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@#Introduction: Poor sleep quality is frequently related to poor mental health and is a common medical disorder. It may differ by population, but limited studies have been done in Malaysia. This study was conducted to measure the prevalence of poor sleep quality among academic staff at Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) Kampar Campus. Methods: In total, 344 randomly selected academic staff were approached to answer the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Results: Unexpectedly, 42.7 % of them were affected by poor sleep quality (global PSQI score >5). The average actual sleep duration was recorded at 6.68 hours. Age and global PSQI scores were not significantly correlated. Female staff had poorer subjective sleep quality (P= 0.027). The elder age group (P= 0.012) and associate professors and professors (P= 0.006) consumed more sleep medications. Non-Ph.D. holders had poorer subjective sleep quality (P= 0.008) and sleep latency (P= 0.032) as well as global PSQI score (P= 0.045) compared to Ph.D. holders. Conclusion: Prevalence of poor sleep quality was higher than expected among academic staff. This may affect workplace functioning and burden the staff with more health issues related to poor sleep quality.
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Resumen La transformación reciente de la Universidad latinoamericana ha sido definida por las necesidades y premisas del modelo neoliberal. En este artículo tratamos algunos de sus impactos sociales en Colombia por medio del análisis de las lógicas que tales transformaciones han implicado para las universidades privadas; en particular, la gestión académica, la contratación y evaluación docente, así como la producción de conocimiento. Puesto que se trata de un modelo universitario en función del mercado, las estrategias de control epistemológico en las instituciones privadas delimitan no solo las posibilidades de vincular la investigación a sectores sociales subalternos, sino también la promoción de conocimientos considerados improductivos. Como límites corporativos al conocimiento crítico del país, tales impactos no solo dan cuenta de los efectos del modelo neoliberal, sino que han sido una de las estrategias para su profundización.
Abstract The recent transformation of the Latin American university has been defined by the needs and premises of the neoliberal model. In this article, we discuss some of its social impacts in Colombia through the analysis of the logics that such transformations have implied for private universities; in particular, academic management, teacher recruitment, and teacher evaluation, as well as knowledge production. Since it is a market-driven university model, the strategies of epistemological control, in private institutions, limit not only the possibilities of linking research to subaltern social sectors, but also the promotion of knowledge considered unproductive. As corporate limits to critical knowledge in the country, such impacts not only account for the effects of the neoliberal model, but also have been one of the strategies for its deepening.
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É controversa a luta pela redução da desigualdade social por meio do acesso, dito democrático, ao ensino superior, sobretudo, privado. As instituições de ensino superior privadas de caráter quase mercantil pertencentes, hoje, aos grandes conglomerados educacionais, transformaram a formação universitária em um grande negócio lucrativo, cujo sistema de exploração inclui professores e alunos ao exigir de ambos uma cumplicidade perversa. Em entrevistas realizadas com professores universitários do contexto privado, eles revelam dramas e impasses submetidos ao ethos corporativo aplicado ao ensino, que exige do mestre a negação de sua experiência e de sua autoridade enunciativa. Assim, em nome da sobrevivência do mercado educacional, o professor aliena a sua subjetividade e torna-se instrumento a serviço da rentabilidade da privatização. A pesquisa aponta para a necessidade de revisão das políticas públicas de acesso à universidade e das formas de contratos de trabalho precários para os docentes.
Es controvertida a lucha por la reducción de la desigualdad social, a través del acceso democrático a la educación superior, sobre todo privada. Las instituciones de educación superior privadas de carácter tienen solamente quasi mercantil, pertenecientes hoy a los grandes conglomerados educacionales, transformaron la formación universitaria en un gran negocio lucrativo, cuyos sistema de explotación incluye profesores y estudiantes, exigiendo entre ambos una complicidad perversa. A partir de entrevistas realizadas con profesores universitarios, en este contexto, revelan sus dramas e impasses sometidos al ethos corporativo aplicado a la enseñanza, en la que se le exige al docente la negación de su experiencia y de su autoridad enunciativa. Así, en nombre de la sobrevivencia del mercado educativo, el profesor se aliena, pues se torna también instrumento al servicio de la rentabilidad del sector privado. La investigación apunta sobre la necesidad de revisión de las políticas públicas de acceso a la universidad y a las formas de contratos de trabajo precarios para los docentes.
The struggle to reduce social inequality through the so-called democratic access to higher education, above all private, is controversial. Private higher education institutions of mercantile character, belonging today to the large educational conglomerates, have transformed university education into a large profitable business, whose operating system includes teachers and students, demanding between them a perverse complicity. From interviews with university professors in this context, they reveal their dramas and impasses underwent to the corporate ethos applied to teaching, in which the professor is required to deny his experience and his enunciative authority. Thus, in the name of the survival of the educational market, the teacher alienates his subjectivity, as well as becoming an instrument at the service of the profitability of privatization. The research points to the need to review public policies for access to university and the forms of precarious employment contracts for teachers.
La lutte pour la réduction de l'inégalité sociale grâce à l'accès, dit démocratique, à l'enseignement supérieur, en particulier privé, est objet de controverse. Les institutions d'enseignement supérieur privées au caractère largement mercantile, appartenant, aujourd'hui, aux grands conglomérats éducationnels, ont transformé la formation universitaire en une grande entreprise lucrative, dont le système d'exploitation implique les professeurs et les étudiants, en exigeant d'eux une complicité perverse. Au cours d'entretiens réalisés avec des professeurs universitaires du privé, ceux-ci révèlent des drames et des impasses, soumis qu'ils sont à l'ethos corporatif appliqué à l'enseignement, qui exige du maître le déni de son expérience et de son autorité énonciative. Ainsi, au nom de la survie du marché éducationnel, le professeur aliène sa subjectivité et devient un instrument au service de la rentabilité de la privatisation. L'étude souligne la nécessité de révision des politiques publiques d'accès à l'université et des types de contrats de travail précaires des enseignants.
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Humans , Male , Female , Private Sector , Commodification , Faculty , Psychoanalysis , Public Policy , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , PrivatizationABSTRACT
@#A novel strain of coronavirus was first detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It is the causative agent of a respiratory disease known as the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). On 12th March 2020, it was declared as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. The aim of the study was to study the impact of MCO in terms of the academic performance and finance on the student population and to measure the level of knowledge, attitude and practice towards prevention of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) among a private university students in Malaysia. On 22nd April until 30th April 2020, a cross-sectional study using a convenient sampling method was conducted among 401 students using a self-administered online questionnaire survey. It was found that 272 (67.8%) of the respondents had a less negative impact of MCO while 129 (32.3%) of the respondent had a more negative impact of MCO. The findings show also 229 respondents (57.1%) have adequate knowledge. As for the attitude, about 237 respondents (59.1%) have an adequate attitude and only 191 respondents (47.6%) have adequate practice towards the prevention of COVID-19. There was a significant relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice with family income, a significant relationship between knowledge and practice, a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude, a sig. relationship between knowledge, attitude, practice with university faculties, the relationship between knowledge and source of information. The MCO showed significant association with knowledge level and with practice, also MCO was less negatively impact on the medical faculty students with p-value 0.004. The MCO was more negatively impacting those with less family income. The study findings concluded that the majority of the participants had a fair level of knowledge, attitude, and a lesser level of good practice towards the prevention of COVID-19. However, the COVID-19 is still considered a global pandemic and has not resolved yet. Therefore, to minimize the risk of future COVID-19 cases current efforts to educate the public towards knowledge, attitude, and practice towards prevention of COVID-19 in public health should be done.
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@#This descriptive cross-sectional study is aimed at studying the comparison on knowledge and misconceptions about HIV/AIDS among the Malaysian undergraduate students at SEGi University, Kota Damansara, Malaysia. Data was collected from a stratified random sample of 180 students using a validated questionnaire survey which included a socio-demographics section and four sub-sections of 36 questions which assessed the general knowledge, general public perceptions, the respondent’s views on the measures to prevent the disease and misconceptions related to the disease. The data were analysed by using the SPSS software, and Chi-square test was used to find the p-value for each of the questions. The average mean score assessing the knowledge of the Malaysian students in SEGi was 81.48%, where the Health Science students scored 44.31% with a standard deviation of 0.015 and the Non-Health Science students scored 37.17% with a standard deviation of 0.036. When comparing each question using the Chi-square test, most of the answers of the Health Science students and Non-Health Science students showed a significant difference where the p-value was <0.05. From the results of this study it is clear that the Health Science students had better knowledge and fewer misconceptions about HIV/AIDS than the Non-Health Science students. Thus, more emphasis should be directed toward raising awareness and eliminating misconceptions among the Non-Health Science students.
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Background: Universities in the high prevalence nations of sub-Saharan Africa have significant proportions of their students and staff being infected with HIV. The prevalence of risk behaviors for HIV/AIDS continues to rise especially among university students. The objective of this study is to identify predictors of sexual abstinence and attitude towards PLHIV among Babcock University students. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1225 undergraduates selected by multistage sampling technique was conducted in a privately University in Nigeria. Data were collected using structured self-administered questionnaire. Results: All the participants were aware of HIV/AIDS. About one-quarter (24.1%) of the students had ever had sex. Knowledge about HIV/AIDS was very high as 87.7% of them had very good knowledge. Between 74.1% and 89.8% of the students demonstrated correct attitude towards the various attitude questions about PLHIV. Students who were less than 21 years (AOR=1.64), do not take alcohol (AOR=1.94), those with good knowledge of HIV/AIDS (AOR=2.15) were more likely to abstain from sex than their counterparts respectively. Male participants (AOR=0.64) were less likely to abstain from sex than females. The likelihood of having poor attitude towards PLHIV was less in those with good knowledge (AOR=0.16) and more in those with self-reported poor knowledge (AOR=2.97) than their respective counterparts. Conclusions: This study has identified the factors that promote sexual abstinence and reduce HIV-related stigmatization among young people. Many factors are involved. Hence, an integrated multi-sectoral and multidirectional approach is recommended for the provision of relevant HIV/AIDS knowledge, comprehensive abstinence sexuality education to young persons.
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A evasão discente é definida como a saída do estudante de um curso sem concluí-lo com sucesso. No Brasil, a evasão nos cursos a distância é frequente e geralmente tem sido pesquisada em cursos de curta duração. O presente estudo analisou os fatores que contribuem para a evasão dos alunos do curso de Administração na modalidade de educação a distância de uma universidade pública e uma privada. Os evadidos responderam um questionário enviado por e-mail. Nos resultados obtidos nas duas universidades pesquisadas, verifica-se que os fatores mais recorrentes como motivadores da Evasão foram a falta ou pouco tempo para dedicar-se aos estudos e tarefas na UFPa e dos alunos evadidos da UNESA o que também é apontado em outros estudos.
The student´s dropout is defined as the output of a student from a course without completing it successfully. In Brazil, the dropout in distance courses is frequent and usually has been investigated in short courses. The present study examined the factors that contribute to the evasion of the students of Directors in the form of distance education at a public university and a private. The participants answered a questionnaire sent by email. The results obtained in two research universities indicated that the most recurrent factors of Evasion were lack of time or little time to devote to studies and tasks, in UFPa and UNESA, aspects that are also shown in other studies.
La deserción escolar se define como la salida de un estudiante de un curso sin haber completado con éxito. En Brasil, la deserción escolar en los cursos a distancia es frecuente y por lo general ha sido investigada en cursos cortos. El presente estudio examinó los factores que contribuyen a la evasión de los estudiantes de Administración, en la forma de educación a distancia en una universidad pública y una privada. Los participantes respondieron a un cuestionario enviado por correo electrónico. Los resultados obtenidos en las dos universidades indicam que los factores más recurrentes de la evasión han sido la falta de tiempo o poco tiempo para dedicar a los estudios y tareas, en las dos universidades UFPa y UNESA, aspectos que también destacados en otros estudios.
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Humans , Education, Distance , Student Dropouts , UniversitiesABSTRACT
The private universities of Japan are well-known for their management,the relations between the government and univer-sities,between the administration and education,between the university and their colleges or institutes are very well done.It is necessary for us to study the managerial system of private universities of Japan before we carry out the reform of higher education of China.