Prediction, analysis and application of learning curve of tooth preparation for all ceramic crowns of maxillary central incisors / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To predict the learning curve of tooth preparation for all ceramic crowns of maxillary central incisors on phantom head simulators for graduate students participating in standardized dental resident training based on the modified Wright learning curve model, then to analyze and applicate the learning curve.@*METHODS@#Twelve graduate students participating in standardized dental resident training were selected to prepare the resin maxillary central incisors on phantom head simulators for all ceramic crowns 4 times. The results of preparation were evaluated by 3 prosthetic experts with at least 10 years' experience focusing on the reduction, contour, taper, shoulder, finish line, margin placement, adjacent tooth injury, and preparation time for tooth preparation. The learning rate of tooth preparation was calculated by scores of tooth preparation of 4 times. The learning curve of tooth preparation was predicted based on the modified Wright learning curve model. According to the criteria of standardized training skill examinations for dental residents in Beijing, 80 was taken as the qualified standard score. The minimum training times for tooth preparation to satisfy the qualified standard score (80) was calculated, to analyze the characteristics of learning curve and evaluate the effectiveness of tooth preparation.@*RESULTS@#The scores of 4 tooth preparation were 64.03±7.80, 71.40±6.13, 74.33±5.96, and 75.98±4.52, respectively. The learning rate was (106±4)%, which showed the learning curve an upward trend. There were no significant differences between the qualified standard score and the predicted scores of tooth preparation from the 5th preparation to the 13th preparation (P > 0.05). The predicted score of the 14th preparation was higher than the qualified standard score (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The trend of the learning curve of tooth preparation for all ceramic crowns of maxillary central incisors on phantom head simulators for graduate students participating in standardized dental resident training is upward, which predicts the minimum training times higher than the qualified standard score is 14 times.

Manejo Protésico y Multidisciplinario de Prótesis Maxilofacial: Serie de Casos

RESUMEN: Objetivo: determinar los principios de los tratamientos multidisciplinarios. Materiales y métodos: ejemplificar el trabajo multidisciplinario con 4 casos clínicos, tratamiento de pacientes complejos. Resultados: La evaluación multidisciplinar, delimita la dirección, planificación y tratamiento con opiniones discutidas y orientadas para el bien del paciente, definiendo los aspectos complementados para la rehabilitación. Discusión: El manejo multidisciplinario de los pacientes de Rehabilitación Maxilofacial presenta una compleja evaluación con relación a la planificación, pronóstico y tratamiento, donde diversos especialistas confluyen en una sinergia de criterios clínicos para un mejor resultado. Los recursos limitados en el servicio público incentivan el lograr los mejores resultados tanto con la disponibilidad económica del paciente como del servicio, esta limitación implica igualmente una gran oportunidad de trabajo conjunto. Se establecen finalmente, criterios generales y principios de tratamientos integrales. Conclusión: Para el trabajo en equipo multidisciplinar io es fundamental mantener el objetivo de analizar y manejar en conjunto las distintas alternativas involucradas en los tratamientos de los casos, sean estas consideraciones Médicas, Odontológicas, Fonoaudiológicas, Psicólogas, Kinesiológicas, entre otras, para lograr el resultado funcional y estético deseado, satisfaciendo y tratando de recuperar a los pacientes de manera integral.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to determine the principles of multidisciplinary treatments, and to exemplify multidisciplinary work with 4 clinical cases, treatment of complex patients. The multidisciplinary evaluation, delimits the direction, planning and treatment with discussed and oriented opinions for the benefit of the patient, defining the complemented aspects for the rehabilitation. The multidisciplinary management of patients in Maxillofacial Rehabilitation presents a complex evaluation in relation to planning, prognosis and treatment, where different specialists converge in a synergy of clinical criteria, for a better outcome. The limited resources in the public service encourage the achievement of the best results both with the economic availability of the patient and the service; this limitation also implies a great opportunity to work together. Finally, general criteria and principles of integral treatments are established. For the multidisciplinary team work it is fundamental to maintain the objective of analyzing and managing together the different alternatives involved in the treatment of the cases, medical and dental considerations, phonoaudiology, psychology, kinesiology, among others, to achieve the desired functional and aesthetic result, satisfying and trying to recover the patients integrally.

Resistencia a la fractura de coronas dentales fabricadas análogamente vs tecnología cad-cam. Estudio In vitro / Fracture resistance of analogally made dental crowns vs cad-cam technology. In vitro study

Resumen Antecedentes. La resistencia a la fractura de las coronas puede tener influencia en su ocurrencia, de acuerdo con el método de fabricación usado, ya sea análogamente o por medio de tecnología Cad-Cam. Objetivo. Comparar la resistencia a la fractura de las coronas individuales realizadas por dos métodos de fabricación, bajo diseño asistido por ordenador y fabricación computarizada (CAD-CAM) e inyectadas. Método. Estudio in vitro. Tamaño de la muestra 20 coronas en dos grupos: 10 coronas bajo tecnología CAD-CAM y 10 coronas inyectadas. Fueron sometidas a cargas compresivas en una máquina de ensayos universal, con una velocidad de 1mm/min y una carga de celda de 5kN hasta obtener la fractura máxima de estas. Los datos se analizaron estadísticamente utilizando las pruebas Shapiro Wilk, Mann Whitney p=0,05. Resultados. Las coronas fabricadas por Cad-Cam obtuvieron un mínimo de 602,5 Newton y un máximo de 1093 Newton, mientras que las coronas fabricadas análogamente obtuvieron un mínimo de 525,2 Newton y un máximo de 1773 Newton en el experimento con la máquina de ensayo universal para lograr su fractura. Se obtuvo una diferencia significativa en la prueba de resistencia a la factura entre ambos métodos de fabricación (p <0,001). Conclusión. Las coronas de Disilicato de litio Prensadas obtuvieron una mayor resistencia a la fractura que las coronas fabricadas via CAD-CAM.

Abstract Background. The fracture resistance of the crowns may have an influence on their appearance, according to the method of making them, either analogously or by means of Cad-Cam technology. Objective. To compare the resistance to the fracture of the individual crowns made by two manufacturing methods, under computer-aided design and computerized manufacturing (CAD-CAM) and injected. Methods. In vitro study. Sample size 20 crowns in two groups: 10 crowns using CAD-CAM technology and 10 crowns injected. Crowns were subjected to compressive loads in a universal testing machine, with a speed of 1mm / min and a cell load of 5kN until obtaining the maximum bill for these. Data were statistically analyzed using the Shapiro Wilk tests, Mann Whitney p = 0.05. Results. Crowns manufactured by Cad-Cam obtained a minimum of 602.5 Newton and a maximum of 1093 Newton, while the crowns manufactured analogously obtained a minimum of 525.2 Newton and a maximum of 1773 Newton in the experiment with the machine Universal test to achieve their fracture. A significant difference was obtained in the invoice resistance test between both manufacturing methods (p <0.001). Conclusion. Pressed Lithium Disilicate crowns obtained higher fracture resistance than crowns under design and manufacturing by computer (CAD-CAM).

Effect of COVID-19 in geriatric individuals and role of a prosthodontist in clinical setup in Indian populations: a literature review

Medical professionals including dentists are one of those high-risk professionals who can easily get affected by COVID-19 due to its highly contagious nature.Evaluating the molecular pathogenesis and the role of immune system in modulating symptoms it can be assumed that susceptibility of COVID-19 to older adults is more.This review aimed to summarize all the information available on electronic databases PubMed, PubMedcentral, Cochranedatabase related to the effect of COVID-19 ingeriatric individuals and guidelines for a prosthodontist during treatment of geriatric individuals in Indian population during this pandemic period.This review will focus on the characteristic symptoms and signs of COVID-19 in geriatric individuals and how the prosthodontists during treatment of geriatric individuals in Indian populations can better equip themselves to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in a clinical setup.

Ángulos de convergencia en preparaciones dentarias realizadas en tipodontos por estudiantes de Odontología, Unach / Convergence angles in dental preparations performed on typodont by students of dentistry, UNACH

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los ángulos de convergencia en preparaciones dentarias para coronas realizadas en tipodontos, por estudiantes de décimo semestre de Odontología Unach. Las preparaciones dentales para coronas poseen características de retención y resistencia, principios fundamentales que ofrecen éxito y longevidad de la corona definitiva. Varios investigadores a nivel mundial han desarrollado diversos métodos para evaluar los ángulos de convergencia de las preparaciones extracoronarias; sin embargo, en nuestro medio, no existen estudios acerca de la medición de estos ángulos. Esta investigación fue de carácter experimental, transversal y observacional, se obtuvieron 32 preparaciones dentarias para coronas de recubrimiento completo, cada estudiante tuvo 60 minutos para tallar dos preparaciones dentarias en simuladores clínicos. Los tipodontos fueron escaneados y digitalizados mediante el escáner CAD-CAM Ceramill Database versión 1.0 año 2010 del Laboratorio "BrothersDent" para producir imágenes tridimensionales. El software iTero midió los ángulos vestíbulo-lingual (VL) y mesio-distal (MD) de cada preparación. Los ángulos más pequeño y más grande observados fueron 3.1° y 102.5° para molares mandibulares. El promedio del ángulo VL para dientes anteriores fue 40,38 ±4,38° en varones y 36,97 ±3,95° en mujeres y el promedio del ángulo MD fue 44,68 ±5,51° en varones y 40,08 ±3,99° en mujeres. Para dientes posteriores el promedio VL fue 27,46 ±7,82° en varones y 40,98 ±4,63° en mujeres; y el promedio del ángulo MD fue 40,73 ±5,95° en varones y 50,62 ±7,00° en mujeres. En conclusión, los ángulos de convergencia logrados por estudiantes fueron mayores que los ideales recomendados según Shillingburg.

This research aimed to analyze the angles of convergence in dental preparations for crowns performed on typodont, by 10th semester students of school of dentistry, UNACH. Dental preparations for crowns have retention and resistance characteristics, fundamental principles that offer success and longevity of the final crown. Various researchers worldwide have developed various methods to evaluate the convergence angles of extra coronary preparations; however, in our context, there are no studies on the measurement of these angles. This research was experimental, cross-sectional and observational, 32 dental preparations were obtained for fully covered crowns, each student had 60 minutes to carve two dental preparations in clinical simulators. The typodonts were scanned and digitized using the scanner CAD-CAM Ceramill Database version 1.0 - 2010 of "BrothersDent" Laboratory in order to produce three-dimensional images. The iTero software measured the vestibule-lingual (VL) and mesio-distal (MD) angles of each preparation. The smallest and largest angles observed were 3.1 ° and 102.5 ° for mandibular molars. The mean VL angle for anterior teeth was 40.38 ± 4.38 ° in males and 36.97 ± 3.95 ° in females, and the mean MD angle was 44.68 ± 5.51 ° in males and 40, 08 ± 3.99 ° in women. For posterior teeth the average VL was 27.46 ± 7.82 ° in men and 40.98 ± 4.63 ° in women; and the mean MD angle was 40.73 ± 5.95 ° in men and 50.62 ± 7.00 ° in women. In conclusion, the convergence angles achieved by students were greater than the recommended ideals according to Shillingburg.

Reinforced Polymethyl Methacrylate Resin Using Grapheme Derivative For an “All-On-4” Implant- Supported Definitive Mandibular Prosthesis – A Case Report

Since the inception of implant dentistry, implant-supported metal-acrylic resin hybrid prostheses are the major prostheticdevices given to restore physiological and esthetic functions of oral tissues of edentulous or partially edentulous patients. Theclinical performance of the most commonly used acrylic resin in the fabrication of dentures, namely, polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) resin determines its long-term deformation and wear resistance. However, its poor mechanical resistance to wearand tear poses a major setback. An attempt to incorporate graphene derivative with PMMA resin in prosthesis fabrication hasdemonstrated significant improvement in the mechanical strength as per literature. This case report presents rehabilitation ofedentulous mandibular jaw and also briefly states the properties of graphene and the polymerization process of the resin withthe graphene derivative.

Digital workflow of immediate implant-supported restoration for atrophic edentulous patients / 口腔疾病防治

@#Rehabilitation and reconstruction of atrophic edentulous predicament represents significant challenges for implant dentists due to the anatomical conditions of the edentulous jaw. Implant-supported fixed complete dental prostheses represent a scientifically and clinically validated treatment for recovering patients, masticatory function and esthetic effect. However, the highly demanding implant surgical techniques and complex rehabilitation procedures for immediate functional reconstruction make it difficult to achieve the desired treatment outcomes. The application of digital and CAD/CAM technology in various stages of the treatment process is logical for patients and dentists. This article summarizes the workflow of digital-assisted implantation with immediate functional reconstruction of atrophic edentulous combined with a clinical case. Digital-assisted diagnosis, design, implantation, immediate reconstruction and final rehabilitation can optimize the implant surgery and immediate rehabilitation workflow, improve the accuracy of implant-supported immediate functional reconstruction, reduce the demand for a large amount of bone graft, and achieve higher patient satisfaction. The “prosthetic-oriented, begin with the end in mind” concept of edentulous jaw implant prosthetics can accurately and efficiently restore the patient,s beauty and chewing function in a minimally invasive manner, and is worthy of clinical promotion.

BioHPP: Properties and applications in prosthodontics a review

Introduction: The demand for metal free restorations may it be fixed or removable has increased manifold in the recent past. BioHPP is one such material that has been introduced recently in the field of prosthodontics. Aim: The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the properties of BioHPP (Biocompatible High Performance Polymer) material and its applications in the field of prosthodontics Materials and Methods: A search strategy was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar with key words: Modified PEEK, BioHPP, Prosthodontic applications. Results: Seventy nine articles were retrieved. After hand search and along with cross reference a total of 84 articles were identified. Ultimately 18 articles were selected and discussed as they met the selection criteria. Conclusion: Within the scope of this review, reported literature showed that BioHPP has proven to be a boon to the field of prosthodontics as a result of its excellent biocompatibility as well as mechanical properties. BioHPP offers a wide range of applications may it be in removable or fixed prosthodontics. With an increase in the number of clinical trials and long term follow up studies, BioHPP might prove to be a material of choice for a variety of prosthodontic applications.

Clinical effect and safety of orthodontic treatment in prosthodontics / 中国基层医药

Objective To study the clinical application and safety of orthodontic treatment in oral repair. Methods From August 2014 to September 2017,eighty patients with dentition defect admitted in the department of stomatology of Yanzishan Mine Hospital of Datong Mining Group co,LTD were selected.By using digital random table method,eighty patients were randomly divided into two groups,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was directly treated with oral repair, and the observation group was given orthodontic treatment before oral repair treatment.The clinical efficacy,speech function score and recovery time,chewing efficiency and recovery time,gingival crevicular bleeding index,plaque index and X-ray projection measurement indicators of the two groups were com-pared,and the satisfaction and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.50% (38/40),which was higher than that of the control group [85.00% (32/40)] (χ2 =3.914,P<0.05).After treatment,the scores of language function[(8.49 ± 1.56)points],masticatory efficiency [(83.94 ± 12.66)% ] in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group[(7.18 ± 1.45)points, (70.12 ± 13.57)% ] ( t =3.890,5.445, all P <0. 05 ). The recovery time of language function [(17.19 ± 5.41)d],and the recovery time of masticatory efficiency [(20.81 ± 4.87)d] in the observation group were shorter than those of the control group[(24.37 ± 7.02)d,(27.54 ± 6.95)d](t=5.124,5.016,all P<0.05). After treatment,the plaque index (1.14 ± 0.36),gingival sulcus bleeding index(1.96 ± 0.64) of the observation group were lower than those of the control group [(1.51 ± 0.40),(2.73 ± 0.87)] (t =4.348,4.509,all P < 0.05).The SNA angle [(71.24 ± 4.98)°],the SNB angle [(72.85 ± 1.07)°] in the observation group were less than those in the control group[(76.59 ± 5.40)°,(74.13 ± 1.39)°] ( t=4.606,4.615,all P<0.05).In terms of satisfaction,the overall satisfaction rate of the observation group was 95.00% ,which was higher than 80.00% of the control group ( χ2 =4.114, P <0. 05 ). The overall incidence rate of adverse reactions of the observation group (2.50% ) was lower than that of the control group(17.50% ) (χ2 =5.000,P<0.05).Conclusion Orthodontic treatment before dental repair in patients with dentition defect can effectively improve the effect of oral repair,improve the speech function and masticatory efficiency of patients,improve the dentition and maxillofacial malformation,and make the patients more satisfied.And it is safe and reliable,can reduce adverse reactions.

Application value of non-flapping technique in immediate implant prosthesis in aesthetic area of anterior teeth / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To explore the application value of non-flapping technique in immediate implant prosthesis in aesthetic area of anterior teeth.@*Methods@#From March 2016 to September 2017, 104 patients who received immediate implant restoration of anterior teeth in the First Hospital of Jiaxing were divided into observation group (53 cases) and control group (51 cases) according to random number table method.The control group was treated with conventional flap immediate implantation, while the observation group was treated with non-flap immediate implantation.The red aesthetic index (EPS), alveolar bone resorption and patients' satisfaction were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#The PES scores of the observation group were (6.17±1.21)points, (5.94±1.03)points and (5.12±0.85)points, respectively after repair 3 months, 6 months and 12 months, which were significantly higher than those of the control group [(5.38±0.96)points, (4.79±0.76)points, (4.05±0.70)points] (t=3.679, 6.459, 6.993, all P<0.05). At 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after restoration, the alveolar bone resorption in the observation group was(0.29±0.04)mm, (0.63±0.12)mm, (1.07±0.17)mm, respectively, which was significantly lower than that in the control group [(0.36±0.07)mm, (0.95±0.24)mm, (1.28±0.26)mm] (t=6.291, 8.649, 4.893, all P<0.05). At 12 months after repair, the satisfaction rate of patients in the observation group was 98.11% (52/53), which was significantly higher than 84.31% (43/51) in the control group (χ2=4.637, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The application of non-flapping technique in immediate implant prostheses in aesthetic area of anterior teeth has good effect, which can obtain better aesthetic effect, reduce alveolar bone absorption and improve patients'satisfaction with prostheses.However, in clinical work, it is necessary to strengthen preoperative examination and measurement of patients, accurately grasp the direction of implants and avoid the occurrence of bone wall perforation during operation.

Clinical effect of zirconia all-ceramic crown on repairing the anterior teeth and its influence on the quality of life of patients / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of zirconia all -ceramic crown for anterior teeth restoration,and its influence on the quality of life .Methods Eighty-four patients with anterior teeth repair [4 cases were lost during the follow-up,and there were 80 cases (106 teeth)] were selected.According to different surgical methods,they were divided into control group (56 teeth) and study group (50 teeth).The control group used Ni Cr alloy porcelain crown,the study group used two zirconia all -ceramic crown.The patients were followed up for 1 year, the repair effect ,incidence rate of adverse reactions and quality of life score were compared between the two groups .Results After 1 year of crown restoration , the color, integrity, edge coloring in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group(all P<0.05).The incidence rate of adverse reactions such as gingivitis ,peri-odontitis,root fracture,allergies of the study group was 7.5%,which was significantly lower than 45.0%of the control group(χ2 =5.129,P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in quality of life scores between the two groups before repair(all P>0.05).The quality of life scores in the study group after repair were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=18.623,22.389,20.724,10.190,all P<0.05).Conclusion The clinical effect of zirconia all-ceramic crown for anterior teeth restoration is better .It can improve the aesthetic effect ,safety and quality of life score of patients .It is worthy of popularizing and application in clinic .

Comparison of the applicatied effect of two kinds of post core porcelain fused to metal crown for restoration of residual crown of first molar / 中国基层医药

Objective To compare the applicatied effect of two kinds of post core porcelain fused to metal crown for restoration of residual crown of first molar .Methods 52 patients with residual crowns of first molars (98 teeth) were selected.According to the random numerical table method ,they were divided into group A[post core crown of metal casting in 27 cases ( 49 teeth ) ] and group B [ post core crown of screw thread amalgam in 25 cases (49 teeth)].After a year of follow -up,the success rate of the two groups was compared .Results Metal casting core crown pile was broken at 0 in group A and at 3 in group B,the success rate of group A was 93.88％,and the success rate of group B was 79.59％,the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (χ2 =4.346, P<0.05).Conclusion The retention,resistance and durability of post core crown of metal casting is far superior to post core crown of screw thread amalgam ,and it is a more ideal repair method .

The effect of diameter of the screw-access hole on the implant prosthodontic system and surrounding cortical bone-A 3D finite element analysis / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the stress and stress distribution generated on each component of implant prosthodontic system and surrounding cortical bone when different diameters of screw-access hole (SAH) were prepared on molar crown. Methods: A fimite element(FE) model of partial mandible without first molar was set up, and an Bego implant was insert into it. A total of 5 models of the crown were computer-simulated by varying the diameter (Φ = 0-4 mm) of the SAH. The loading forces were 200 N axially (0°) and 100 N obliquely (45°) respectively on occlusive surface. The FE analysis was performed by computer. Results: Φ ≤3 mm: stress on occlusal surface of crown was almost unchanged and mainly distributed in the loading area. Φ = 4 mm, stress appeared an obvious rise and reached the maximum, the stress concentration under vertical load was changed to the hole margin. In vertical loading, screw could remain at a relatively low stress level when diameter did not exceed 1 mm. No changes on other components was observed. Conclusion: SAH diameter of 1 mm is recommended when a cement-and screw-retained crown is used in posterior region.

Implant hybrid prosthetic treatment in Down syndrome patient: a case report

Down syndrome patients generally have poor oral hygiene due to lack of awareness and ability to perform oral care, and there is a high risk of tooth loss. Also, they are characterized by small and irregular teeth and oligodontia, which makes it difficult to do prosthetic treatment. This article reports a case of implant hybrid prosthesis treatment of maxillary edentulous area in Down syndrome patient. The external shape of the final prosthesis was determined by using the mandibular artificial teeth to reflect the oligodontia of the mandible and the pontic areas were adjusted to facilitate oral hygiene care. As a result, aesthetically and functionally satisfactory results were obtained.

Rehabilitación de maxilares clases I y II de Kennedy mediante prótesis removibles / Rehabilitation of maxillary Kennedy class I & II treated with removable dentures

RESUMEN: La irrupción de los implantes óseo integrados y su posterior validación, a comienzos de los años '80, aportó sin duda un utilísimo recurso en la rehabilitación oral. Lamentablemente, en gran medida debido a los costes económicos involucrados, a pesar de alentadores augurios, no han devenido en una alternativa terapéutica concreta para la gran mayoría de los pacientes desdentados. El edentulismo parcial de maxilas, clases Kennedy I y II, con remanencia de todos o parte de los dientes del sextante 2, en su mayoría casos de sustancial complejidad, léase clases III del Índice Diagnóstico Prostodóntico, genera un desafío protésico a solventar en relación a la retención y satisfacción estética de los pacientes. Presentamos en este reporte dos de estos casos, rehabilitados mediante prótesis metálicas "convencionales", en los cuales creemos logramos conjugar acertadamente ambas variables, combinando complejos retentivos RMC y facetas retentivas friccionales.

ABSTRACT The emergence of osseointegrated implants and their further validation, at the beginning of the 80's, contributed undoubtedly to oral rehabilitation as a very useful resource. Unfortunately, mainly because of the economic costs involved and despite an encouraging initial augury, they have not become in a specific therapeutic alternative for the vast majority of edentulous patients. Partial edentulism of maxillae, Kennedy's class I, & II, with all or a few teeth remaining at the sextant 2, mostly class III PDI, substantially compromised denture-supporting anatomy, generate a prosthetic challenge to overcome regarding retention and aesthetic satisfaction of these patients. In this report, we display two of them, which we believe have been successfully managed in order to fulfill both variables, by means of "conventional" removable metallic prostheses combining MGR's clasps and frictional retentive facets.

Prosthodontic specialty training in the United States: what can we learn / 中华口腔医学杂志

Prosthodontics is one of the nine recognized specialties by American Dental Association. The postgraduate prosthodontic program used to train prosthodontic specialists in U S A started about 70 years ago. Compared to China which just launched the dental residency programs, the programs in U S A have more developed and relatively more mature education system. It is worthwhile for China to study and learn the U S A prosthodontic residency education program. Prosthodontics is a specialty to diagnose and treat complex dental problems, and is often considered as the 'orchestrator’ directing and coordinating all the other dental specialists to manage complex situations. This specialty plays an important role in a nation's oral health system. The present article is aimed to introduce the history of US prosthodontic residency program, initial accreditation, curriculum, education standards and mechanisms of the residency program, and how the program is monitored and managed post initial accreditation, with the hope that this system can serve as a reference for China's developing its own residency program.

Comparison of patient satisfaction with digital and conventional impression for prosthodontic treatment / 대한치과보철학회지

PURPOSE: The present study aims at researching the subjective satisfaction of patients who have experienced both conventional impression taking and digital impression taking to measure the possibility of wide clinical application of digital impression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study surveyed 170 adult patients over the age of 20, between October 2015 and April 2016, who voluntarily consented to participation and who experienced both conventional impression and digital impression at five dental hospitals that use intraoral digital impression. A total of 128 surveys were used for data analysis, involving frequency analysis, multiple response frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, and contingency table analysis, with the significance level set at 0.05. RESULTS: Responses on the reason for taking impressions using the digital method appeared in the order of 'for implant treatment' (43.8%), 'for crown treatment' (30.5%), and 'for inlay treatment' (15.6%). Patients satisfaction was higher for digital impression taking than conventional impression taking (P<.05). As the preferred choice of impression, digital impression (60.2%) was higher than conventional impression (11.7%). Responses on the reason for choosing digital impression taking appeared in the order of 'no vomiting reflex' (35.1%), 'reliability of 3D digital scanning' (33.8%), and 'short time' (33.8%). CONCLUSION: The patients preferred digital impression taking to conventional impression taking in terms of satisfaction.

Prosthodontic problems and complications associated with osseointegration

Edentulous patients with a severely resorbed mandible or maxilla often experience problems with conventional dentures, such as insufficient stability and retention, together with a decrease in chewing ability. Because of the good prognosis of dental implants, these patients can be successfully treated with implant-retained or implant-supported prosthesis. Ideally, a maximum number of implants of maximum length are placed in appropriate surgically prepared sites that are surrounded by a maximum amount of bone of favorable quality. The implants are favorably aligned faciolingually and mesiodistally to enhance optimal prosthodontic design. This article describes the clinical problems and complications encountered when treating a consecutive number of edentulous patients with osseointegrated implant-supported prostheses.

The study of awareness and practice of infection control on dental practitioners during the prosthodontic treatment / 대한치과보철학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the degree of awareness and actual practice of dental practitioners regarding infection control during prosthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study participants were composed of dentists, dental hygienists, dental technicians working at dental university hospital, general hospital, dental hospital and dental clinics in Daejeon, Korea (n=126). The questionnaires included the data on general characteristics, education, awareness and practice of infection control procedures during prosthodontic treatment through personal self-administration survey. Awareness and practice were measured by Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA. Influence of awareness on practice was estimated by regression analysis. RESULTS: 27.7% of the respondents answered that the infection control education regarding prosthodontic treatment is insufficient. The mean value of awareness and practice of infection control during the prosthodontic treatment were 2.72 +/- 0.80, 1.58 +/- 0.88, respectively. The mean value of practice who answered that had education curriculum at college was 1.62 +/- 0.9, and 1.31 +/- 0.49 who did not. The mean value of awareness who equipped guideline was 3.01 +/- 0.9, and 2.56 +/- 0.70 who did not. CONCLUSION: 1. The respondents who received the infection control education by college curriculum showed higher degree of practice than the respondents who did not. 2. The respondents who have appropriate infection control guidebook in their workplace showed higher degree of awareness than the respondents who did not. 3. There was a correlation between the awareness and practice of infection control during prosthodontic treatment; the degree of awareness becomes higher, so does the degree of practice. 4. During the prosthodontic treatment, the degree of practice was lower than the degree of awareness on infection control.

Effect and safety of titanium zirconium niobium tin alloy and nichrome for dental defects / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Titanium zirconium niobium tin al oy (Ti-Zr-NB-Sn al oy) has good tissue structure, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, which is an ideal dental material. OBJECTIVE:To explore the efficacy and safety of Ti-Zr-NB-Sn al oy in dental restoration. METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 87 cases of dental defects, including 43 males and 44 females, aged 22-41 years. Of the 87 cases, 43 cases were repaired with Ti-Zr-NB-Sn al oy as observation group, and the other 44 cases were treated with nichrome as control group. After 36 months of fol ow-up, the therapeutic efficacy, dental restoration conditions, dental prosthesis conditions and patient satisfaction were observed and compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al the 87 patients were fol owed up for 36 months. After the fol ow-up, the total effective rate and patient satisfaction were higher in the observation group than the control group (P<0.05). In the control group, there were four cases of swol en gums, four cases of bleeding gums, four cases of al ergies, three cases of gum gray line, and six cases of mucosal pain;in the observation group, there was only one case of swol en gums, and the dental restoration was better in the observation group than the control group (P<0.05). For the dental prosthesis, there were 10 cases of dental stent damage and 20 cases of dental stent loosening in the control group;and only one case of dental stent damage and one case of dental stent loosening in the observation, and the observation group was superior to the control group in the dental prosthesis (P<0.05). Experimental findings suggest that Ti-Zr-NB-Sn al oy for repair of dental defects has good biocompatibility and security.