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Objective To investigate the effects of angelica solution on chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in rats.Methods Thirty SD rats were randomized into normoxic group,hypoxic group and angelica solution-protected group.The model of rat chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension was made by method of isobaric hypoxia.Angelica solution were injected before hypoxia,while the other two groups were injected normal saline.After 28d of hypoxia,pulmonary artery pressure were measured.Expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in pulmonary artery were detected by immunohistochemical staining.The index of wall thickness of rat pulmonary arteriole-percentage of the wall area in the total vascular area(wA%) were measured by a computerized image analyzer.Results The mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) of normoxic group,hypoxic group and angelica solution-protected group were10.50±1.90,35.36±9.11,18.32±2.30 (mm Hg);wA% of the three groups were 52.71±5.16,82.38±8.43,64.58±9.54 (%),mPAP and wA% were significantly higher in the hypoxic group than those in the normoxic group (P<0.01) and angelica solution-protected group (P<0.01).PCNA expression of normoxic group,hypoxic group and angelica solution-protected group were 3.15±1.10,24.50±5.72,12.67±3.46 (%).The PCNA expression in the pulmonary artery was significantly higher in the hypoxic group than those in the normoxic group (P<0.01) and in the angelica solution-protected group (P<0.01).iNOS expression of normoxic group,hypoxic group and angelica solution-protected group were 2.13±1.01,17.33±3.53,37.50±7.04 (%).iNOS expression in the pulmonary artery was higher in the hypoxic group than those in normoxic group (P<0.01),and angelica significantly increased iNOS expression in comparison with the normoxic and hypoxic groups (P<0.01).Conclusion Angelica solution alleviates chronically hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension in rats by inhibiting the espression of PCNA in pulmonary artery and up-regulating the expression of iNOS.
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Objective To investigate the expression of paired box2(Pax2),proliferation cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and cell apoptosis in steroid-sensitive and steroid-resistant groups with primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS) and to find out the action of Pax2 expression in PNS with steroid-resistance.Method The expressions of Pax2,PCNA were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and cell apoptosis by fluorescence micoscope.Results Pax2 expression in renal tubule had a positive correlation with PCNA expression in steroid-sensitive group.In steroid-resistant group,Pax2 expression had no correlation with PCNA.Pax2 had a negative correlation with cell apoptosis.Conclusions Pax2 proper expression facilitate PCNA expression and repair tubulointerstitial lesions in steroid-sensitive group.Renal tubular epithelial cell proliferation coordinated with cell apoptosis.Pax2 overexpression in steroid-resistant group lead to the decrease of cell proliferation and cell apoptosis and lead to the severe tubule lesions,which made to glucocorticoid resistance.
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The effects of chloroquine on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Cyclin D1 in hippocampus and cerebral cortex of rats with seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) were observed in the present study. Forty-eight male adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, chloroquine intervening group, and PTZ group. The behavior and electroencephalogram (EEG) were observed and recor ded. GFAP and PCNA were examined with immunohistochemistry. The content of Cyclin D1 in hippocampus and cerebral cortex was inspected with Western blot. The results showed no seizure activity in the control group, severe seizure activity in the PTZ group (Ⅳ-Ⅴ degree), and slight seizure activity ( Ⅰ - Ⅲ degree) in the chloroquine intervening group (P＜0. 05). EEG recordings showed no epileptic spikes in the control group, high amplitude with fast frequency in the PTZ group, low-amplitude and slow frequency in the chloroquine intervening group. The expression of GFAP and the positive index of PCNA in the PTZ group were higher than those of control group (P ＜0.05 and P＜0.01, respectively). No differences in GFAP expression and PCNA index were observed between chloroquine intervening and control groups (P＞0.05). The content of Cyclin D1 in hippocampus and cerebral cortex was significantly higher in the PTZ group than in control and chloroquine intervening groups (P＜ 0.05). Therefore, it is considered that chloroquine, by inhibiting the functions and proliferation of glial cells in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, can alleviate the seizure activities. These results suggest that chloroquine may be an ideal anticonvulsant in preventing and treating epilepsy.
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Objective To investigate the relationship of apoptosis, proliferation and its related factors (p53, Fas ) with clinical pathological characteristics in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Apoptosis, nuclear antigen of proliferating cells (PCNA), p53, and Fas proteins were detected by labelling technique of in situ terminal deoxynucleotide transferase and immunohistochemical method on 35 HCC samples. Statistical analysis was employed to evaluate the correlations between the experimental data and clinical pathological characteristics. Results There was no significant difference between the apoptotic index (AI), PCNA index (LI), expressions of p53 and Fas and the age, sexual distinction of patient, and tumor size. Expressions of p53, Fas, and AI were not associated with the histological types of tumor at all. However, the index of PCNA was much higher in poorly differenciatiated type than that in trabecular type and pseudo glandular type of HCC. Importantly, following the advanced Edmondson stages and the TNM stages, p53 expression and LI increased in HCC, but AI showed a lower level at same time. Conclusion The malignancy of HCC is negatively correlated with AI but positively with PCNA. The apoptosis in HCC occurs in a p53-dependent manner. The higher mutant of p53 and the lower regulation of Fas expression may contribute to the genesis and progression of HCC.
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Objective To investigate the gastric epithelial cell death and proliferation in water restraint stress (WRS) rats during the processes of pathogenesis of stress ulcer, by means of biochemical and morphological analysis. Methods Apoptotic cells were quantitated in gastric mucosa before or at different time points after WRS by TUNEL techniques, and the morphological changes of cells were observed by transmisson electronic microscope whilst the cell proliferation was detected by immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Results The result revealed that in normal controls, the apoptotic cells were seen only occasionally at the surface epithelium,and the PCNA positive cells were found in the proliferative zone of the gastric glands. In contrast, the apoptotic quantities rose significantly from 2 h after the WRS to 5 h after the termination of WRS, and reached a peak gradually,while PCNA positive cells decreased significantly. At 8～12 h after the WRS ,the apoptotic cells gradually declined but failed to return to normal even at 24 h. The PCNA cells increased to reach a peak and declined at 24 h towards the value observed in the intact rats. Under the transmission electronic microscopy it showed that in contrast to normal mucosal cells, the morphology of apoptotic cells changed with various characteristics. Conclusions The results suggested that the epithelial apoptosis significantly increased, whereas proliferation decreased; the imbalance between both them induced the damage of gastric mucosal integrity. During the initial stage of mucosal recovery from stress lesion, the apoptosis appears to activate the mucosal cell proliferating, a response leading to the recovery of the mucosa from the stress damage.
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Objective To investigate the pathophysiological mechanism of proliferation and apoptosis in spermatogenic cell of idiopathic oligospermia. Methods Forty one patients with oligospermia were included in the trial.Testicular tissues,which were obtained with Tru Cut needle biopsy,were observed under light microscope.Expressions of p16 and PCNA,incidence of apoptosis in spermatogenic cells were detected by immunohistochemistry and in situ 3′ DNA end labeling technique. Five testicular samples which were proved to be normal by examination served as controls. Results Proliferation index (21.6?13.1)% in testes of patients was lower than the normal controls (45.4?5.7)%, P
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砄bjective: To investigate Human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTRT) mRNA expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) and the relationship between hTRT activity and proliferation cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) expression.Methods: The expression of hTRT mRNA and PCNA was detected by in situ mRNA hybridization and immuno histochemical technique in 52 cases of OSCC and 22 cases of OSCC adjacent tissues including histologically normal mucosas and dysplastic lesions. Results: hTRT mRNA was observed in 82.7% cases of OSCC, 41.7% of dysplasia and 20% of normal mucosa( P
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Objective To investigate the ratio of apoptosis to proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in gastric carcinoma(GC) and elucidate the possible role of apoptosis and proliferation in the development of GC.Methods Apoptosis and PCNA were examined in 24 cases with gastric carcinoma and in 24 cases of the surrounding non-cancerous tissue embedded in paraffin by TUNEL and immunohistochemical staining technique respectively.Results The study indicated that the proliferation labeling indices(PIs) in GC(51 2) was significantly higher than that in the surrounding non-cancerous tissue(27 4),and the apoptotic indices(AIs) in GC(3 1) was significantly lower than that in the surrounding non-cancerous tissue(5 4)(P
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The expression of two cell proliferation indices, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen( PCNA), using the monoclonal antibody in the immunoperoxidase method, and the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), using silver nitrate staining technique, were assessed in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded material of transitional cell urinary bladder carcinomas. The aim of our study was to examine comparatively the expression of PCNA and the number of NORs in 37 transitional cell bladder carcinomas and to investigate how they correlate with tumor grade and the disease stage. It was noticed that the PCNA expression rate(%) related to grade was statistically significant only between grades II and III (p 0.05). The mean number of AgNORs per nucleus between grades I and II and between grades II and III were statistically significant(p<0.05). As far as the correlation of PCNA expression rate(%) with the stage is concerned, PCNA expression rate (%) was higher in the invasive tumors(p<0.05) than in the superficial tumors and AgNOR Numbers was also greater in the invasive tumors(p <0.05). The linear correlation coefficient between PCNA expression rate (%) and AgNOR counts was 0.52(p <0.001) In conclusion, a considerable relationship was found between the histological grade and each of the two indices used. A good correlation was also demonstrated between each of PCNA expression rate(%) and AgNOR scores to the pathologic stage. Our results suggest that PCNA expressionrate( % ) and AgNOR scores may be prognostic induces in urinary bladder cancer.
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Carcinoma, Transitional Cell , Cell Proliferation , Nucleolus Organizer Region , Paraffin , Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen , Silver Staining , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms , Urinary BladderABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of arsenic trioxide on human glioma cell line U251 growth, change of gene expression and intracellular calcium content. METHODS: MTT method was used to observe the growth inhibition effect. Cell cycle, positive rate of proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), apoptosis associated protein Fas and Bcl-2, and intracellular calcium ion (IECa~ 2+ ) levels were measured by flow cytometry in U251 cells treated with different doses of As_2O_3. Apoptosis was detected with annexin V-FITC+PI dual parameter. RESULTS: As_2O_3 inhibited the growth of U251 cells dramatically. There were obvious dosage-effect and time-effect correlations (P0.05). The cell cycle was arrested in G_2M phase. Apoptosis occurred in U251 cells treated with As_2O_3 by annexin V-FITC+PI dual parameter detection. CONCLUSION: As_2O_3 inhibits the growth of U251 cells in vitro dramatically and induces apoptosis. The mechanism is probably associated with the improvement of Fas expression and IECa~ 2+ levels, decrease in PCNA protein expression and cell cycle arrest.