The Influence of Personal Characteristics of Pr eceptor on Professional Grooming of Nursing Students

Background: Professional grooming and professional development are important for growth not just positive image but also respect in the place of work. Objectives: The objective of the study was to check the influence of personal characteristics of preceptor on professional grooming of nursing students. Materials and methods: A crosssectional, descriptive, qualitative, correlational study design was used to check the relationship between preceptor characteristics and professional grooming of nursing students. The study was carried out in 117 students of under graduation from LSN, the University of Lahore. Convenient sampling technique was used for data collection. Inventory of Learning Environment (CLEI=19), preceptorship relationship scale, self-esteem scale, assessment of clinical professional competence questionnaire and registered nurse ‘readiness’ for work questionnaire were used in this study after informed consent. Results: The results of the study was positive significant relationship was found between personal characteristics of preceptor and professional grooming of student nurses which was checked by Pearson correlational test on SPSS version 23. The responses of significant values of preceptor personal characteristics and professional grooming were 1 and 0.616 and significant values were p>0.000. Above values showed the positive significant relationship between variables. Conclusion: Preceptor knowledge based on theoretical and practical, and personal characteristics of the preceptor was proved important components in this study. Most of the students, who participated in this research, have perceived the positive significant relationship between preceptor characteristics and professional grooming which enhanced the self-esteem, nursing professional behavior/competence and readiness for work related to the clinical learning environment. Moreover, according to the results of the study, efforts should be involved by stakeholders to develop the relationship between preceptor and students for the production of competent nurses in the future.

Flow and engagement at work: a literature review / Flow e engajamento no trabalho: uma revisão de literatura / Flow y el compromiso en el trabajo: una revisión de literatura

In the light of Positive Organizational and Work Psychology, flow and engagement are related with well-being and business success. This study examines the relationships between flow and work engagement,while presenting the main concepts about them. A literature review was carried out. Data collection were based on the research for studies with the descriptors "flow" and "engagement", "personal resources", "labor resources" and related terms. This search resulted in 49 studies, which were read and classified according to information about content, year of publication, definitions, types and associated concepts. Among the findings, flow and engagement are linked to superior results in business, worker performance and life satisfaction. Studies point to a wide range of applications, but there is still a need for further research. (AU)

À luz da Psicologia Positiva Organizacional e do Trabalho, flow e engajamento estão relacionados a bem-estar e sucesso empresarial. Esse estudo examina as relações entre flow e engajamento no trabalho e apresenta as principais conceituações a respeito deles. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura. A coleta de dados baseou-se na procura por produções com os descritores "flow" e "engajamento", "recursos pessoais", "recursos do trabalho" e termos relacionados. Essa busca resultou em 49 estudos, os quais foram lidos e classificados de acordo com informações sobre conteúdo, ano da publicação, definições, tipos e conceitos associados. Dentre os achados, flow e engajamento estão ligados a resultados superiores nos negócios das empresas, no desempenho do trabalhador e em sua satisfação de vida. Os estudos apontam para uma ampla gama de aplicações, mas ainda há necessidade de novas pesquisas. (AU)

Según la Psicología Positiva Organizacional y del Trabajo, flujo y compromiso están relacionados con bienestar y éxito empresarial. Este estudio examina las relaciones entre flujo y compromiso, y presenta las principales concepciones sobre ellos. Para esto, se realizó una revisión de literatura. La recolección de datos se basó en la búsqueda por producciones con los descriptores "flujo" y "compromiso", "recursos personales", "recursos del trabajo" y términos relacionados. Esta búsqueda tuvo como resultado 49 estudios, los cuales fueron leídos y clasificados de acuerdo con informaciones sobre contenido, año de publicación, definiciones, tipos y conceptos asociados. Entre los hallazgos, flujo y compromiso están ligados a resultados superiores en los negocios de las empresas, en el desempeño del trabajador y en la satisfacción de vida. Los estudios revelan una amplia gama de aplicaciones, pero todavía hay necesidad de nuevas investigaciones. (AU)

Habilidades sociais e características pessoais em escolares de Belém / Social skills and personal features at Belém students

Este estudo relacionou a frequência da emissão de reação socialmente habilidosa, não-habilidosa passiva e não-habilidosa ativa às variáveis da criança (sexo, idade, condições clínicas). Participaram 57 meninos e 52 meninas, entre seis e 12 anos. O Questionário de Caracterização da Criança (QCC) levantou informações sobre sexo, idade e condições clínicas e o Inventário Multimídia de Habilidades Sociais de Crianças (IMHSC-Del Prette) avaliou as habilidades sociais, respondidos pelos cuidadores e escolares, respectivamente. Utilizou-se os testes U de Mann-Whitney, o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson e o teste t para análises dos dados. Os resultados indicaram: (a) diferenças significativas na adequação das reações habilidosas e não-habilidosas (p < 0,001); (b) aumento do repertório de habilidades sociais conforme o avançar dos anos (p < 0,001); e (c) meninas apresentaram mais frequência de habilidades sociais que meninos (p = 0,040). Não houve associações significativas entre habilidades sociais e condições clínicas (p = 0,539). Verificou-se que sexo e idade podem interferir na presença e desempenho de repertório socialmente habilidoso. Sugerem-se outras técnicas de avaliação que complementem os dados investigados e possibilitem intervenções futuras para amostras semelhantes. (AU)

This study linked the emission frequency of socially skilled reaction, unskilled passive reaction and unskilled active reaction to the child's variables (gender, age, medical conditions). Participated 57 boys and 52 girls between six and 12 years old. The Child Characterization Questionnaire (QCC) collected data on sex, age and clinical conditions and the Social Skills of Children Multimedia Inventory (IMHSC-Del Prette) evaluated social skills answered by caregivers and students, respectively. It is used the Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and the t test were used for data analysis. The results indicated: (a) significant differences in the adequacy of skilled and unskilled reactions (p < .001); (b) increase in social skills repertoire as the years advance (p< .001); (c) higher frequency of social skills in girls than in boys (p = .040).There were no significant associations between social skills and clinical conditions (p = .539). The study observed that gender and age may interfere with the presence and performance of socially skilled repertoire. Other evaluation techniques may be suggested to complement the investigated data and allow for future interventions to similar samples. (AU)

Resilience and related factors in plateau soldiers / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To research the resilience and influencing factors of the plateau soldiers.Methods Resilience Scale for Adult (RSA),Symptom Checklist (SCL-90),Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) was used in this study to 756 plateau soldiers.Results ①The high resilience has been found in plateau soldiers (2.78 ± 0.47 ).There were significantly differences in three education levels of the plateau soldiers in planned of future (F =3.261,P =0.039 ),family cohesion (F =6.428,P =0.002 ),structure style(F=4.135,P=0.016) and RSA scores(F=4.162,P=0.016),and college ＞ senior high school ＞ junior high school.②Compared to the lower group in the RSA,the higher group scored significantly higher in extraversion ( t =13.004,P =0.000) and self-efficacy ( t =12.956,P =0.000 ),while lower in SCL-90 ( t =10.308,P =0.000) and neuroticism( t =11.297,P =0.000).③Resilience had significantly positive relation with self-efficacy ( r =0.48 ) and extraversion ( r =0.46 ),and negative relation with neuroticism ( r =- 0.42 ) andSCL-90( r =-0.41 ).The self-efficacy extraversion and neuroticism have nice predictive ability (42％).Conclusion The Resilience of plateau soldiers are good condition,self-efficacy,extraversion,and neuroticism are important influencing factors for plateau soldiers.

Liderança, estilos pessoais, estratégias e desempenho de micro e pequenos empresários do setor industrial de Fortaleza / Leadership, Personal Style, Performance and Strategies of Micro and Small Entrepreneurs of the Industry Sector of Fortaleza

Este estudo investigou as relações entre características pessoais, tendências de caráter e estratégias adotadas por empresários e sua relação com o sucesso de pequenas empresas do setor industrial de Fortaleza. As análises dos dados coletados mostraram que, a exemplo do que foi comprovado em estudos anteriores, determinadas características pessoais são mais associadas ao bom desempenho empresarial e tal associação é reforçada por estratégias relevantes para esse tipo de empresário. Além de comprovar achados de estudos anteriores sobre essas relações, o estudo atual revelou que é possível identificar traços de caráter que, somados ou identificados com características pessoais e estratégias psicológicas ou empresariais, melhoram o desempenho empresarial. Identificou-se uma tendência predominante dos seguintes estilos de caráter no grupo pesquisado: individualista cívico e coletivista seguidos do individualista heróico, narcisista e obsessivo. A consciência de sua competência, assumir o trabalho como valor supremo, compartilhar suas decisões e ter a capacidade de reavaliação a partir dos próprios erros foram algumas características relacionadas aos estilos: individualista cívico e coletivista. O estudo evidenciou que empresários com bons índices de desempenho são também os mais satisfeitos e realizados a nível pessoal e profissional, reforçando a relação entre sucesso objetivo e subjetivo. Entre as estratégias mais utilizadas, "orientação empresarial para o desempenho da empresa e dos empregados", "prática da inovação e do uso da criatividade" e "profissionalismo" estão entre as mais efetivas para o alcance do sucesso empresarial.

This study investigates the relations between personal characteristics, trends of character and strategies adopted by entrepreneurs and its relation with the success of small companies of the industrial sector of Fortaleza. The analysis of the data collected shows that, similarly to what was proven in previous studies, certain personal characteristics are more associated to a good business performance, and such association is strengthened by strategies relevant for this kind of businessperson. Besides proving conclusions of previous studies about these relations, the present work revealed that it is possible to identify character traits that, added to or identified with personal characteristics and psychological or business strategies, improve the business performance. A predominant trend of the following styles of character in the searched group was identified: civic and collectivist individualist followed by heroic, narcissist and obsessive individualist. The awareness of their ability, assuming work as a supreme value, sharing their decisions and the capacity of reassessing from their own mistakes, were some characteristics related to the styles: civic and collectivist individualist. The study evidenced that entrepreneurs with good performance indices are also the most satisfied and fulfilled at the personal and professional levels, strengthening the relationship between objective and subjective success. Among the most employed strategies: "business guidance for the performance of the company and its employees", "practice of innovation and use of creativity" and "professionalism" are the most effective for attaining business success.

Identifying the Effect of Personal, Foodservice and Organizational Characteristics on Foodservice Managers' Job Satisfaction by the Contract Management Company Scale / 대한지역사회영양학회지

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influences of contract foodservice managers' personal characteristics, foodservice characteristics and organizational characteristics on job satisfaction, including interpersonal relationships, self-actualization and promotion opportunity categories. A survey was administered to four hundred contract foodservice managers of five large companies and five small/medium companies in the Seoul and Kyungin areas. The final response rate was 66% (N = 265), and the data were analyzed using SPSS Windows (ver. 12.0). The respondents were 76.1% female, average age 28.8 years, and 73.0% were regular workers. Contract foodservices have profit and loss contracts (69.1%), single menu types (59.6%) and buffet serving styles (37.7%). There are significant differences of job satisfaction by some personal characteristic variables (gender, martial status, age, education, position, work hours, period of working for the present company, and payroll per year) and foodservice characteristic variables (type of contract and charge of food costs). In three job satisfaction categories, foodservice managers reported the highest interpersonal relationship satisfaction, following self-actualization satisfaction and promotion opportunity satisfaction in both large companies and small/medium companies. However, foodservice managers of large companies tended to be more satisfied regarding their promotion opportunities than foodservice managers of small/medium companies (P < 0.05). Work hours, number of meals served/day, male, workload, communication with the clients, relationship with co-workers, obvious role and autonomy were significant factors to increase the job satisfaction in contract foodservices of large companies. On the other hand, relationships with co-workers and males were significant factors to increase the job satisfaction in contract foodservices of small/medium companies. This research suggests that contract foodservice companies need to understand the characteristics of their managers, foodservices and organizations to enhance the job satisfaction of foodservice managers and to develop specified human resource management strategies that can be applied to each company scale.

The Impacts of Personal Characteristics and Company-Related Characteristics on the Job Satisfaction of Dietitians Engaged in Contract Food Service Management Company / 대한지역사회영양학회지

The purposes of this study were to measure job satisfaction levels of dietitians engaged a in contract food service management company, and to examine the impacts of personal characteristics and organizational characteristics on the job satisfaction of dietitians. The questionnaires developed for this study were distributed to 230 dietitians of contract food service management companies in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas, and a total of 187 (81.3%) questionnaires were used for analysis. Statistical analyses were completed using SPSS (Win 11.5) for descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, t-test and ANOVA. The average job satisfaction score of the dietitians was 2.83, which is lower than "not satisfied" and "not dissatisfied" (3). "Marital status" (p < 0.001), "payroll per year" (p < 0.001), "age" (p < 0.05) and "work experience as a dietitians" (p < 0.05) had significant effects on job satisfaction of work and environmental factors. "Operating group" (p < 0.05), "type of menu" and "type of service" also affected the job satisfaction. Overall, it is important that managers of contract food service management companies establish specified human resource management strategies with understandings of the characteristics of their dietitians and companies to enhance the job satisfaction of dietitians, and to achieve their managerial goals.

Analysis of the Service Quality Provided by Foodserice Workers in Restaurants / 대한지역사회영양학회지

Consistently delivering good service quality is a complex and dynamic process. In this matter, service differs from tangible products and is highly dependent on the business and service provider. Therefore, efficiently managing the process of delivering service quality can contribute to profits for organization and satisfaction to customers. This study was performed to define service quality, and to investigate the personal and operational characteristics that impacts the service quality provided by foodservice provider. The responses from 278 foodservice providers and 427 customers in 82 fast-food and family restaurants were used in this analysis. Descriptive, Factor Analysis, T-test, ANOVA, and Correlation Analysis were used for statistical Analysis. The Results of this study were as follows : 1) The perception of foodservice provider was significantly higher than that of the customers in most of the 21 service quality attributes. 2) The 6 dimensions derived from Factor Analysis explained 56.8% for service quality. 3) Among the personal characteristics of the foodservice provider, the level of education and the position in the job led to a significant difference in some of the service qualities. 4) The type of restaurant played an important role in foodservice providers' perception of service quality. 5) Month since opening had a negative correlation with 'Atmosphere' and a positive correlation with 'Reputation', while the number of seats showed a positive correlation with 'Atmosphere' and a negative correlation with 'Food' and 'Convenience'. 6) In general, the characteristics of sales had a positive correlation with service quality. 7) The proportion of part-time employees showed a negative correlation with 'Atmosphere' and 'Food', and a positive correlation with 'Reputation'.

A importância das características pessoais dos estudantes de medicina na sua educação

Resumo: Neste artigo são apresentados relatos resumidos dos principais trabalhos sobre "Características pessoais de estudantes de Medicina", divulgados cm sessão es­pecífica de recente congresso internacional de Educação Médica. Nessa sessão, foram abordados aspectos como gênero, filosofia de vida, "tradicionalismo", habilidades analíticas e ele comunicação verbal e escrita, rastreamento de estudantes com qualidades pessoais negativas e estilos de aprendizagem, entre outros. O autor comenta a importância de se considerar aspectos não cognitivos em várias etapas da Educação Médica. Salienta que a aplicação efetiva deste conceito vai depender do aumento do conhecimento nesta área. Assim sendo, investigações sobre novos aspectos de atributos bem conhecidos dos estudantes, o descobrimento de novas características e estudos sobre a utilidade dos instrumentos disponíveis para a investigação deste assunto, são necessários. O entendimento do papel das características pessoais dos estudantes e a sua incorporação pelas escolas médicas resultará em educação mais apropriada e efetiva.

Summary: Abridged abstracts of selected papers on "Characteristics of Students" presented at a recently held international meeting on Medical Education are presented. A number of topic were covered, including gender, life philosophy, "traditionalism", analytic and communication skills, screening of medical students with negative personal characteristics and learning styles. The importance of non-cognitive attributes in different stages of Medical Education is stressed. Research on new aspects of well know characteristics, disclosure of new abilities and studies on methods for the investigation of personal characteristics of medical students are strongly needed. Production and incorporation of new knowledge on personal characteristics of students will increase the approprietedness and effectiveness of Medical Education.