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This paper summarized the school nutrition lunch legislations and nutrition status in China and abroad. School lunch system is relatively well-established and mature in Japan， the United States and Sweden and the lunch system has been gradually as an important part of basic education， which is worth learning by other countries and regions. China started its pilot school nutrition lunch program in 1987， and has improved the nutritional status of students， especially the students in rural areas， significantly. However， there still exists certain gaps compared with developed countries. We should actively learn from those countries， so as to provide reference for the formulation and improvement of China’s nutritional lunch policies.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of injury among both primary and middle school students in Changning District， Shanghai， and to provide evidence for injury prevention. Methods In 2018， data of basic characteristics and injury-related factors were obtained through field questionnaire survey among the selected primary and middle schools （2 of each）. Results The study finally included 1 821 students， with injury incidence rate of 30.1%. Among them， the injury incidence rate for the primary schools was 32.0%， and 28.8% for the middle schools. The top three injury types were falls， sharps injuries， and blunt injuries. Age， gender， myopia， and injury-related knowledge/behaviors were significantly related to injury incidence. Conclusion Falls should still be the priority of injury prevention for primary/middle school students in Changning District. The effect of reducing injuries can be achieved by improving health education about injury-related knowledge/behaviors.
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Objective@#To investigate the sleep status among primary and middle school students in Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into improving the sleep quality among primary and middle school students.@*Methods@#A district and a county was selected using the cluster random sampling method from Zhoushan City in October, 2019, and grades 4 to 6 primary school students, junior high school and high school students were sampled as the study subjects. Students' gender, grade, residing in schools, duration of homework and duration of extracurricular classes were collected using the questionnaires of the 2019 national program for common diseases and health risk factors surveillance and intervention program among Chinese students. According to the Plan for the Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Myopia among Children and Adolescents, daily sleep duration of 10 h and longer among primary school students, 9 h and longer among junior high school students and 8 h and longer among high school students were defined as adequate sleep, and the proportion of adequate sleep was estimated among primary and middle school students.@*Results@#Totally 3 042 students were enrolled, including 1 587 boys (52.17%) and 1 455 girls (47.83%), 996 primary school students (32.74%), 1 030 junior high school students (33.86%), 758 ordinary high school students (24.92%) and 258 vocational high school students (8.48%). The mean sleep duration was (9.23±1.10) h among primary school students, (8.09±1.05) h among junior high school students, (7.20±1.26) h among ordinary high school students and (7.97±1.03) h among vocational high school students, respectively, and the proportion of adequate sleep was 26.31% among primary school students, 22.82% among junior high school students, 22.56% among ordinary high school students and 66.67% among vocational high school students, respectively. A relatively higher proportion of adequate sleep was seen among primary school students in Grade 4 (33.63%) and with homework duration of less than 1 h (34.53%); among junior high school students in Grade 1 (37.76%), residing in schools (40.00%), studying in county schools (30.87%), with homework duration of less than 1 h (34.69%) and less than 1 h duration of extracurricular classes (33.33%); among male ordinary high school students (28.03%), and ordinary high school students in Grade 1 (28.30%), residing in schools (26.18%) and studying in district schools (25.83%); among male vocational high school students (69.06%) and vocational high school students residing in schools (73.14%).@*Conclusion@#The proportion of adequate sleep is low among primary and middle school students in Zhoushan City. The homework duration and duration of extracurricular classes are recommended to be reduced to ensure adequate sleep among primary and middle school students.
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Objective @#To investigate the injury characteristics among primary and middle school students in Panyu District, Guangzhou City, so as to provide the evidence for developing the strategies for prevention and control of injuries.@*Methods@# The data of 6 to 18 years old primary and middle school students with initial diagnosis of injury at Panyu District Central Hospital from 2014 to 2019 were collected. The basic characteristics of injury cases, the causes, time and place of injury development were analyzed by a descriptive epidemiological method.@*Results@#Totally 10 833 primary and middle school students with injury were reported in Panyu District from 2014 to 2019, including 7 401 boys and 3 432 girls, with a boy/girl ratio of 2.16∶1. The injury predominantly occurred in primary school students (6 903 cases, 63.72%). The causes of injury mainly included fall (4 457 cases, 41.14%), animal injury (2 593 cases, 23.94%), blunt injury (1 682 cases, 15.53%), knife/sharp instrument injury (923 cases, 8.52%) and traffic injury (731 cases, 6.75%). The place of injury development mainly included home (4 267 cases, 39.39%), school and public place (3 184 cases, 29.39%), and road/street (1 854 cases, 17.11%). The injury predominantly occurred from August to October (3 289 cases, 30.36%), and the activities at the time of injury mainly included leisure activities (3 860 cases, 35.63%), life activities (2 662 cases, 24.57%) and sports (1 929 cases, 17.81%). The characteristics of injury mainly included contusion/abrasion (4 528 cases, 41.80%), sharp instrument/bite/open injury (4 019 cases, 37.10%) and fracture (871 cases, 8.04%), and the upper limb was the main injury site (3 552 cases, 32.79%). There were 9 877 cases with mild injuries (91.18%), and 10 451 cases left hospitals after seeing a doctor (96.47%).@*Conclusions@#Fall is the main causes of injury among primary and middle school students in Panyu District, and boys and primary school students are high-risk groups for injury. Family prevention should be emphasized, and health education pertaining to injury should be intensified among students during the long holidays and leisure activities.
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Objective:To evaluate the epidemiological trend of varicella（chickenpox）in Urumqi， this retrospective study was performed by using the school surveillance data between 2014 and 2018. Methods:Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze the data of varicella cases from school infectious disease prevention and control information management system from 2014 to 2018. Results:A total of 4 910 cases of varicella were reported in primary and secondary schools， with an average incidence of 290.73/100 000 per year. Primary school students accounted for 60.6%， middle school students for 27.4% and high school students for 12.0%. Among them， there were 2 595 boys and 2 315 girls with sex ratio of 1.12∶1. Two seasonal peaks of varicella incidence were observed every year， from March to June and from November to January of next year. Conclusion:Primary schools are the major places of varicella outbreak and should be the priority places for prevention and control， but the prevention and education in boarding schools should not be neglected. In areas with high incidence of varicella， it is vital to focus on prevention to avoid the infectious diseases spreading and outbreak.