. Esta compilación facilitó el diseño de indicadores que se proponen para evaluar el desempeño de los atletas de deportes de combate mexicanos en eventos internacionales, registrado en programas y documentos oficiales. Estos indicadores han servido de referencia para estadistas y sociólogos que han investigado en este tema.

Abstract The need for indicators that show the performance of international sports events is a problem that requires permanent solutions, especially in those countries where the sports system is based on government budget. This paper presents a group of indicators that allow the evaluation of performance in combat sports. Specialized literature on the subject was consulted and the programs of activities of the national sports associations of the disciplines of boxing, fencing, judo, karate do, associated wrestling and taekwondo from 2011 to 2015 were reviewed. This compilation facilitated the design of proposed indicators to evaluate the performance of mexican combat sports athletes in international events, recorded in official programs and documents. These indicators have served as a reference for statesmen and sociologists who have researched on this topic.

Avaliação de indicadores de desempenho da área de engenharia clínica: uma proposta para um hospital público universitário / Evaluation of clinical engineering performance indicators: a proposal for a university public hospita

RESUMO Objetivo: Propor um conjunto de indicadores de desempenho para o Departamento de Engenharia Clínica (EC) de um hospital público universitário. Metodologia: Após pesquisa bibliográfica dos indicadores da área de engenharia clínica citados na literatura, foi elaborado um questionário aplicado a gestores de hospitais de alta complexidade, docentes e especialistas para avaliar a pertinência, credibilidade do resultado, esforço de apuração, simplicidade de interpretação e de algoritmo de cálculo dos indicadores. Resultados:Foram propostos 14 indicadores para o departamento de EC: percentual de conclusão do programa de manutenção preventiva, tempo médio de atendimento, tempo médio de paralisação de máquina, número de reparos repetidos, percentual do total de ordens de serviço concluídas, número de ordens de serviço por área, percentual de reparos realizados externamente, percentual de reparos realizados por erro do usuário, custo de manutenção versus custo de aquisição, custo total de manutenção, satisfação do funcionário, treinamento da equipe técnica, satisfação do cliente e treinamento de usuários. Conclusões: Numa instituição pública de grande porte e nível terciário, a escolha dos indicadores para compor um painel para a gestão do Departamento de EC, bem como a apuração dos resultados deve ser ponderada, tendo em vista que, instituições governamentais sofrem impactos diretos quanto à disponibilidade de verba e entraves burocráticos que, muitas vezes, geram impasses difíceis de serem solucionados. É importante que exista um trabalho de conscientização dos funcionários quanto ao seu papel nos resultados dos indicadores e na busca das metas estabelecidas pela organização, pois, somente esse conjunto vai permitir uma gestão de sucesso (AU)

Objective: To propose a set of performance indicators for the Clinical Engineering Department (CE) of a public university hospital. Methodology: After a bibliographic search of clinical engineering indicators cited in the literature, a questionnaire was applied to hospital managers of high complexity, professors and specialists to evaluate the relevance, credibility of the result, calculation effort, sim-plicity of interpretation and calculation algorithm of indicators. Results: 14 indicators were proposed to the CE Department: percentage of completion of the preventive maintenance program, average service time, average machine downtime, number of repeated repairs, percentage of total work or-ders completed, number of service orders by area, percentage of repairs performed externally, per-centage of repairs performed by user error, maintenance cost versus cost of acquisition, total cost of maintenance, employee satisfaction, technical team training, customer satisfaction and user training. Conclusions: In a large public institution and tertiary level, the choice of the indicators to compose a panel of indicators for the management of the CE Department, as well as the calculation of the results, should be considered, since State institutions suffer direct impacts on the availability of funds and bu-reaucratic obstacles that often generate impasses that are difficult to solve. It is important that there is a work of awareness of the employees about their role in the results of the indicators and the search of the goals established by the organization since only this set will allow successful management (AU)

Tactical efficacy and offensive game processes adopted by Italian and Brazilian youth soccer players

Abstract Aim: To analyze success and failure of offensive sequences and the adopted offensive method in under-15 (U-15) and under-17 (U-17) soccer players. Methods: The sample was composed of 218 offensive sequences performed by U-15 and U-17 players selected from 28 matches, being 18 matches of an Italian team and 10 matches of a Brazilian team. All offensive sequences which ended in finalization were selected for the analysis. Using observational methodology, an adapted ad hoc observational instrument was built with the variables "number of players involved", "ball touches", "passing", "duration", and "corridor changes". Next, offensive actions were classified into three offensive game methods: counter-attack, quick attack, and positional attack. Results: Results revealed that teams which use positional attack expend more time constructing an offensive play, involve extra players, and change the ball corridor more often during offensive actions when compared to counter-attack and quick attack (p<0.01). Moreover, offensive efficacy did not present an association with the offensive method employed (X2=0.47; p=0.78). Sequences that finished in success presented significantly higher values of the number of touches (p=0.02), passes (p=0.003), and duration (p=0.01) in comparison to failure. Conclusion: The findings suggest that all offensive methods adopted can be used to reach success during a game of U-15 and U-17 soccer players.

Sorter de citometría de flujo: repercusiones en los indicadores clave de rendimiento de un laboratorio de reproducción asistida / Flow cytometry sorter: results in the key performance indicators of an assisted reproductive technology

Resumen OBJETIVO: Evaluar si la manipulación de gametos con sorter de citometría de flujo repercute negativamente en los indicadores clave de rendimiento de un laboratorio de reproducción asistida. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, llevado a cabo en parejas a quienes se efectuó fecundación in vitro mediante inyección intracitoplasmática de espermatozoides (ICSI), con selección espermática, mediante un sorter de citometría de flujo, para selección de sexo. El estudio se efectuó en el New Hope Fertility Center de Guadalajara y Ciudad de México, de junio de 2014 a agosto de 2017. Los resultados se compararon con un grupo control seleccionado al azar. Se evaluaron los indicadores decisivos de rendimiento (KPI´s); tasa de fecundación normal, anormal (1PN, ≥ 3 PN) y fallida; tasa de degeneración posterior a ICSI; tasas de segmentación o división, blastocisto, implantación (segmentación y blastocisto) y recién nacido. Se utilizó la prueba t de Student para dos muestras y se consideró estadísticamente significativo el valor de p < 0.05. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 150 ciclos. Grupo 1: ICSI con selección espermática y sorter de citometría de flujo (n = 40); Grupo 2: ICSI sin sorter de citometría de flujo (n = 110). Los indicadores clave de rendimiento del grupo 1 disminuyeron; se reportaron tasas de fecundación fallida de 1.6%, blastocisto 17.4%, implantación en la segmentación 10%, implantación en blastocisto 14.2% y de recién nacido 14.5%. CONCLUSIONES: La manipulación de gametos con sorter de citometría de flujo reportó un efecto negativo en los indicadores clave de rendimiento del laboratorio de reproducción asistida, específicamente en las tasas de blastocisto, implantación de blastocisto y de recién nacido.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if the manipulation of gametes with a flow cytometry sorter has a negative effect on the key performance indicators (KPI´s). MATERIALS AND METHOD: Descriptive and retrospective analysis, in couples undergoing In a Vitro Fertilization (IVF) by ICSI, with sperm selection, using a flow cytometry sorter for sex selection. The study was conducted at the New Hope Fertility Center in Guadalajara and Mexico City, from June 2014 to August 2017. The results were compared with a randomly group without a flow cytometry sorter. KPI´s were evaluated; normal fertilization rate, abnormal (1PN, ≥3 PN), failed fertilization, ICSI damage rate, cleavage rate, blastocyst development rate, implantation rate (cleavage and blastocyst-stage) and live birth rate. A Student's t-test was made for two samples considering significant differences with p < 0.05. RESULTS: 150 cycles were evaluated. Group 1: ICSI with sperm selection by a flow cytometry sorter (n = 40); Group 2: ICSI without sperm selection (n = 110). Observing with statistical significance a decreased of the KPI´s of Group 1: failed fertilization rate (1.6%), blastocyst development rate (17.4%), implantation rate (cleavage-stage) (10%), implantation rate (blastocyst-stage) (14.2%) and live birth rate (14.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The manipulation of gametes with the flow cytometry sorter, has a negative effect on the assisted reproductive technology KPI´s; specifically, in the blastocyst rate, blastocyst implantation rate and live birth rate.

Proposição de sistema de indicadores de desempenho operacional de estações de tratamento de água à luz do prestador de serviço: aplicação a cinco estações de ciclo completo / Proposition of operational performance indicators system applied for water treatment plants focusing on service provider: application for five conventional water treatment plants

RESUMO O principal objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em desenvolver e aplicar um sistema de indicadores de desempenho direcionado a estações convencionais de tratamento de água com base na visão do prestador de serviço. A metodologia abrangeu três etapas principais: (i) definição dos indicadores e justificativa; (ii) formulação e aplicação do sistema de indicadores a um conjunto de cinco estações de pequeno porte (vazões nominais de 20 a 60 L.s-¹) operadas pelo mesmo prestador; (iii) análise estatística a partir dos resultados de cálculo dos indicadores visando identificar eventuais sobreposições. O sistema proposto abarcou 13 indicadores de desempenho, calcados em parâmetros comumente inseridos na rotina operacional das estações de tratamento brasileiras.

ABSTRACT The main objective of this research was to develop and apply a performance indicator system focusing on conventional water treatment plants, based on the service provider's point of view. The methodology comprised three principal steps: (i) definition of indicators and justification; (ii) development and application of the indicator system to five small plants (flow rate from 20 to 60 L.s-1) operated for same provider; (iii) statistical analysis of the results, aiming to identify overlapping among the proposed performance indicators. The system comprised 13 performance indicators whose application is based on parameters usually monitored in the vast majority of Brazilian plants.

AD-SISCOLO: a decision-support tool to aid the management of a cervical cancer screening program

AbstractIntroduction: This paper aims to develop a data warehouse (AD-SISCOLO) in order to support the management of the cervical cancer screening program in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. As a part of the management process, the program managers of the municipality perform tedious manual work in order to calculate a series of performance indicators and then take decisions based on them. Methods AD-SISCOLO was implemented using the Pentaho BI Suite Business Intelligence Platform and the MySQL database management system. The indicators to be calculated and visualized in the tool were based on the municipal data of the cytopathology and histopathology tests from January 2012 until December 2014, which was obtained from the Information System of Cervical Cancer (SISCOLO) after a record linkage process. The follow-up indicators were based on a simplified version of the Brazilian guidelines for the cervical cancer screening. Results AD-SISCOLO allows the visualization of a set of test-based and follow-up indicators from different views and dimensions, which enable managers to monitor all the phases of the screening process and to identify the process' failures. Conclusions Compared with the current available environments in Brazil, AD-SISCOLO is unique in its visualization of the follow-up indicators of groups of women, according to their test results and age. Thereby it provides presentation flexibility to suit the program manager's needs.

Development and evaluation of an observational system for goalball match analysis / Desenvolvimento e avaliação de um sistema de observação para análise do jogo de goalball / Desarrollo y evaluación de un sistema de observación para el análisis del juego del goalball

Abstract Our purpose was to develop and evaluate an observational system for goalball match analysis. We used a non-participant systematic game observation method including eight elite games, video recorded, and randomly chosen. Observational categories and performance indicators were determined for each offensive (i.e., ball control, attack preparation, and throwing) and defensive principles (i.e., defensive balance, throw reading, and blocking). The comprehensive method of development and the ideal reliability levels (kappa coefficient of 0.81-1.00) of this protocol ensure the generation of quantitative and qualitative information for players and coaches and the rigor required for scientific use.

Resumo Nosso objetivo foi desenvolver e avaliar um sistema de observação para análise do jogo no goalball. Foi usado um método de observação sistemática não participante, incluindo vídeos de oito jogos de elite escolhidos aleatoriamente. Categorias de observação e indicadores de desempenho foram determinadas para cada princípio ofensivo (i.e., controle de bola, preparação do ataque e efetivação do arremesso) e defensivo (i.e., balanço defensivo, leitura da trajetória e interceptação do arremesso). O abrangente método de desenvolvimento e os níveis de confiabilidade ideais (coeficiente kappa de 0,81-1,00) desse protocolo asseguram a geração de informações quantitativas e qualitativas para jogadores e treinadores e o rigor necessário para uso científico.

Resumen Nuestro objetivo fue desarrollar y evaluar un sistema de observación para el análisis del juego del goalball. Se utilizó un método de observación sistemática no participante, que incluía vídeos de ocho juegos de élite elegidos al azar. Se determinaron las categorías de observación y los indicadores de rendimiento de cada principio ofensivo (p.ej., control del balón, preparación del ataque y lanzamiento) y defensivo (p.ej., equilibrio defensivo, lectura de la trayectoria e interceptación del lanzamiento). El método completo del desarrollo y los niveles de fiabilidad ideales (coeficiente kappa de 0,81 a 1,00) del presente protocolo aseguran la generación de información cuantitativa y cualitativa para jugadores y entrenadores, y el rigor necesario para el uso científico.

Differences in game statistics between winning and losing for male wheelchair tennis players in Paralympics Games

Aims: The aim of the present study was to analyze the differences in wheelchair tennis game statistics between winning and losing sets. Methods: Data were collected from the 139 sets of 64 matches played by 64 males' players in the 2012 Paralympics Games. The variables studied were grouped in four groups: variables related to serve, to return, to winners and errors, and to net point. Data was collected from official website of the Paralympics Games. A univariate (Wilcoxon test) and multivariate (discriminant) analysis of data was done to the study the four groups of variable in relation to the result of the set (win or lose). Results: The result showed that winning players commit fewer errors and achieved more winning shots than losing players. Conclusion: The values presented could be used as a reference for practice and competition in wheelchair tennis players.(AU)

Use of performance indicators to assess the solid waste management of health services

ABSTRACT Modern society faces serious challenges, among them, the complexity of environmental problems. Thus, there are several possible sources of environmental degradation, however, the waste produced by health services have an important peculiarity due to its toxic or pathogenic characteristics, since when managed improperly provide also health risk public. The involvement of solid waste from healthcare services environmental impact integrates matters a little more complex, because in addition to environmental health, they also interfere with the healthiness of environments that generate, with the consequences of nosocomial infections, occupational health and public. Thus, the management has become an urgent need, especially when we see no use of performance indicators management in healthcare environments in the city of São Mateus, ES. For this, we used the Analytic Hierarchy Process Method to prioritize such indicators as the potential improvement in health services waste management process - WHS and thus environmental analysis was performed with the use of a template for SWOT analysis. The results showed that the performance indicator training strategies developed with employees has the greatest potential to assist in improvements in WHS (Health Services Waste) management process followed indicator knowledge of the regulations associated with procedures performed by employees and importance of biosafety regulations.

Evaluation of the Quality of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems Based on Key Performance Indicators in Certified Organizations

BACKGROUND: Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems are becoming more widespread in organizations. Consequently, their effectiveness has become a core topic for researchers. This paper evaluates the performance of the Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series 18001 specification in certified companies in Iran. METHODS: The evaluation is based on a comparison of specific criteria and indictors related to occupational health and safety management practices in three certified and three noncertified companies. RESULTS: Findings indicate that the performance of certified companies with respect to occupational health and safety management practices is significantly better than that of noncertified companies. CONCLUSION: Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series 18001-certified companies have a better level of occupational health and safety; this supports the argument that Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems play an important strategic role in health and safety in the workplace.