ABSTRACT
Abstract: Polychaetes are common in coastal and estuarine environments worldwide and constitute one of the most complex groups of marine invertebrates. The morpho-physiology of the female reproductive system (FRS) can be understood by using histological tools to describe reproductive cycle and gametogenesis paths and, among other purposes, aiming to identify and differentiate polychaete species. However, this histology-based approach is rarely combined with molecular tools, which is known to accurately delimitate species. In the same way, the description and understanding of oogenesis and vitellogenesis paths within polychaetes are lacking for most families, narrowing the range of its utility. Therefore, the present study aims to describe the oogenesis in three polychaete species common and abundant on the South American Atlantic coast (Laeonereis culveri, Scolelepis goodbodyi and Capitella biota) and investigate the utility of reproductive features and gametogenesis as a relevant associate knowledge to discriminate species, particularly useful for putative cryptic species, integrated with morphological and molecular data. In a first attempt, the results obtained herein allow the authors to describe two new subtypes of oogenesis, dividing it in extraovarian oogenesis type I and II and intraovarian type I and II. The results also demonstrate that the following histological characters of the FRS can be relevant for the separation of related species: a) oogenesis type, b) occurrence or absence of a true ovary, c) ovary tissue organization, d) type of accessory cells present, and e) oocyte morphology. Additionally, these histological features of FRS, when compared with correlated species studied under this scope, converge with the genetic data. The analysis of cytochrome oxidase I (COI) barcode sequences differentiates between North and South American Atlantic populations of L. culveri (16.78% genetic distance), while in S. goodbodyi and C. biota it discriminates them from their congeneric species. These results highlight the importance of multi-tool approach and shows that both FRS histology and histo-physiology, and DNA barcoding can be used to identify and discriminate cryptic species, which is usually not possible when using morphological characters. Besides, these characters may also be useful in differentiating related species, and/or geographically distinct populations among polychaetes.
Resumo: Os poliquetas são comuns em ambientes costeiros e estuarinos em todo o mundo e constituem um dos grupos mais complexos de invertebrados marinhos. A morfo-fisiologia do sistema reprodutor feminino (FRS) pode ser compreendida por meio de ferramentas histológicas para identificar e diferenciar estes anelídeos. No entanto, essa abordagem histológica raramente é combinada com ferramentas moleculares, amplamente conhecidas por delimitar espécies congenéricas ou crípticas com maior precisão. Do mesmo modo, a descrição e o entendimento da oogênese e vitelogênese dentre os poliquetas, para a maioria das famílias, é ainda limitado. Portanto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever a oogênese em três espécies de poliquetas comuns e abundantes na costa sul-americana (Laeonereis culveri, Scolelepis goodbodyi e Capitella biota) e investigar a utilidade das características reprodutivas e da gametogênese como um conhecimento associado relevante para discriminar espécies, particularmente útil para espécies crípticas putativas, integradas a dados morfológicos e moleculares. Os resultados aqui obtidos permitiram descrever dois novos subtipos de oogênese, dividindo-a em oogênese extra-ovariana dos tipos I e II e intra-ovariana dos tipos I e II. Os resultados também demonstram que os seguintes caracteres histológicos do FRS podem ser relevantes para a separação de espécies relacionadas: a) tipo de oogênese, b) presença ou ausência de um ovário verdadeiro, c) organização tissular ovariana, d) tipo de células acessórias presentes e, e) morfologia do ovócito. Além disso, essas características histológicas do FRS, quando comparadas às espécies correlatas estudadas sob esse escopo, convergem com os dados genéticos separando espécies putativas e congenéricas. As análises com DNA barcode demonstraram que em L. culveri é possível diferenciar as populações atlânticas Norte e Sul-americanas (16,78% de distância genética), enquanto para S. goodbodyi e C. biota fica evidente sua distinção com espécies congenéricas. Esses resultados destacam a importância da abordagem com múltiplas ferramentas e mostram que tanto a histologia quanto a histo-fisiologia do FRS e o DNA barcode podem ser usados para identificar e discriminar espécies crípticas e potencialmente crípticas, o que geralmente não é possível quando se utilizam apenas caracteres morfológicos. Além disso, esses caracteres também podem ser úteis na diferenciação de espécies relacionadas e / ou populações geograficamente distintas desses poliquetas.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The polychaete fauna inhabiting Chinchorro Bank has been poorly studied and only 35 species have been previously reported. Objective: To examine the taxonomic composition of the Eunicida and Amphinomida associated to dead coral substrates from this coral reef atoll, a Biosphere Reserve located in the southern Mexican Caribbean. Methods: In April 2008, dead coral fragments of the genus Porites were manually collected by SCUBA diving at eight stations between 4-16.2 m depth. Results: A total of 714 individuals belonging to 17 genera and 48 species of the families Amphinomidae, Dorvilleidae, Eunicidae, Lumbrineridae, Oenonidae and Onuphidae were identified. Eunicidae was clearly the more diverse (29 species; 60.4 %) and abundant family (479 individuals; 67.1 %), while the Oenonidae and Onuphidae were represented by only one individual-species each. Thirty-eight species (79.2 %) were new records for Chinchorro Bank, of which 23 species (47.9 %) were newly reported for the Western Caribbean ecoregion. Conclusions: The polychaete fauna recorded showed that the Chinchorro Bank reef is a species-rich habitat that deserves further study; the 48 species from six families identified were similar or even greater than the number of species reported from dead coral environments of other Caribbean Sea regions.
Introducción: La fauna de poliquetos que habita en el Banco Chinchorro ha sido poco estudiada y solo se han registrado alrededor de 35 especies. Objetivo: Examinar la composición taxonómica de los Amphinomida y Eunicida asociados a sustratos de coral muerto en este atolón coralino, una Reserva de la Biosfera ubicada al sur del Caribe mexicano. Métodos: En abril de 2008 se recolectaron manualmente fragmentos de coral muerto por medio de buceo SCUBA en ocho estaciones entre 4-16.2 m de profundidad. Resultados: Se identificaron 714 individuos pertenecientes a 17 géneros y 48 especies de las familias Amphinomidae, Dorvilleidae, Eunicidae, Lumbrineridae, Oenonidae y Onuphidae. Eunicidae fue claramente la familia más diversa (29 especies, 60.4 %) y abundante (479 individuos, 67.1 %); en cambio Oenonidae y Onuphidae estuvieron representadas por solo un individuo de una especie. Treinta y ocho especies (79.2 %) fueron nuevos registros para el Banco Chinchorro, de las cuales 23 especies (47.9 %) fueron registradas por primera vez en la ecorregión del Caribe Occidental. Conclusiones: La fauna de poliquetos registrada mostró que el arrecife del Banco Chinchorro es un hábitat rico en especies que merece estudios adicionales; las 48 especies de seis familias identificadas fueron similares o incluso superiores al número de especies registradas en ambientes de coral muerto de otras regiones del Mar Caribe.
ABSTRACT
Abstract:The polychaete fauna of the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica has been inadequately characterized with only nine species previously reported. Collections of polychaetes from intertidal coralline rocks and several shallow sub-tidal sites on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica have been examined and 68 species were identified. Of these, 66 are new records for Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65 (1): 127-152. Epub 2017 March 01.
ResumenLa fauna de poliquetos en la costa del Caribe costarricense se ha descrito inadecuadamente con solo 9 especies reportadas anteriormente. Se estudiaron los poliquetos de de las rocas coralinas intermereales y varios sitios submareales someros en la costa del Caribe costarricense y se identificaron 68 especies, de las cuales 66 son nuevos registros para Costa Rica.
Subject(s)
Animals , Polychaeta/classification , Seawater , Biodiversity , Polychaeta/anatomy & histology , Species Specificity , Atlantic Ocean , Caribbean Region , Costa Rica , Animal DistributionABSTRACT
Se estudia la diversidad de anélidos poliquetos asociados al biotopo intermareal del manglar del Santuario Nacional los Manglares de Tumbes, Perú. El muestreo se realizó en dos sitios, uno cercano a la desembocadura y el otro distante aproximadamente 6 km rio arriba. En cada lugar se establecieron dos estaciones fijas, una asociada a zonas bajas del intermareal con presencia de Anadara tuberculosa (ZBI) y otra asociada a la zona altas del intermareal con presencia de Ucides occidentalis (ZBI). Los muestreos se repitieron en diciembre del 2012 y marzo del 2013. El número total de especies de poliquetos registrado fue 57, la composición de especies no fue similar entre las asociaciones y entre las estaciones fijas. Las estaciones asociadas a ZBI tuvieron un mayor número de especies, abundancias e índices de diversidad mayores que las estaciones asociadas a ZAI. En cuanto a los grupos tróficos, las estaciones asociadas a ZAI tuvieron 4 grupos mientras que las estaciones asociadas a ZBI tuvieron 6 grupos tróficos. En la poliquetofauna asociada a ZBI dominaron, en número de especie los carnívoros mientras que en la asociada a ZAI, fueron los carnívoros y los alimentadores de depósito superficial, asimismo dominaron en abundancia los alimentadores de depósito sub superficial. El análisis multivariado demostró diferencia significativa en la estructura y composición trófica de las asociaciones, con mayor dispersión y variabilidad en el ZAI.
The diversity of annelids polychaete associated with intertidal mangrove biotope of the Santuario Nacional los Manglares de Tumbes is studied. Sampling was conducted at two sites, one near the river mouth and the other distant about 6 km upstream. In each place, two fixed stations were established, one associated to high intertidal zone with the presence of Anadara tuberculosa (ZBI) and other associated to low intertidal zone with the presence of Ucides occidentalis (ZAI). The samples were taken in December 2012 and March 2013. The total number of species registered was 57 species composition was not similar between associations and between fixed stations. The stations associated to ZBI had more number of species abundances and indices greater diversity than to ZAI. As trophic groups, the stations associated to ZAI had four groups whereas stations associated to ZBI had 6 trophic groups. The poliquetofauna associated with ZBI dominated in number of species, the carnivores while poliquetofauna associated to ZAI, was carnivores and surface deposit feeders also dominated in abundance subsurface deposit feeders. Multivariate analysis showed significant differences in the structure and trophic composition of partnerships, with greater dispersion and variability in the ZAI.
ABSTRACT
AbstractThe family Nereididae includes more than 500 polychaete species described worldwide, and includes species common in many benthic environments, but some other species may tolerate freshwater or can even thrive in humid substrates in tropical forests. In estuarine environments, nereidid polychaetes can be abundant and relevant as a food source for resident or migratory birds. Laeonereis culveri (Webster, 1879) is a common estuarine species found in tropical and subtropical Atlantic American shores and was described from New Jersey; its median and posterior parapodia have upper notopodial ligules usually longer than the lower ones, and the latter are parallel to the notaciculae throughout the body. L. culveri distribution is from Connecticut to central Argentina; however, this wide distribution might be due to the inclusion of several other species as junior synonyms, despite that some morphological differences were found between them. One of such species is L. nota (Treadwell, 1941), that was described from Texas; its parapodia have notopodial ligules of about the same size, and the lower ones are oblique to the notaciculae. In order to clarify the differences between these two species, and to define which inhabits the Northwestern Caribbean region, topotype materials from these two species and specimens from Chetumal Bay were collected, and their morphological features were compared. Our results indicated that L. culveri and L. nota are different species and that the latter is found in Chetumal Bay. On the basis of mature specimens, L. culveri is hereby restricted to the Northern Gulf of Mexico and Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, and L. nota is reinstated and its distribution extends from Texas, in the Gulf of Mexico to Chetumal Bay, in the Northwestern Caribbean Sea. A key to identify all species in Laeonereis Hartman (1945) is also included.
ResumenLa familia Nereididae incluye especies comunes y frecuentes en muchos ambientes bénticos y cuenta con más de 500 especies en todo el mundo, y algunas pueden tolerar ambientes dulceacuícolas e incluso viven en sustratos húmedos en bosques tropicales. Como ocurre en otras especies estuarinas, los poliquetos neréididos pueden ser abundantes y relevantes como fuente de alimento para aves residentes o migratorias. Laeonereis culveri (Webster, 1879) es una especie común en estuarios, fue descrita de Nueva Jersey, E.U.A.; sus parápodos medianos y posteriores tienen lígulas notopodiales superiores generalmente más largas que las inferiores, y estas últimas son paralelas a las notacículas a lo largo del cuerpo. La distribución de L. culveri comprende desde Connecticut, E.U.A. hasta el litoral central de Argentina; esta amplia distribución podría deberse a la inclusión de otras especies como sinónimos menores, a pesar de las diferencias morfológicas entre ellas. Una de dichas especies, L. nota (Treadwell, 1941) fue descrita de Texas; sus parápodos medios y posteriores tienen lígulas notopodiales superiores de longitud similar a las inferiores, y estas últimas son oblicuas a las notacículas. Para clarificar las diferencias entre estas dos especies y determinar cuál de ellas se encuentra en el Caribe noroccidental, se estudiaron topotipos de ambas especies y se recolectaron ejemplares de la Bahía de Chetumal para comparar sus atributos morfológicos. Nuestros resultados indican que L. culveri y L. nota son especies diferentes y que la última se presenta en la Bahía de Chetumal. Con base en ejemplares maduros, L. culveri se restringe al norte del Golfo de México y Atlántico noroccidental y L. nota se reestablece con una distribución que se extiende desde Texas, en el Golfo de México a la Bahía de Chetumal, en el Caribe noroccidental. También se incluye una clave para la identificación de todas las especies de Laeonereis Hartman, 1945.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Polychaeta/anatomy & histology , Polychaeta/classification , Polychaeta/physiology , Reproduction , MexicoABSTRACT
The subtidal benthos of tropical islands has been poorly studied in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. Several studies have been published on taxonomic collections from oceanic islands in the region, but ecological features and community structure are practically unknown. In the present study, composition of the polychaete community along a depth gradient from the sand bottom of Bahía Chatham, Isla del Coco National Park, Costa Rica is analyzed. Fifty species of polychaetes belonging to 28 families were found. There is a peak in diversity, abundance and richness at 28-30m. The lowest values occurred at 50m depth with values increasing below this depth. The composition of species changed with depth with some species being found only at depths either less than or greater than 50m. This pattern can be explained in part by the location of the thermocline that occurred at around 50m depth.
El bentos submareal de las islas tropicales ha sido poco estudiado en el Pacífico Oriental. Varios estudios se han publicado sobre colecciones taxonómicas de las islas oceánicas de la región, pero las características ecológicas y la estructura de la comunidad son prácticamente desconocidas. En el presente estudio se muestra la composición de la fauna de anélidos poliquetos según un gradiente de profundidad en los fondos arenosos de la Bahía de Chatham, Parque Nacional Isla del Coco, Costa Rica. Cincuenta especies de poliquetos repartidas en 28 familias fueron encontradas. La comunidad muestra un pico en la diversidad, abundancia y riqueza a los 28-30m. Los valores fueron menores a 50m mientras que por debajo de esta profundidad se observó una tendencia hacia un aumento en la riqueza de la comunidad. La composición de las especies cambió de acuerdo a la profundidad y algunas especies sólo se encontraron por debajo o por arriba de los 50m. La ubicación de la termoclina en la profundidad de 50m podría explicar en parte el patrón encontrado.
Subject(s)
Polychaeta/classification , Benthic Fauna/classification , Biodiversity , Pacific Islands , Costa RicaABSTRACT
As part of a larger comparative study, marine polychaete hard-bottom assemblages were surveyed using artificial substrate units (ASUs) deployed at four sites off the islands of Trinidad and Tobago. The polychaete fauna was represented by 19 families comprising 89 species. The syllid Exogone dispar was the most abundant polychaete followed closely by the serpulid Pseudovermilia occidentalis. At the family level, the polychaete fauna inhabiting the ASUs is similar to the fauna from other temperate and tropical locations. Omnivorous species were dominant (70 %), followed by filter feeders (20%). This survey provides first records of the hard-bottom polychaete fauna of Trinidad and Tobago and adds new information about the geographic range of some polychaete species. Rev. Biol. Trop. 58 (1): 147-157. Epub 2010 March 01.
Como parte de un estudio comparativo más amplio, ensamblajes marinos de poliquetos de fondos duros fueron contabilizados utilizando unidades de sustrato artificial ubicadas en cuatro sitios de las islas de Trinidad y Tobago. La fauna de poliquetos estuvo representada por 19 familias, integradas por 89 especies. Exogone dispar fue el poliqueto más abundante seguido cercanamente por Pseudovermilia occidentalis. A nivel de familia, la fauna de poliquetos que habitan las unidades de sustrato artificial es similar a la de otras localidades templadas y tropicales. Las omnívoras fueron las especies dominantes (70%), seguido por las filtradoras (20%). Este estudio proporciona los primeros registros de la fauna de poliquetos del fondo duro de Trinidad y Tobago, y añade nueva información sobre la distribución geográfica de algunas especies de poliquetos.
Subject(s)
Animals , Biodiversity , Polychaeta/classification , Analysis of Variance , Population Density , Trinidad and TobagoABSTRACT
In the present study, four species of Nephtyidae, Aglaophamus juvenalis (Kinberg 1866), Nephtys acrochaeta Hartman 1950, Nephtys californiensis Hartman 1938 and Nephtys squamosa Ehlers 1887, were found from the intertidal zone to the shallow sublittoral (<50 m) off São Paulo, Brazil, during the program BIOTA/FAPESP Marine Benthos. Descriptions and notes on each of them are provided. Nephtys californiensis is a new record for the Brazilian coast. Keys to genera and species of Nephtyidae recorded from Brazil are given.
Neste estudo, quatro espécies de Nephtyidae: Aglaophamus juvenalis (Kinberg 1866), Nephtys acrochaeta Hartman 1950, Nephtys californiensis Hartman 1938 e Nephtys squamosa Ehlers 1887 foram coletadas desde a região entremarés até o sublitoral raso (<50 m) da costa de São Paulo, Brasil, durante o Programa BIOTA/FAPESP Bentos Marinho. Descrições e comentários são fornecidos para cada uma delas. Nephtys californiensis é um novo registro para a costa brasileira. Chaves para gêneros e espécies de Nephtyidae registrados no Brasil são fornecidas.
Subject(s)
Annelida/classification , Biodiversity , Coasts/analysis , Benthic Fauna/analysis , Benthic Fauna/classification , Marine Fauna/analysis , Marine Fauna/classificationABSTRACT
In the present study, we report the presence of the nereidid polychaete Laeonereis acuta near to the estuarine areas of Parnaíba River, extending its distribution towards the north of the northeastern Brazilian coast.
No presente estudo, nós relatamos a presença do poliqueta nereídídeo Laeonereis acuta próximo à região estuarina do rio Parnaíba, ampliando sua distribuição para o litoral norte do nordeste brasileiro.
Subject(s)
Annelida/classification , Coasts/analysis , Coasts/adverse effects , Ecology , Ecosystem/analysis , Ecosystem/classification , Ecosystem/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Santa Cruz and El Gambute, two mangrove systems with associated tidal flats, were sampled in Coiba National Park, Coiba Island, Pacific of Panama. At each site, two samplings were done at low, middle and high intertidal levels in February and November of 1997. A new orbiniid species were found: Orbinia oligopapillata n. sp. is characterized by having 15-16 thoracic chaetigers with four or five rows of uncini and up to three papilliform postchaetal processes on neuropodial lobes by the abdominal parapodia bearing flail-tipped neurochaetae, and by the presence on anterior-most abdominal chaetigers of interramal cirri and a low number of subpodial and stomach papillae. A specimen belonging to genus Leitoscoloplos Day, 1977 is described as "Leitoscoloplos sp.", characterized by the lateral pouches on its abdominal chaetigers, a unique case for the family because these brooding structures have only been previously cited in two species of Scoloplos. Naineris sp. is characterized by the number of its thoracic chaetigers, branchiae, uncini and bilobed abdominal neuropodia with protruding aciculae.
En el Parque Nacional de Coiba, costa pacífica de Panamá, hay manglares con playas asociadas. Estudiamos la fauna de dos poliquetos orbínidos de Santa Cruz y El Gambute. En cada playa se eligieron puntos de muestreo al nivel de marea baja, media y alta y cada uno se realizaron dos muestreos, en febrero y noviembre de 1997. Encontramos individuos no identificables con certeza y una especie nueva: Orbinia oligopapillata n. sp., la cual se caracteriza por tener 15-16 setígeros torácicos con cuatro o cinco filas de uncinos y hasta tres procesos postsetales papiliformes en los lóbulos neuropodiales, por los parápodos abdominales provistos de sedas en bayoneta y por la presencia en los setígeros abdominales anteriores de papilas estomacales en escaso número. Leitoscoloplos sp. se caracteriza por llevar bolsillos laterales en los setígeros abdominales, caracter único en el género y que en la familia solo ha sido citada en dos especies del género Scoloplos. Naineris sp. se caracteriza por el número de setígeros torácicos, sus branquias, sus uncinos y sus neuropodios abdominales, bilobulados y con la acícula sobresaliente.
Subject(s)
Animals , Polychaeta/anatomy & histology , Polychaeta/classification , PanamaABSTRACT
Polychaetes inhabiting deep-sea soft bottoms from the southeastern Gulf of California were collected during four oceanographic cruises during 2000 and 2001. Sampling of benthic organisms was performed with a benthic sledge to collect epifauna and a Karling dredge for epifauna and infauna, in a depth range from 732 to 2 250 m. A list of the polychaetes that were collected and their distribution are presented here. A total of 73 species (distributed among 33 families) were identified. Moreover, 11 species were identified only to genus level and 20 species only to family level. With the exception of Ancistrosyllis hartmanae and Melinnampharete eoa, all identified species have been previously reported in soft bottoms of the Gulf of California or in adjacent areas. Additional previously unreported information is provided herein regarding depth ranges, geographical distribution, morphology and tubes inhabited by the organisms. The morphology of the ampharetids Amage sp. and Samytha sp. does not coincide with that of other species in these genera reported for the Gulf of California, which suggests that they are probably undescribed species.
Se recolectaron anélidos poliquetos de fondos profundos del SE del golfo de California durante cuatro campañas oceanográficas entre 2000 y 2001. El muestreo de organismos bentónicos se llevó a cabo mediante una draga de arrastre bentónica para recolectar epifauna y una draga tipo Karling para epifauna y endofauna, en un intervalo de profundidad de 732 a 2 250 m. Se presenta un listado de poliquetos con su distribución dentro del área de estudio. En total se identificaron 73 especies (distribuidas en 33 familias). Además, 11 especies fueron identificadas a nivel genérico y 20 a nivel de familia. Con excepción de Ancistrosyllis hartmanae y Melinnampharete eoa, todas las especies habían sido registradas en fondos blandos del golfo de California o zonas adyacentes. Se proporciona nueva información sobre los intervalos de profundidad, la distribución geográfica, la morfología y la descripción de tubos donde los organismos fueron encontrados. Las características morfológicas de Amage sp. y Samytha sp. no coinciden con las especies de estos géneros registradas en el golfo de California, lo que sugiere que podría tratarse de especies no descritas.
Subject(s)
Animals , Polychaeta/classification , Mexico , Population Density , Population DynamicsABSTRACT
During a study carried out on soft bottoms from Coiba National Park (Panama), 218 specimens of syllids (Annelida: Polychaeta) belonging to 19 interstitial species have been identified. Two species are new reports for the Pacific Ocean, Exogone (Exogone) arenosa Perkins, 1981 and Streptosyllis websteri Southern, 1914; five are new for Panama, E. (E.) dispar (Webster, 1879); E. (E.) longicornis Westheide, 1974; Salvatoria mediodentata (Westheide, 1974); Pionosyllis heterocirrata (Hartmann-Schrõder, 1959) and Syllis glarearia (Westheide, 1974). A characteristic not mentioned in the original description is herein reported for E. (E.) longicornis: the presence of triangular subterminal processes in the spiniger-like compound chaetae of chaetiger one. Specimens of the species Syllis botosaneanui Hartmann-Schrõder, 1973 harboring inside embryos of various stages of development have been found; this is the first report for this species as viviparous. Lastly, one specimen of the genus Syllis has been found that is mainly characterized by its long pharynx, two dorsal prostomial lobes, and compound chaetae with short blades and long spinulation. Because we consider that one specimen is not sufficient to describe a new species we refer it as Syllis sp.
Durante un estudio sobre la fauna marina del Parque Nacional de Coiba (Panamá) se identificaron 281 ejemplares de sílidos (Annelida: Polychaeta) intersticiales pertenecientes a 19 especies. Dos son nuevas citas para el Pacífico, Exogone (Exogone) arenosa Perkins, 1981 y Streptosyllis websteri Southern, 1914; cinco son nuevas citas para Panamá, E. (E.) dispar (Webster, 1879), E. (E.) longicornis Westheide, 1974, Salvatoria mediodentata (Westheide, 1974); Pionosyllis heterocirrata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1959) y Syllis glarearia (Westheide, 1974). Se describe un caracter no presente en la descripción original de E. Longicornis, la presencia de procesos triangulares subterminales en la primera pseudospinígera. Se describen ejemplares de la especie Syllis botosaneanui Hartmann-Schröder, 1973 con embriones en diverso estado de desarrollo en su interior, por lo que se trata de la primera referencia de esta especie como vivípara. Por último, se describe un ejemplar de Syllis sp., que se caracteriza fundamentalmente por la posesión de una larga faringe, dos lóbulos prostomiales dorsales y por sus sedas compuestas de artejos cortos y larga espinulación. Estas características diferencian a Syllis sp. de cualquier especie del género pero no se describe como especie nueva por disponerse únicamente de un solo ejemplar.
Subject(s)
Animals , Polychaeta/anatomy & histology , Conservation of Natural Resources , Panama , Polychaeta/classificationABSTRACT
Se revisa Pectinaria chilensis de la costa de Chile a partir de ejemplares recolectados en fondos blandos sublitorales, entre 45 y 93m de profundidad, en cuatro localidades del norte de Chile. Estos especímenes fueron comparados con ejemplares recolectados a 17m de profundidad en Coronel, Golfo de Arauco, Chile, localidad tipo de la especie. Se incluye una caracterización taxonómica, ilustraciones, y nuevas localidades en la distribución geográfica de la especie. Se provee información del hábitat (batimetría, tipo de sedimento, contenido de materia orgánica total y O2 disuelto de fondo) y se incluye una clave para diferenciar las dos especies de Pectinariidae registradas en Chile.
The taxonomy, geographical distribution, and ecological aspects of Pectinaria chilensis are reviewed. Specimens were collected in sublittoral soft bottoms, between 45 and 93m depth, at four localities in northern Chile. These specimens are compared with individuals collected from 17m depth at Coronel, Gulf of Arauco, Chile, the type locality of the species. A taxonomic characterization, illustrations and a list of new localities in the geographical distribution of this species are presented. Ecological information (bathymetry, sediment type, total organic matter content and dissolved O2 concentration of sea water above the bottom) is included, as well as a key for differentiating the two Pectinariidae species registered in Chile to date.
Revisa-se Pectinaria chilensis da costa do Chile a partir de exemplares recolhidos em fundos brandos sub-litorais, entre 45 e 93m de profundidade, em quatro localidades ao norte do Chile. Estes espécimes foram comparados com exemplares recolhidos a 17m de profundidade em Coronel, Golfo de Arauco, Chile, localidade padrão da espécie. Se inclui uma caracterização taxonômica, ilustrações, e novas localidades na distribuição geográfica da espécie. Se fornece informação do hábitat (batimetria, tipo de sedimento, conteúdo de matéria orgânica total e O2 dissolvido de fundo) e se inclui uma clave para diferenciar as duas espécies de Pectinariidae registradas no Chile.
ABSTRACT
Eleven species of Capitellidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) belonging to eight genera are reported from the subtidal and intertidal of the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. Three species, Mediomastus ambiseta, M. californiensis and Notomastus hemipodus, are found in highest abundances and are widespread in subtidal and intertidal environments. A taxonomic key to these species is included.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Polychaeta/classification , Costa Rica , Pacific Ocean , Polychaeta/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
Fifteen species of Nereididae (Annelida: Polychaeta) belonging to nine genera are reported from the subtidal and intertidal of the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica. A new species, Nereis costaricaensis, is described. Laeonereis brunnea Hartmann-Schrõder 1959 is removed from synonomy with L. culveri (Webster 1880) while Perinereis seridentata (Hartmann-Schrõder 1959) is moved from the genus Neanthes based upon the presence of bar-shaped paragnaths on area VI of the proboscis. The presence of Neanthes micromma Harper 1979 is an extension of the range of this species from the Gulf of California and Neanthes roosevelti Hartman 1939 is the first record of this species since its description from the Galapagos. A taxonomic key to these nereidid species is included.