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ObjectiveTo explore the psychological training methods on improving the mental adaptation and performance of recruits.MethodsAccording to army's squad establishment,372 recruits were randomly extracted and divided into intervention group (182) and control group (190).A series of special group psychological trainings,such as Warm barracks,Friendly Care,Self-awareness,Interpersonal communication,etc,was applied to the recruits of the intervention group through the squad leaders given psychological training.The effect was assessed with Psychosocial Stress Survey For Groups (PSSG),General Maladjustment Scale (GM),Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS),General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES),Wallace Slef-Concept Scale (WSCS) and Examined Performance.ResultsThe scores of negative emotion was [(3.89±2.01) score vs (2.56±1.65) score ],negative copy was [(3.96±2.52) score vs (2.97±1.78)score],total stress was [(46.36±21.74)score vs (33.71±17.56) score],maladjustment was [(11.26±5.04)score vs (9.10±4.53)score] in the intervention group,which was significantly reduced than those in the control group(P＜0.01).But the scores of positive emotion was [(3.70±1.62) score vs (4.16±1.84) score],positive copy was [(5.21±1.94) score vs (6.93±2.17) score ],subjective support was [(21.37±3.59)score vs (22.56±3.53)score] and support utilization was [(7.03±2.16) score vs (8.92±2.44) score],self-concept was [(74.33±15.72) score vs (80.65±13.98) score],self-efficacy was [(2.44±0.56) score vs (2.91.±0.52) score ] and the examination performance was [(pull-up:(5.12±3.77) times vs (12.09±4.52) times; sit-up:(30.82±9.54) times/3 min vs (70.20±16.83) times/3min; push-up:(21.32±9.73)times/2 min vs (61.75±17.62)times/2 min; Running 3000 meters:(14.17±1.14) s vs (12.82±0.32) s; standing grade throw:(26.68±4.62) mvs (35.38±8.44) m ],which was significantly improved (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).ConclusionsComprehensive group psychological training implemented by Squad leader could effectively improve the ability of adaptation of recruits and promote the performance.
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Peacekeeping is a military operation under certain conditions.In the special operations,the military personnel will have a special emotional response,mainly tension.It includes physical and psychological stress,based on the cognition and evaluation of the environment and forms of military activities.The psychological problems of peacekeepers caused by peacekeeping operation have been identified as one of the major reasons for non-combat attrition.Thus,researches on mental health of peacekeepers should not be ignored.So,we reviewed the interaction between peacekeeping operations and peacekeepers'mental health,and a few psychological intervention techniques to provide theoretical and practical basis for serving peacekeepers with mental health.
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Based on the military personnel′s physical quality, the psychological quality of military personnel is the combination of psychological characters and behavioral characters, and it is developed through the subject-object interaction in military activities. The psychological quality is a prerequisite for military personnel to carry out their duty. The structural denotation of the psychological quality includes 18 elements. In order to improve the personnel′s psychological quality and to enhance the combat effectiveness of troops, the psychological intervention system in military settings consists of 4 subsystems: training of a group of professionals; psychological testing, selection of cadets, and management of psychological dossiers; psychological education and training; and crisis intervention.
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The psychological quality of military personnel is an important research topic in military psychology. The present rating scale for psychological quality of military personnel consisted of 30 items, and with this scale 94 military officers of 3 different rank groups were subjected to the test. 18 items were screened out as the items concerning basic psychological quality of military personnel according to the following two criteria: (1) more than 80% of the officers selected this item; (2) the mean score of the item was more than 1.00. Analysis of the results showed that, the connotation and denotation of the psychological quality of military personnel were in a certain degree similar to that of the general definition, and they also represented some special characteristics required by military settings. This study suggested that these 18 items reflected the basic elements of structural extension of the psychological quality of military personnel.
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In order to study the mental health status of military personnel under settings of special military operations, 1 263 officers and crew of a submarine base, 361 officers and crew of a naval base and 753 officers and soldiers of a missile base were subjected to SCL-90 scale evaluation. The results were compared with mililary norms and civilian norms. It was revealed that SCL-90 of all the members of three groups had higher scores on every factor compared with the eivilion norms. Besides somatic factors, the scores of other factors were also higher than that of military norms. The results suggested that certain special military operation settings could exert negative impact on the mental health status of military personnel. An analysis of the results also showed that the greatest impact was found in submarine and naval officers and crew, as well as in missile troops, indicating that highly enclosed settings could strongly influence the mental health of individuals.
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Sensitivity toward pictorial sexual information was tested implicitly in 448 servicemen from four different arm services and 86 civilians. 20 pairs of pictures containing sex information for sensitivity test were screened out in prior-experiment, and then they were exposed to the test subjects with a 500 ms duration, in order to find out the difference in the subjects' preference in selecting sexual and non-sexual information pictures. The result showed that, compared with the civilians, all the four groups of servicemen showed stronger inclination in selection of sexual information pictures, however there was no group difference or gender difference. The results also suggested that, implicit experiment with paired pictures could be one kind of reliable and effective method in studying sex information sensitivity.
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To explore the effects of the psychological behavior training on the recruits' physical performance. A total of 380 recruits selected from the Department of General Staff and missile troops were divided into experimental group and control group. The recruits of the experimental group undertook psychological behavior training before athletic exercises, including 3 000-meter running, grenade throwing, and push-up. The scores of these athletic exercises were compared between recruits of two groups. The results showed that the performance was improved in all the recruits, but the recruits of the experimental group made even greater improvement. The differences were statistically significant (P
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Objective To explore the most convenient and valid tool for screening mental disorders among servicemen. Methods Soldiers and officers stationed at Guilin were enrolled for the study. They were first examined with the Symptom Check-list 90 (SCL-90), Cornell Medicine Index (M-R)[CMI(M-R)], University Student Personality Inventory (UPI) and WHO neurosis screening schedule respectively. Then they were subjected clinical interview and examination individually, and clinical diagnosis of mental disorder was made according to CCMD-3 standard. The validity of each questionnaire was evaluated by using Criterion-related Validity. Results The sensitivity of WHO neurosis screening schedule was found to be 100%, and the specificity was 92.1%. SCL-90 and CMI (M-R) yielded similar results, their sensitivity was found to be 46.9% and 43.4%, and the specificity to be 86.1% and 78.9%, respectively. The sensitivity of UPI was found to be 83.1% and the specificity 46.1%. Conclusion The WHO neurosis screening schedule is the best in both sensitivity and specificity of validity, but its practice is time-consuming and laborious, which limits its application. SCL-90 and CMI (M-R) are imperfect in sensitivity of validity, and they cannot screen out the mental disorder in more than a half of the subjects. In a group test, they can hardly serve as a screening tool. UPI can screen out most of the mental disorder, and its sensitivity of validity reaches 83.1%. Additionally, the UPI questionnaire contains fake-test items, which could retest those who were missed due to untruly or not conscientiously answer the questionnaires. An acceptable way to obtain a true screening test is to give the individuals a propaganda of mental health and explain the questionnaires for 30 minutes before the test, which helps the examinee to understand the procedure and accept the questionnaires, so that the results of the test could be more reliable. In conclusion, UPI is a valuable screening tool to be recommended.
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Objective:To analyze the characteristics of psychological problem and its influence factors in serviceman.Methods:A total of 362 serviceman were measured with SCL 90, and the state of body,cognition,emotion and social function, etc .were analyzed.Results:(1) The grand mean,positive items,positive symptom mean,partial factorial score of serviceman were higher than that of normal Chinese;(2) The factors influencing psychological health of serviceman included education,only child,environment,single family and so on.(3)There were obvious correlation between single parent family and somatization,interpersonal relations and anxiety,between growing environment and anancasm,interpersonal relation, and between only child and interpersonal relation,phobia.Conclusion:The psychological problems of serviceman are cognition,emotion and interpersonal relations,this may be correlated with their psychological characteristics and army particularity.
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Based on a retrospective review of researches on military stress home and abroad,this paper elaborates on the following4important issues:the promptness of selected literature,the advance of stress theories,the objectivity of the methods and the practicability of the results. [
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Objective To investigate the influence of a catastrophic event to the mental health of servicemen,and to observe the effect of mental intervention and drug treatment for them after experiencing a catastrophic flood attack.Methods 57 servicemen survived a catastrophic flood attack were regarded as the disaster group,and 70 others who were not involved in the flood disaster were regarded as the control group.The service men of the two groups were subjected to investigation with Chinese Military Mental Health Scale(CMMHS),and corresponding mental intervention or medication was given to those who had experienced mental disorders.Results The disaster resulted in different degrees of somatic trauma and various mental disorders including instability of emotion,mental depression,grievance,nervous tension,sensation of fear,sleep disorder and apprehensions.The influential factor scores of CMMHS,including compulsive neurosis,anxiety,depression,fear,psychosis,somatization,interpersonal sensitiveness,and total score were much higher in disaster group than that in control group,and that of norm of Chinese servicemen,while the neurasthenia factor score in disaster group showed no significant difference with that in control group and that of normal Chinese servicemen.The main influential factors to changes in mental health of the servicemen were witness of someone washed away by the flood,and participation in identifying corpses.Conclusion The mental health of servicemen who experienced a catastrophic flood disaster was harmed in various degrees,and medication or mental intervention appeared to be of value.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between psychological stress status and the personality of the soldiers who took part in a large-scale military exercise. Methods The psychological stress self-evaluation test (PSET), SCL-90 game and Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) were conducted in 126 servicemen before and after a field military exercise. Correlation between psychological stress status and their personality profile was studied versus the SCL-90 after military exercise. Results 126 servicemen who had taken part in the military exercise were tested with PSET. The number of persons whose PSET data T≥70 increased from 9 before the exercise to 35 after the exercise (P
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Objective To investigate the correlation between the soldier' mental status and their coping style and the social supports in a jointed military exercise.Methods 538 servicemen who took part in a jointed military exercise were selected as study objects.All the objects were interviewed with the aid of Symptom Check List-90(SCL-90),Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ),Simple Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ)and the Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).Collected data were analyzed by statistical methods including t-test,chi-square test and Pearson product correlation analysis.Results The SCL-90 factor scores of the study objects were significantly higher than that of Chinese military personnel norms(P
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Objective To investigate the influences of large-scale military exercise on immune and endocrine secretory function of soldiers.Methods The psychological stress self-evaluation test(PSET)was applied on 126 officers and soldiers before and after the military exercise.Radioimmunoassay(RIA)technique was employed to determine the contents of serum interlukine-2(IL-2),interlukine-6(IL-6),interlukine-8(IL-8),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),cortisol(Cor)and aldosterone(Ald)in 126 subjects.All data were processed by correlation analysis.Results Compared with that of before exercise,the contents of serum IL-2 declined significantly(P
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Objective To investigate the influence of military exercise on some biochemical indexes in soldiers.Methods The level of serum soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1(sTNFR-1)and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1)were determined with ELISA in peripheral blood of 133 servicemen who participated in the excercise before and after the military exercise.At the same time,the levels of serum gastrin and tetosterone were determined by radioimmunassay(RIA),the level of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malonyl dialdehyde(MDA)were determined by biochemical methods.The correlation between the changes in these contents and psychological stress was studied.Results The levels of serum sTNFR-1,sICAM-1,testosterone and MDA of 133 servicemen increased after the military exercise compared with that of before the exercise(P0.05).Conclusion As a strong stress,military exercise can inhibit the immunological function and produce changes in emotional state,gastroenterological hormones,sex hormones etc.It is necessary to carry out mental and physiological training,so that the ability of servicemen to withstand the military stress can be improved.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between the recruits' gastrointestinal hormone level and military stress.Methods 150 army recruits were included for the study.The gastrointestinal symptom and mental status of army recruits were investigated with questionnaires as well as Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90).Serum gastrin,vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP),cortisol,?-endorphine(?-EP)levels were determined with radioimmunological techniques before and after live ammumition shooting training.All the army recruits underwent endoscopic and abdominal ultrasonographic examinations,and the presence of Helicobacter pylori(Hp)was detected by rapid urease test(RUT).Results 17 army recruits developed erosive gastritis or peptic ulcer after shooting training.Hp was detected in 94 army recruits(62.7%),the infectation rate was significantly higher than that of normal people(55%,P
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Objective To investigate the effect of mental diathesis training on recruits' psychological health.Methods A total of 200 recruits were divided into intervention group and control group with 100 recruits in each group.Those in intervention group were trained by Mental Diathesis Training for 6 weeks,and the recruits in control group were not.SCL-90 and Coping styles scale were employed to evaluate the mental health before and after training.Results Except phobia and psychoticism,other factor-scores of SCL-90 of the recruits in intervention gsoup were decreased significantly after the training.Except somatization,no significant difference was found in other factor-scores of SCL-90 of the recruits in control group after the training.Except somatization,phobia and psychoticism,other factor-scores of SCL-90 of recruits in intervention group were significantly higher than that of the recruits in control group(P
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Objective To investigate the mental health and personality of soldiers operated inside and outside tunnels,and explore the necessity and particularity of mental training.Method One hundred and four soldiers worked inside tunnel and 88 outside tunnel were tested by Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90) and Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ),and the results were analyzed statistically.Result With an exception of phobia,the SCL-90 scores of most factors were significantly higher in the soldiers worked inside tunnel than outside tunnel(P0.05) on EPQ-E and EPQ-P scores.Some of SCL-90 index scores showed positive correlation with EPQ-P and N dimension scores,and negative correlation with EPQ-E dimension score(P0.05).Conclusion Personality feature is an important factor that influences the mental health of soldiers worked inside tunnel.It is important to adopt appropriate mental training and improve the adaptability of soldiers to the military environment.