Removal of nutrients from Organic Liquid Agricultural Waste using filamentous algae / Remoção de nutrientes de Resíduos Agrícolas Líquidos Orgânicos utilizando algas filamentosas

Abstract A feasibility analysis of tertiary treatment for Organic Liquid Agricultural Waste is presented using filamentous algae belonging to the genus Cladophora sp. as an alternative to chemical tertiary treatment. The main advantages of tertiary treatments that use biological systems are the low cost investment and the minimal dependence on environmental variables. In this work we demonstrate that filamentous algae reduces the nutrient load of nitrate (circa 75%) and phosphate (circa 86%) from the organic waste effluents coming from dairy farms after nine days of culture, with the added advantage being that after the treatment period, algae removal can be achieved by simple procedures. Currently, the organic wastewater is discarded into fields and local streams. However, the algae can acquire value as a by-product since it has various uses as compost, cellulose, and biogas. A disadvantage of this system is that clean water must be used to achieve enough water transparency to allow algae growth. Even so, the nutrient reduction system of the organic effluents proposed is friendly to the ecosystem, compared to tertiary treatments that use chemicals to precipitate and collect nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates.

Resumo Uma análise de viabilidade do tratamento terciário para Resíduos Agrícola Líquidos Orgânicos é apresentada usando algas filamentosas pertencentes ao gênero Cladophora sp. como alternativa ao tratamento químico terciário. Os tratamentos terciários que utilizam sistemas biológicos têm baixo custo de investimento e a dependência de variáveis ​​ambientais é mínima. Neste trabalho, é demonstrado que essas algas filamentosas reduzem a carga nutricional de nitrato (circa 75%) e fosfato (circa 86%) dos efluentes de resíduos orgânicos provenientes de fazendas de leite em nove dias de cultura e tem a vantagem de que as algas podem ser facilmente coletadas posteriormente. Atualmente, as águas residuais orgânicas são descartadas nos campos e córregos locais. Posteriormente, as algas podem ser consideradas como matéria prima, uma vez que possuem várias utilidades como composto, celulose e biogás. Uma desvantagem desse sistema é que água limpa deve ser usada para obter transparência de água suficiente para permitir o crescimento de algas. Mesmo assim, o sistema de redução de nutrientes dos efluentes orgânicos propostos e amigável ao ecossistema, comparado aos tratamentos terciários que utilizam produtos químicos para precipitar e coletar nutrientes como nitratos e fosfatos.

Removal of COD, BOD and nutrients in swine manure wastewater using freshwater green microalgae

@#Aims:The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of freshwater green microalgae in remediating swine manure wastewater. Two different species of freshwater green microalgae (Scenedesmus quadricaudaand Stigeocloniumsp.) were used in this study.Methodology and results:Laboratory experiments were performed to compare the growth rate and nutrients (total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen) uptake by these two species of microalgae in swine manure wastewater. Experimental work was carried out for 14 days at room temperature of 30±1 °C with about 1520 Lux of light intensity. The results showed that both microalgae grew well in swine manure wastewater. S.quadricaudaperformed better in remediating swine manure wastewater, by reducing 83.99% of COD, 80.39% of BOD5, 84.78% of total phosphorus (TP), 91.79% of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), 89.79% of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) and 87.14% of nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) compared to Stigeocloniumsp. which was only able to remove 79.26% of COD, 76.27% of BOD5,75.17% of TP, 86.42% of NH3-N, 84.38% of NO3-N and 82.38 NO2-N.Conclusion, significance and impact of study:The results of this study indicate that these two species of microalgae have potential to be used in the remediation of swine manure wastewate

Removal of nutrients from Organic Liquid Agricultural Waste using filamentous algae

Abstract A feasibility analysis of tertiary treatment for Organic Liquid Agricultural Waste is presented using filamentous algae belonging to the genus Cladophora sp. as an alternative to chemical tertiary treatment. The main advantages of tertiary treatments that use biological systems are the low cost investment and the minimal dependence on environmental variables. In this work we demonstrate that filamentous algae reduces the nutrient load of nitrate (circa 75%) and phosphate (circa 86%) from the organic waste effluents coming from dairy farms after nine days of culture, with the added advantage being that after the treatment period, algae removal can be achieved by simple procedures. Currently, the organic wastewater is discarded into fields and local streams. However, the algae can acquire value as a by-product since it has various uses as compost, cellulose, and biogas. A disadvantage of this system is that clean water must be used to achieve enough water transparency to allow algae growth. Even so, the nutrient reduction system of the organic effluents proposed is friendly to the ecosystem, compared to tertiary treatments that use chemicals to precipitate and collect nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates.

Resumo Uma análise de viabilidade do tratamento terciário para Resíduos Agrícola Líquidos Orgânicos é apresentada usando algas filamentosas pertencentes ao gênero Cladophora sp. como alternativa ao tratamento químico terciário. Os tratamentos terciários que utilizam sistemas biológicos têm baixo custo de investimento e a dependência de variáveis ambientais é mínima. Neste trabalho, é demonstrado que essas algas filamentosas reduzem a carga nutricional de nitrato (circa 75%) e fosfato (circa 86%) dos efluentes de resíduos orgânicos provenientes de fazendas de leite em nove dias de cultura e tem a vantagem de que as algas podem ser facilmente coletadas posteriormente. Atualmente, as águas residuais orgânicas são descartadas nos campos e córregos locais. Posteriormente, as algas podem ser consideradas como matéria prima, uma vez que possuem várias utilidades como composto, celulose e biogás. Uma desvantagem desse sistema é que água limpa deve ser usada para obter transparência de água suficiente para permitir o crescimento de algas. Mesmo assim, o sistema de redução de nutrientes dos efluentes orgânicos propostos e amigável ao ecossistema, comparado aos tratamentos terciários que utilizam produtos químicos para precipitar e coletar nutrientes como nitratos e fosfatos.

Bioremediation: A Sustainable Tool for Environmental Management – A Review.

Bioremediation is considered as one of the safer, cleaner, cost effective and environmental friendly technology for decontaminating sites which are contaminated with wide range of pollutants. Various industrial and anthropogenic activities resulted in increased contaminated sites due to unawareness regarding production, use and disposal of hazardous substances. The process of bioremediation uses various agents such as bacteria, yeast, fungi, algae and higher plants as major tools in treating oil spills and heavy metals present in the environment. A continuous search for the new biological forms is required to regulate increasing pollution and environmental problems faced by man residing in an area. As microorganism shows wide range of mechanisms, there are still few mechanisms which are not known, therefore bioremediation is still considered as a developing technology. Thus, there is an urgent need to for us to review and modify the available options for environmental clean up. The objective of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive review on various sources of bioremediation agents and their limitations in treating pollutants present in the environment.