ABSTRACT
Background: The aim is to know gender wise development and morphological variation of the frontal sinus in the pediatric age group of Gurugram district of Haryana. The development and pneumatisation of the frontal sinus is the predictor of skeletal growth pattern. The craniofacial structures grow proportionately with the normal development of the body structures. Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 36 subjects were studied. The study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis of SGT Medical College, Budhera (Gurugram) Haryana from January 2019 to March 2019. This included 12 females and 24 males falling in the age group of 8-18 years. The frontal sinuses were evaluated on various morphological features. Plain X-Ray of paranasal sinus was evaluated by Caldwell’s view. The sinuses were evaluated for width, height, number of scallops, septations and supraorbital cells. Results: Average width and height of left frontal sinuses were 23.8 mm with the range of 5.5 – 43 mm and 28.4 mm with the range of 13-45 mm respectively. Average width and height of right frontal sinuses were 20.4 mm with the range of 9.8 – 39 mm and 20 mm with the range of 13-38 mm respectively. The average number of scalloping on right and left were 1.9 and 2.19 respectively. The septations were noticed in 13 (36.11%) on left and in 16 (44.44%) on right side. Supraorbital cells were found in 16 (44.44%) on left side and 17 (47.22%) on right side. Conclusion: There is a lot of variation in the appearance and development of the frontal sinus in pediatric age group. The dimensions had been found smaller on right side as compared to left side. Scalloping and supraorbital cells had been found more on right side than on the left side. Septations were more on left side as compared to right side.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The sinonasal region is often imaged because of infectious and allergic diseases of the nasal cavityand paranasal sinuses. Improved knowledge of normal pneumatization and development of paranasal sinusesis important to allow sinus diseases to be evaluated and an adequate treatment to be proposed.Materials and methods: 100 patients (72 males and 28 females) undergoing coronal and axial sections of computedtomography scan of maxillary sinus of head and neck aged between 1year to 90 years at the Radiology Department,Vydehi Institute of Medical Science & Research Centre Bangalore for reasons other than due to craniofacialabnormalities or sinus problem were taken for the study. Volume and dimensions of the maxillary sinuses withits anatomical variations were obtained. Mean, SD, significant difference between age & gender was calculated.Results: Maxillary sinuses in Males on both sides have higher values in mean height, depth and volume thanfemales except right side width which was lesser in value than females. All the mean parameters were more onleft sinus both in male and females, except mean height of right sinus in males, on side comparison all the meanparameters were more on right side in females. There is a significant difference in mean height of right and leftmaxillary sinus in between male and female. There is a significant difference on right and left side widthbetween male and female in the age group 51-60 yrs and 61-70 yrs. The maximum age growth in males was during11-20 yrs and 41-50 yrs in height, width and volume, in 21-30 yrs and 31-40 yrs in depth, later dimensions weredecreasing in growth by 61-70 yrs in height and 81-90 yrs both in depth, width and volume. In females maximumgrowth was in 21-30 yrs and 51-70 yrs for height, depth, volume, 11-20 yrs and 51-60 yrs for width dimensions, laterdecreases by 61-70 yrs onwards in height, width and 11-20 yrs in depth and volume.Conclusion: These results will be helpful in understanding normal and pathological conditions of the maxillarysinuses and useful in clinical planning of medical or surgical interventions of the maxillary sinuses
ABSTRACT
Background: The uncinate process is an important landmark in the anatomy of osteo-meatal complex of frontal recess which also plays a vital role in the ventilation of middle meatus and sinuses. Its superior attachment shows great anatomic variability. The aim of this study was to observe and classify superior attachment and presence of pneumatisation in uncinate process. Materials and methods: Computed tomographic images of paranasal region from 100 patients were studied retrospectively. In 100 patients, 54 belonged tomale and 46 female and were in the age group of 11 to 75 years with an average of 32.7 years. The superior attachment of uncinate process was observed and tabulated according to Landsberg and Friedman classification and pneumatisation of uncinate process was also noted. The results were analysed statistically. Results: The superior attachment of uncinate process was observed in 200 sides out of 100 patients and its attachment to the agger nasi cells (type - 2) was found in 36% while its attachment to lamina papyracea (type – 1) and to middle turbinate (type – 6) were found in 19% and 20% respectively. Uncinate process ending at the junction of middle turbinate with cribriform plate (type – 4), at the ethmoid skull base (type – 5), bifurcating towards lamina papyracea and junction of middle turbinate with cribriform plate (type – 3) were seen in 2%, 8% and 5% respectively. In 11%, the superior end showed no attachment to surrounding structures. The uncinate process was pneumatised in 34 of 200 sides (17%), among which 45.5% was unilateral and 54.5% bilateral. Conclusion: Preoperatively evaluating variations of uncinate process and its pneumatisation helps to avoid intraoperative damage to surrounding structures. The detailed knowledge of extent of uncinate process may also help to deduce the reason for refractory chronic sinusitis.
ABSTRACT
El seno maxilar representa la estructura anatómica más importante del maxilar superior y, al mismo tiempo, el límite principal anatómico de la inserción de losimplantes en este sector. Por este motivo el aumento de volúmen óseo o levantamiento de piso de seno maxilaren caso de maxilares edéntulos con senos neumatizados es una opción viable de desarrollar mediante diferentestécnicas, siempre que los senos maxilares se encuentren en condiciones fisiológicas de ventilación óptimas
Maxillary sinnus is the most important anatomicstructure in the maxillary one. It is the limit because ofimplant pleacement.1For that reason, the augmented thebone tissue in sinus floor elevation of edentulous poste-rior maxilla with pneumatisation is an excellent optionto be developed with differents techniques, in the casemaxillary sinnus were without any pain to work.