ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Descrever o dimensionamento do quadro de pessoal de Enfermagem na atenção básica em um município do Amazonas. Metodologia: Método qualitativo de caráter descritivo, com investigação do objeto fundamentada no Estudo de Casos Múltiplos, segundo Yin (2015). A pesquisa foi realizada em duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde UBS, localizadas no distrito do Cacau Pirêra, município de Iranduba, no estado do Amazonas. Aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Paulista CEP/UNIP, sob o Parecer de nº 5.968.666 e CAAE 67017022.1.0000.5512. Resultados: Conforme Resolução COFEN n° 543 de 2017, as unidades em estudo obtiveram quantidade insuficiente de profissionais de determinadas categorias que resulta em pressão da carga de trabalho, porém também obtiveram números de profissionais de outras categorias em equilíbrio conforme suas respectivas demandas. Considerações Finais: Percebe-se o quão importante é essa ferramenta de gestão, que permite ampliar a visão para as condições de trabalho da equipe no momento atual, uma vez que projeta o quantitativo adequado de profissionais para favorecer assistência qualificada. Espera-se, portanto, que essa pesquisa estimule futuras investigações que levem em consideração o dimensionamento para além do ambiente intra-hospitalar e subsidie políticas que efetivem esse olhar mais ampliado sobre o tema.
Objective: To describe the dimensioning of nursing staff in primary care in a municipality of Amazonas. Methodology: Qualitative method of descriptive character, with investigation of the object based on the Multiple Case Study, according to Yin (2015). The research was carried out in two Basic Health Units - UBS, located in the district of Cacau Pirêra, Iranduba municipality, in the state of Amazonas. Approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Paulista - CEP/UNIP, under the Opinion No. 5.968.666 and CAAE 67017022.1.0000.5512. Results: According to COFEN Resolution n° 543 of 2017, the units under study obtained an insufficient number of professionals of certain categories that results in workload pressure, but also obtained numbers of professionals of other categories in balance according to their respective demands. Final Considerations: We realize how important this management tool is, which allows us to broaden the vision for the working conditions of the team at the current moment, since it designs the appropriate number of professionals to favor qualified assistance. It is hoped, therefore, that this research will stimulate future investigations that take into consideration the dimensioning beyond the intra-hospital environment and will provide input for policies that will make this broader view of the theme effective.
Propósito: Describir el tamaño del personal de enfermería en la atención básica de un municipio de Amazonas. Metodología: Método cualitativo de carácter descriptivo, con investigación de objetos basada en el estudio de casos múltiples según Yin (2015). La investigación se llevó a cabo en dos Unidades Básicas de Salud UBS, ubicadas en el distrito de Cacau Pirêra, en el municipio de Iranduba, en el estado de Amazonas. Aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Investigación de la Universidad Paulista (CEP/UNIP), con arreglo a los dictámenes no 5.968.666 y CAAE 67017022.1.000.5512. Resultados: De acuerdo con la Resolución 543 de la COFEN de 2017, las unidades estudiadas obtuvieron un número insuficiente de profesionales de ciertas categorías que resultan en presión de la carga de trabajo, pero también obtuvieron un número de profesionales de otras categorías en equilibrio de acuerdo con sus respectivas demandas. Consideraciones finales: Se puede ver lo importante que es esta herramienta de gestión, que permite ampliar la visión de las condiciones de trabajo del equipo en este momento, ya que proyecta la cantidad apropiada de profesionales para favorecer la asistencia calificada. Por lo tanto, se espera que esta investigación estimule futuras investigaciones que tengan en cuenta la dimensión más allá del entorno intrahospitalario y subvencionen políticas que lleven a cabo este enfoque más amplio sobre el tema.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate biomechanical characteristics of femoral neck fracture with different reduction qualities. Methods Three cases of Sawbones artificial femoral models were selected, and two cases of Pauwel III femoral neck fracture were modeled. Three cannulated screws were inserted into the models in the form of inverted triangle to fix the fracture. Two cases maintained different reduction qualities (defined as Model 1 and Model 2). In the 3 third case, no modeling operation was performed (defined as intact model). Then the strain gauges were respectively pasted on regions of interest of the 3 femoral models. Finally, the femur model was applied with the vertical load on mechanical testing machine. Results When the displacement of femoral head reached 4 mm, the average load of intact model, Model 1 and Model 2 was (236.30±5.35), (196.57±3.56), (69.50±2.95) N, showing significant differences. When the displacement of femoral head reached 5 mm, the average load of intact model, Model 1 and Model 2 was (276.7±3.40)，(232.93±2.64)，(80.83±4.54) N, showing significant differences. Conclusions The lower the reduction quality of the femoral neck fracture, the weaker the ability of the femur to bear stress, the higher the probability of nonunion, re-fracture and femoral head necrosis in the process of postoperative rehabilitation.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To summarize the evolving concept and research progress on stability reconstruction in the surgical treatment of intertrochanteric fracture. Methods: Related literature and author's own experience concerning the surgical treatment of intertrochanteric fracture were reviewed and analyzed in terms of fracture pathoanatomy, stable and unstable pattern, adequate and in-adequate reduction, primary and secondary stability, postoperative stability evaluation, and early weight-bearing. Results: Intertrochanteric fracture occur at the translational area of cervico-trochanteric junction, which has a nature tendency to varus instability. Fracture reduction quality is the paramount factor and is evaluated by two views, the anteroposterior and lateral Garden alignment and cortex apposition between the head-neck fragment and the femoral shaft. Rather than the posteromedial lesser trochanteric frag ment, the cortical support concept (positive, neutral, negative) emphasizes the reduction of anteromedial cortex to a nonanatomic positive apposition or an "anatomic" neutral apposition in intraoperative fluoroscopy. Postoperative radiographic stability score provides a quantitative assessment for early weight-bearing standing and walking. However, some fractures may lose cortical contact and buttress (negative) during the process of postoperative telescoping and secondary stability. Further studies are needed to elucidate the risk factors such as tilting, swing or rotation of the head-neck fragment, and propose new preventive methods. Conclusion: Stability reconstruction of intertrochanteric fracture requires adequate fracture reduction with Garden alignment and anteromedial cortical support apposition, and reliable sustainment by internal fixation implants. Early weight-bearing standing and walking is safe in patients with perfect postoperative stability score.