Radioprotective effect of ATP on mice irradiated with a lethal dose of γ-ray / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective To investigate the in vivo radioprotective effect of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) on radiation damage induced by high dose γ-ray ionizing radiation(IR) in mice.Methods Specific pathogen-free C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into IR group and IR+ATP group by body weight,with 10 mice in each group.All the mice were treated with a 8 Gy one-time and high-dose whole body γ-ray irradiation.Within 6 h after irradiation,mice were injected intramuscular injection of 150 pl sodium chloride solution (9 g/L) for IR group,and 150 μl ATP solution (6 mg/kg) for IR+ATP group,respectively.The drug was administered once a day until the death of the animal.The mean survival days,survival rate,body weight and major organ coefficients in both groups were measured.Results The average survival days of mice in IR group and IR +ATP group were 6.5 d and 9.6 d,respectively.The survival rate of the mice in IR+ATP group was higher than that in IR group (P＜0.01).The body weight values of the mice in IR+ATP group was higher than that in IR group on the after the 4th day post-irradiation,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).Except for heart and stomach,the organ coefficients of liver,spleen,lung,and kidney in IR +ATP mice were higher than those in IR group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).Conclusion ATP has certain radiation protection effect,and it can reduce the radiation damage of mice induced by high-dose (8 Gy) γ-ray IR so as to increase the survival rate.

Protective effect of kombucha mushroom (KM) tea on chromosomal aberrations induced by gamma radiation in human peripheral lymphocytes in-vitro.

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential radioprotective effect of kombucha musroom tea (KM – tea) on gamma radiation (g) – induced chromosomal aberrations (CAs) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. For this purpose, we used in vitro dose-effect relationship, and correlated these data with statistical parameters. CAs were classified into six major types as break, dicentric, acentric, fragment, gap and ring. Mitotic index (MI) and the numbers of aberrant metaphases (AMN) were also calculated for each donor. Six groups of the lymphocytes were prepared by in vitro culture according to the standard protocol. Group I (control) did not receive any g – radiation or KM – tea, Group II (positive control) was treated with 1000 μl dose of KM – tea alone, Group III was treated with 5 Gy dose of g – radiation alone, Group IV was treated with 250 μl dose of KM – tea before irradiation, Group V was treated with 500 μl KM – tea before irradiation, Group VI was treated with 1000 μl KM–tea before irradiation. The results indicated that all KM–tea supplemented lymphocytes had lower frequency of CAs than in the group treated with g - radiation alone (p<0.05). It was seen that KM – tea had a protective effect againist CAs particularly at 500 and 1000 μl doses. Besides, MI values increased and AMN decreased after application of KM – tea in a dose/ dependent manner. In vitro results showed that KM – tea supplementation may decrease the frequency of CAs and its radioprotective action against ionizing radiation is dose-dependent.

Protective effect of Anisodamine on ionizing radiation damage of cochlea / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To explore protective effect of Anisodamine against injure of cochlea hair cells induced by ionizing radiation. Methods 50 healthy guinea pigs were randomly divided into 3groups: radiation group( n = 20) , anisodamine protective group( n = 20) and control group( n = 10). 20ears were observed in each group. Tempora of guinea pigs in anisodamine protective group and radiation group were exposed to fractional doses of 6 MeV electron beam produced by linear accelerators (2 Gy/d)with a total dose of 60 Gy. Animals were injected intramuscularly with anisodamine (20 mg/kg) in protection group and equal saline solution in irradiated group, respectively, 30 min pre-irradiation.Morphological and functional changes in the guinea pig cochlea were observed. Results After radiation,the average ABR threshold value of the radiation group (52. 27 ± 2.42 dB peSPL) was significantly higher than that of the anisodamine protection group (37.65 ± 1.92 dB peSPL, t = 2.01, P＜ 0.05 ), and outer fair cells of cochlea reduced greatly in quantity by observing the stretched preparations of cochlea basilar membrane ( F=135. 362, P＜ 0.05 ). Under transmission electron microscope, outer fair cells of cochlea in the radiation group had obscure boundaries and swelled to lose their original shapes. Meanwhile, cell implement and the nucleus were obviously obnormal after radiation. In the anisodamine protection group,the boundaries of cochlea outer fair cells were very clear and the cells swelled a little. Cell implement and nuclear envelope were complete. Cochlea outer fair cells in the control group were found to line up in order with no collapse and reduction in number under scanning electron microscope, but those in the radiation group collapsed obviously, reduced in number and aligned in a state of chaos, while the outer fair cells in the anisodamine protection group regularly posed on the whole and the collapse was occasionally found.Conclusions The 60 Gy radiation at fractioned dose on the tempuses of the guinea pigs could cause damage to the cochlea hair cells. Anisodamine might have a protective effect against radiation damage.

In vivo Radioprotective Effects of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in C3H Mice / 대한방사선종양학회지

PURPOSE: In order to understand in vivo radiation damage modifying effect of bFGF on jejunal mucosa, bone marrow and the effect of bFGF on the growth of transplanted mouse sarcoma 180 tumor in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mice were treated with 6 microgram of bFGF at 24 hours and 4 hours before exposing to 600 cGy, 800 cGy and 1,000 cGy total body irradiation (TBI), and then exposed to 3,000 cGy local radiation therapy on the tumor bearing thigh. Survival and tumor growth curve were plotted in radiation alone group and combined group of bFGF and irradiation (RT). Histologic examination was performed in another experimental group. Experimental groups consisted of normal control, tumor control, RT (radiation therapy) alone, 6 microgram bFGF alone, combined group of 3 microgram bFGF and irradiation (RT), combined group of 6 microgram bFGF and irradiation (RT). Histologic examination was performed with H-E staining in marrow, jejunal mucosa, lung and sarcoma 180 bearing tumor. Radiation induced apoptosis was determined in each group with the DNA terminal transferase nick-end labeling method (ApopTag S7100-kit, Intergen Co.) RESULTS: The results were as follows 1) 6 microgram bFGF given before TBI significantly improved the survival of lethally irradiated mice. bFGF would protect against lethal bone marrow syndrome. 2) 6 microgram bFGF treated group showed a significant higher crypt depth and microvilli length than RT alone group (p0.05). 6) There were no significant differences in histopathologic findings of lung and mouse sarcoma 180 tumor between radiation alone group and bFGF treated group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that bFGF protects small bowel and bone marrow from acute radiation damage without promoting the inoculated tumor growth in C3H mice. Improved recovery of early responding normal tissue and reduced number of radiation induced apoptosis may be possible mechanism of radioprotective effect of bFGF.

Skin Radioprotector (Diethone) Modifying Dermal Response of Radiation on Rats / 대한치료방사선과학회지

Investigations were carried out into the time-and dose-related changes in acute skin reaction following graded single dose (20, 30 and 40 Gy) of x-ray irradiation in Wistar rats, in order to evaluate the radioprotective effect of Diethon on skin. For the duration of skin response over 1. 5 score in dose of 40 Gy, the Diethone group of 24.7 days was significantly different (p<0.02) from that of control (29.8 days) and vaseline (29.2 days) groups, it was 17.1% diminution of skin response period compared with that of control group. By the averaging daily scores for 10 days during peak skin reaction the mean scores were obtained. Mean score of Diethone group (2.43+/-0.22) was significantly different (p<0.01) from that of control (2.91+/-0.23) and vaseline (2.81+/-0.18) groups of 40 Gy dose. By iso-effect dose obtained at level of 2.5 score the dose reduction factor(DRF) was 1.41 which reduced radiation dose of 41% by radioprotective effect of Diethone. From this experimental data, it may be possible to give higher radiation dose to large and/or radioresistant tumor mass rather than conventional treatment doses for improving therapeutic ratio by using topical application of skin radioprotector.

THE RADIOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF FLAVONOIDS FROM GINKGO BILOBA LEAVES / 营养学报

Objective: To study the radioprotective effect of flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba leaves(GBF). Methods: Three water extracts of GBF were prepared (low dosage 10 mg/100 ml, medium dosage 20 mg/100 ml and high dosage 100 mg/100 ml) and orally administered to mice . After 10 d, the mice were exposed to 8.5Gy -rays. After another 10 d of oral administration, the survival rates were recorded in 30 d. In another experiment, six groups of mice (three GBF groups, radiation control, normal control and cyclophosphamide group) were arranged. The first three groups were orally administered with low, medium and high dosage of GBF respectively for 11d; the other three groups with distilled water. Then the three GBF groups and radiation group were exposed to 1.0Gy -rays. Then they were orally administered again in the following 7d . Micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in bone-marrow and sperms (AFS) in mice were observed on the 21st day after termination of oral administration. Proliferation rates of lymphocyte (PRL) were determined in the three GBF groups and normal control. Results: Low, medium and high dosage of GBF increased the survival rates by 31.7%, 25.3% and 26.5% respectively(P