ABSTRACT
Studies have shown that COVID-19 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 have severe pulmonary inflammation and cytokine storm, so the treatment of cytokine storm is an important part of rescuing critically ill patients with COVID-19. As an important cause of death, the preclinical study of cytokine storm is essential, and related experiments in vivo and in vitro are also the only way to develop new drugs for COVID-19 in the future. This paper reviews the in vitro and in vivo experimental methods of cytokine storm research articles at home and abroad in recent years, including the establishment of animal models, cell evaluation methods, pharmacodynamic evaluation indicators, etc., in order to provide reference and guidance for the experimental design methods of cytokine storm.
ABSTRACT
Protein-protein interactions (PPI) are involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell-to-cell interactions, metabolism and development control. The misregulation, post-translational modification and interference of PPI are related to a variety of human diseases, making the regulation of these interactions a very attractive field of drug discovery. In recent years, the interaction between MDM2 and p53 has become a research hotspot, which plays an important role in the treatment of tumors. But unfortunately there are no such inhibitors approved all over the world. In this view, recent advances of MDM2-p53 inhibitors were briefly described and its inhibitors with potential therapeutic activities in clinical studies were introduced.
ABSTRACT
The nose together with the paranasal sinuses is the main part of the upper airway,which is lined with pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium.There are several important physiological functions such as conditioning and filtration of the inspired air and the provision of end organ for the sense of smell.Besides the nose also fulfills a physical and immunological barrier as the nasal epithelium is the first site of interaction between the host tissue and foreign invaders,such as viruses,bacteria,fungi,allergens,and harmful particulates.Hence,nasal diseases such as rhinitis (allergic and infectious) and rhinosinusitis are the most common health problems worldwide,affecting millions of people of all ages.In the past 10 to 20 years,our understanding of the immuno-pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the common nasal diseases has been significantly enhanced by in vivo and in vitro studies.This allows the development of novel therapeutic strategies designed to improve the physiological and immune defense functions of the nose,as well as for other common airway diseases.Since the dynamically external changes of atmosphere,environment (pollution) and susceptible population,we are now facing some of new features on epidemiology and the types of upper airway diseases that require us to in-deep study the diseases through basic and clinical researches,so as to further understand the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of the diseases.