ABSTRACT
@#【Objective】 To explore the prescriptions related to the treatment of spleen and stomach diseases in Prescriptions of Peaceful Benevolent Dispensary (Tai Ping Hui Min He Ji Ju Fang,《太平惠民和剂局方》, TPHMHJJF), and investigate the medication and prescription rules. 【Methods】 The prescriptions of TPHMHJJF for treating spleen and stomach diseases were screened, and the data set was established by entering the prescriptions and standardized drug names using WPS Excel 2019. Herb frequency statistics, efficacy categorization, property, flavor, meridian tropism, association rules, cluster analysis, factor analysis, and complex network analysis were performed using Python 3.6.8 programming language and Gephi 0.9.2 visualization software. 【Results】 A total of 239 prescriptions were included after the screening, and the dosage forms were mainly pills and powders. The study involved 200 herbal medicines, among which 40 herbs had a frequency of ≥ 12. The herb with the highest frequency was Ganjiang (Zingiber Rhizoma). The herb properties were mainly warm in nature, with the most pungent herbs. Most herbs were attributed to the spleen and stomach meridians, and tonifying medicine were the main species. The association rule analysis identified 26 second-order association rules and 16 third-order association rules, with "Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) → Fuling (Poria)" as the leading rule in the former and "Fuling (Poria) + Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizome) → Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma)" as the leading rule in the latter. Also, cluster analysis divided the top 30 herbs into six herb combinations that can warm the middle, move Qi, and dry dampness effectively. Factor analysis extracted 13 common factors, with Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizome) as the highest contributing factors. Lastly, complex network analysis yielded the core prescription of 14 herbs, with Ganjiang (Zingiber Rhizoma), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizome), and Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) among the herbs with a higher weighting degree. 【Conclusion】 TPHMHJJF is mainly based on the use of warming herbs to treat spleen and stomach diseases, and its medication rule can be summarized into three aspects: (i) primarily using warming and tonifying to warm the middle and dissipate cold, (ii) using the method of moving Qi with aromatic nature to delight the spleen and appetize the stomach, and (iii) emphasizing the regulation of Qi and blood to calm the five zang-organs.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the laws of core symptom and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) prescription in treatment of the Yin deficiency syndrome of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), in order to provide the objective basis for the treatment of SLE with TCM based on complex network. Method: Complex network analysis method was used to retrospectively study 322 TCM prescriptions collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine between January 2011 and May 2017 and 134 literatures about treatment of SLE with TCM through computer retrieval. The topological property parameters of the complex network were calculated, and used to analyze the structure of the core network and the compatibility rule of symptom and TCM. Then the core syndrome, herbs, compatibility rules and characteristics of commonly used prescriptions for SLE were analyzed. Result: The results of analysis of complex network showed that the core TCM herbs for Yin deficiency syndrome of SLE mainly included Rehmanniae Radix, Moutan Cortex, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Artemisiae Annuae Herba, Cornt Fructus, Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, Trionycis Carapax, Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Poria, Alismatis Rhizoma, Coicis Semen, Dioscoreae Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Pinelliae Rhizoma.Core prescriptions included Qinghao Biejia Tang and Liuwei Dihuang Wan. Core syndromes included fatigue, poor sleep, anorexia, low fever, five upset heat, night sweats, dizziness, rash, skin erythema, facial red butterfly erythema, dark red rash, alopecia, weak waist and knees, joint pain, muscle pain, tinnitus, thirst, sore throat, red tongue, tongue with less fur, and thready and rapid pulse. Compared with the diagnostic criteria of the syndrome, the core symptoms included some new common clinical symptoms, such as poor sleep, anorexia, facial red butterfly erythema, dark red rash. Conclusion: The main pathogenesis of SLE is Yin deficiency and blood heat, so the treatment should be nourishing Yin and generating body fluid, removing pathogenic heat from blood and clearing deficient heat. In this study, the results of clinical retrospective review and computer retrieval by the complex network analysis method were basically consistent with the clinical application. It can be used as a reference for the clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment of Yin deficiency syndrome of SLE.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the prescription rules in treating liver cirrhosis's based on poison phlegm blood stasis and deficiency. Method: Clinical data of patients, who had been diagnosed with liver cirrhosis, was gathered. The data had been extracted, transformed and loaded through data integration and remittance, then, the data was analyzed by data classification, association, clustering and other large data analysis methods. Results: The prescription rules based on poison phlegm blood stasis and deficiency showed that according to medication frequency, detoxification drugs commonly used ArtemisiacapillarisThunb, Coptis chinensis Franch, Forsythia suspensa, Hedyotis diffusa Willd, and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, eliminating phlegm drugs commonly used Semen Coicis, Citrus aurantium L, Pinellia ternate, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim, removeing blood stasis drugs commonly used Radix Salviae Miltiorrhiae, Radix Curcumae, Rhizoma Curcumae, Herba Lycopi and Pollen Typhae, reinforcing deficiency drugs commonly used Poria, Carapax Trionycis, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Radix Astragali seu Hedysari and Radix Codonopsis (Radix Pseudostellariae) . The selection of herbal medicine for poison in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is not only cold in property, bitter in flavor, but also converges to liver, gallbladder, spleen and stomach channel.The selection of herbal medicine for phlegm in TCM is not only warm in property, pungent in flavor, but also converges to spleen and lung channel. The selection of herbal medicine for blood stasis in TCM is not only cold in property, bitter in flavor, but also converges to liver, heart and spleen channel. The selection of herbal medicine for deficiency in TCM is not only mild in property, sweet in flavor, but also converges to spleen, liver and kidney channel. Conclusion: The syndrome differentiation and treatment of liver cirrhosis in Liver Institute of Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese are mainly based on poison phlegm blood stasis and deficiency.
ABSTRACT
The application of Aconitum herbs in the treatment of Bi syndrome has a long history and exact effects.By taking Aconiti Radix(Chuanwu), Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix(Caowu) and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata(Fuzi) as example, this study was aimed to mine the prescription rules of Aconitum herbs in the treatment of Bi syndrome, and provide thoughts and bases for modern clinical medication. 1 106 prescriptions were obtained in more than 20 classic books including medical, pharmacy, and synthesized books from Eastern Han dynasty to Qing dynasty. Based on the methods of frequency statistics, percentile statistics and Apriori algorithm of association rules, the characteristics of syndrome classification, dosage and compatibility of Aconitum herbs in the treatment of Bi syndrome were analyzed. The data-mining results indicated that 60.76% prescriptions contained Fuzi, which was obviously higher than Chuanwu or Caowu, and 17.63% contained two or more kinds of Aconitum herbs. 70.34% prescriptions were used mainly to treat Bi syndrome with wind-cold-wetness, others were for the syndrome with the deficiency of liver and kidney, blockage of phlegm and blood stasis, and wind-heat-wetness Bi. In the prescriptions with definite dose, 80% dosage of Fuzi was in the range from 0.29-2.14 g·d⁻¹, while the dosage of Chuanwu and Caowu was from 0.14-1.01g·d⁻¹, which was also affected by patterns, formulations and processing. The dose of Aconitum herbs was highest in the Bi syndrome with wind-cold-wetness, and its dose in the decoction and vinum was significantly higher than that in the pills and powders. The processed products were used in 93.11% prescriptions, and their dosage was higher than the raw ones. In the clinical treatment of Bi syndrome, Chuanwu and Caowu were often used with Saposhnikoviae Radix(Fangfeng), Liquiritiae Radix et Rhizoma(Gancao), Myrrha(Moyao) and Ephedrae Herba(Mahuang), while Fuzi was often used with Cinnamomi Cortex(Rougui), Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix(Niuxi), Fangfeng and Chuanxiong Rhizoma(Chuanxiong), which can both expel wind-dampness and relieve pain. All in all, Aconitum herbs are widely used in the treatment of Bi syndrome, which can relieve arthralgia and pain.