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The convenience of "no installation, available at your fingertips" of the WeChat small program makes it unique in the application of mobile terminal auxiliary experimental teaching. In order to optimize the assessment system and improve the quality and outcomes of experimental teaching, a self-designed WeChat small program was used to assist the development of the process assessment system. This system was applied to the teaching practice of "Experiment of Inorganic Chemistry" course for the first-year undergraduates majored in Biological Engineering, with the aim to promote teaching and learning by assessment. The results showed that course scores of the students who used this small program were superior to the control group and the correlation between the process assessment and final examination results was significant. These results indicated the WeChat small program assisted process assessment could effectively improve the learning outcomes of students, enable them to grasp the knowledge of Experiment of Inorganic Chemistry efficiently. The results of the questionnaire for the teachers and students also showed a high recognition of the WeChat small program assisted teaching.
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Humans , Bioengineering , Chemistry, Inorganic , Learning , Process Assessment, Health Care , StudentsABSTRACT
Objective To explore the feasibility of the CT image reconstruction of laryngeal cartilage and hyoid bone in adult age estimation using data mining methods. Methods The neck thin slice CT scans of 413 individuals aged 18 to <80 years were collected and divided into test set and train set, randomly. According to grading methods such as TURK et al., all samples were graded comprehensively. The process of thyroid cartilage ossification was divided into 6 stages, the process of cricoid cartilage ossification was divided into 5 stages, and the synosteosis between the greater horn of hyoid and hyoid body was divided into 3 stages. Multiple linear regression model, support vector regression model, and Bayesian ridge regression model were developed for adult age estimation by scikit-learn 0.17 machine learning kit （Python language）. Leave-one-out cross-validation and the test set were used to further evaluate performance of the models. Results All indicators were moderately or poorly associated with age. The model with the highest accuracy in male age estimation was the support vector regression model, with a mean absolute error of 8.67 years, much higher than the other two models. The model with the highest accuracy in female adult age estimation was the support vector regression model, with a mean absolute error of 12.69 years, but its accuracy differences with the other two models had no statistical significance. Conclusion Data mining technology can improve the accuracy of adult age estimation, but the accuracy of adult age estimation based on laryngeal cartilage and hyoid bone is still not satisfactory, so it should be combined with other indicators in practice.
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Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Bayes Theorem , Data Mining , Hyoid Bone/diagnostic imaging , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Laryngeal Cartilages/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Peritoneal adhesions are fibrous tissues that tether organs to one another or to the peritoneal wall and represent the major cause of postsurgical morbidity. Enterolysis at repeat surgeries induces adhesion reformation that is more difficult to prevent than primary adhesion. Here we studied the preventive effects of different approaches of berberine treatment for primary adhesion, and its effects on adhesion reformation compared to Interceed. We found the primary adhesion was remarkably prevented by berberine through intraperitoneal injection 30 min before abrasive surgery (pre-berberine) or direct addition into injured cecum immediately after the surgery (inter-berberine). Rats with adhesion reformation had a more deteriorative collagen accumulation and tissue injury in abrasive sites than rats with primary adhesion. The dysregulated TIMP-1/MMP balance was observed in patients after surgery, as well as adhesion tissues from primary adhesion or adhesion reformation rats. Inter-berberine treatment had a better effect for adhesion reformation prevention than Interceed. Berberine promoted the activation of MMP-3 and MMP-8 by directly blocking TIMP-1 activation core, which was reversed by TIMP-1 overexpression in fibroblasts. In conclusion, this study suggests berberine as a reasonable approach for preventing primary adhesion formation and adhesion reformation.
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Objective To explore the value of degree of cranial suture closure in forensic adult age estimation by thin-layer CT scan and establish an adult age estimation model of the Han nationality. Methods Thin-layer CT scan samples of the heads of 220 healthy Sichuan Han adults （110 males, 110 females） aged 20 to 70 were collected, of which 20 samples （10 males, 10 females） were randomly selected as test samples. The sagittal suture, coronal suture （both left and right） and lambdoid suture （both left and right） were respectively and equally divided into 2 segments, and every segment was equally divided into 10 layers and the corresponding multiplanar reformation （MPR） images were selected. The closure of cranial sutures on MPR images was classified into the grades 1-7. The correlations between cranial sutures and age were analyzed to build regression equation for age estimation. Results The degree of closure of sagittal suture, coronal suture （both left and right） and lambdoid suture （both left and right） was positively correlated with age. The coefficient of determination （R2） of regression equation was 0.419 in males, 0.589 in females, and 0.522 in all samples. The results of the verification test showed that the mean absolute error （MAE） was 6.39 years in males, 6.16 years in females, and 6.29 years in all samples. Conclusion There was a higher accuracy in adult age estimation by thin-layer CT scan of cranial sutures. The age of Han nationality adults can be estimated by the degree of cranial sutures closure.
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Female , Male , Cranial Sutures/diagnostic imaging , Head , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Background: The sphenoid sinus shows multitude of variations in pneumatization, size and pattern of septations leading to differences in its segmentation. Pre-operative knowledge of their attachment especially to posterolateral bony walls covering vital structures is of utmost importance for a safe trans-sphenoidal approach for various surgical procedures involving skull base. Non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) with its ability to provide multiplanar reformations (MPR) with sharp algorithms is now a reference standard for visualization of these intra-sphenoid sinus septations preoperatively. The objective of this study was to determine the number and attachment of intra-sphenoid sinus septations in a Kashmiri population sample.Methods: NCCT head images of 591 patients in the age range of 16 to 75 years were analyzed retrospectively. Individuals with age less than 16 years, previous surgery involving skull base/sphenoid sinus, trauma causing hem sinus/fractures around skull base or having space occupying lesions around skull base/sphenoid sinus were excluded from the study. On the CT workstation multi-planar coronal, sagittal and axial reconstructions were performed and subsequently examined.Results: The age range was 16 to 75 years with mean age of 43.56 years of which 453 (76.6%) were males and 138 (23.4%) were females. Single intra-sphenoid septation was the most common anatomic variant in present study (79.7%) being complete in 71.7% and partial or incomplete in 8% of the examined subjects. Double septa were found in 11% inpresent study and more than 2 septae in 3.4%. After sellar attachment (51%) the next most common site of attachment was to the carotid canal (29.5%) (23% to left ICA and 6.5% to the right ICA).Conclusions: Intricate knowledge about sphenoid sinus, its pneumatization and anatomical variations in intra-sphenoid sinus septations and its relationship with the surrounding vital structures is of utmost importance before performing any endoscopic/open surgery involving skull base via trans-sphenoidal approach. The present study shows that a significant percentage of septal attachment to the carotid canal makes main sphenoidal septum as not so reliable landmark for endoscopic procedures as used to be in the pre-imaging era. Thus, preoperative CT is mandatory to avoid injuries to para-sellar neurovascular and glandular structures.
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Background:Radiological determination of gender relies predominantly on the skeletal radiology and assumes importance in mass natural disasters, bomb explosions, exhumations and warfare where skeletal fragmentation is common. Varied literature is present regarding the role of foramen magnum in establishing gender identification.The objective of the study wasto establish normative values of cross-sectional area of foramen magnum in both genders using NCCT and try to ascertain any significant difference in cross-sectional area in the two genders which may help in gender identification.Methods:NCCT head images of 378 subjects were analysed in individuals beyond the age of skeletal immaturity. Free ROI technique using electronic calliper tool was used. The cross-sectional area of foramen magnum was automatically obtained after tracing its whole inner circumference.Results:Mean cross-sectional area of foramen magnum in females was 806.79±106.58 mm2and was 878.33±98.42 mm2in males. Although the cross-sectional area in males was greater than females no statistically significant difference was found. The correlation coefficient was found to be weaker (R=0.0413). Conclusions: No statistically significant difference was found between the two genders. The correlation coefficient was also weak to draw any inference about the gender of the skull on CT imaging. Further studies are needed to include other parameters like the sagittal and transverse diameters of foramen magnum in a larger sample to show importance of foramen magnum, if any, in helping gender identification of skeletal remains
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Resumo: Este texto trata do movimento de contrarreforma (restrições de direitos) referentes à Previdência Social iniciado na década de 1990 e das propostas para o seu aprofundamento, com a PEC nº 287/2016, diante do agravamento da crise estrutural do capital, da crescente (e questionável) dívida pública e das pressões das instituições financeiras (bancos, fundos de pensão, entre outras), sobre o Estado, para reorientar o máximo possível o fundo público a seu favor e de outras frações do grande capital. Trata ainda de possíveis consequências sociais diante de uma eventual aprovação da PEC nº 287/2016.
Abstract: This text deals with the counter reformation movement (restrictions of rights) concerning social welfare started in the 1990s and the proposals for its deepening, with the Proposed Constitutional Amendment - PEC nº 287/2016, in the face of the worsening structural crisis of capital, the growing (and questionable) public debt and the pressures of financial institutions (banks, pension funds, among others), on the State, in order to redirect as much as possible the public fund in its favor and other fractions of the big capital. It also discusses the possible social consequences of a probable approval of the referred PEC nº 287/ 2016.
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Objective: To evaluate the value of computed tomography (CT) multi-planner reconstruction (MPR)in the treatment of lung cancer with percutaneous argon-helium cryoablation.Method:A total of 66 patients with stage T2 or T3 non-small cell lung can-cer who had complete follow-up data were treated with percutaneous argon-helium cryoablation with conventional axial CT(conven-tional group)or MPR guidance(MPR group)between January 2013 and 2016.There were 31 patients in the conventional group and 35 in the MPR group.The total number of punctures,the total time of operation,and the incidence of complications,tumor residual rates,and local control rates were compared between the two groups.Results:When the number of needles was the same,the aver-age number of punctures and puncture errors in the two groups were significantly lower in the MPR group than in the conventional group(P<0.05).Comparing the average operation time,there was no statistical difference between the MPR group and the conven-tional scan group(P>0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications was significantly lower in the MPR group than in the conven-tional scan group.Among them,the incidence of puncture combined hemorrhage was 1.52% vs.13.64%,and pneumothorax second-ary to puncture was 3.03% vs.19.70%(P<0.05).During the follow-up period to 12 months after surgery,the therapeutic benefit indica-tors such as local residual rate and total effective rate in the MPR group were also significantly better than those in the conventional group,which were 1.52% vs.10.61 and 51.52% vs.36.36%(P<0.05),respectively.Conclusions:Using MPR technology to guide percuta-neous argon-helium cryoablation treatment for lung cancer confers a small puncture error,low incidence of complications,and signifi-cant treatment benefits.This method is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Objective: To preliminarily explore the teaching content reformation of medical ultrasound course of undergraduates of biomedical engineering(BME)based on the perspective of clinical engineering(CE)so as to enhance competitive capability of graduate of BME in applying jobs.Methods: Self-designed questionnaire was adopted to investigate graduation plan,knowledge degree of medical ultrasound equipment and learning interests of senior undergraduates of BME.Results: The survey results showed that 22.85％(7 in 31 valid questionnaire)students hope to find a job in a hospital after they graduated.Before course starts,77.42％(24 in 31 valid questionnaire)respondents said they know nothing about the quality control(QC)of ultrasound diagnostic equipments,which is one of the most important tasks in CE.Comparing with other technical knowledge about medical ultrasound,the knowledge degree of QC is the lowest level.Meanwhile,in the rank of learning interest,students have very high learning interesting at relative QC and management.Conclusion: According to students' employment intension and learning interesting,the relative teaching contents of CE can meet the demand of position of BME students,and it is benefit to improve the job competitiveness of the graduates.Therefore,it is necessary to reform teaching content of medical ultrasound course of BME according to the point of CE.
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In order to improve the teaching quality of clinical epidemiology for medical students engaged in eight-year curriculum of Peking Union Medical College, and foster the practice of evidence-based medicine and clinical research in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), the Clinical Epidemiology Unit of PUMCH(PUMCH-CEU) utilized successful experience from institutions abroad and conducted a teaching reform. In addition to theory teaching, PUMCH-CEU incorporated literature case study and assignments into the course, so as to improve students' understanding about the design, measurement, and evaluation of clinical research. The execution of a well-designed reformation plan has led to a great success of this course, as well as fruitful achievements.
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RESUMO: Apreender o modo como o Brasil reorganiza seu sistema de ensino ao longo da Revolução Passiva ou de redefinição dos limites de seu Estado social é compreender que a atual Contrarreforma, muito mais que produto, é processo. A análise do modo como se autoriza e legitima um partido de classe burguesa - na acepção gramsciana -, o movimento "Todos Pela Educação", impõe o entendimento da tensão entre público e privado no campo da educação. É o que se conclui ao se cotejar as diretrizes institucionais da entidade às metas e estratégias do "Plano Nacional de Educação 2014/2024" e, em especial, aos pilares do "Pacto Pela Educação" em Goiás, como rearranjo local do repertório vocabular do grande capital internacional. Demonstrar esse transformismo é o propósito desta reflexão, que se configura como um recorte da pesquisa que procura apreender a relação entre as reformas educacionais pós anos 1990 e a organização do trabalho pedagógico em Goiás.
ABSTRACT: Learning the way Brazil reorganizes its education system along the Passive Revolution or reset the boundaries of their social state is to understand that thecurrent Counter-Reformation much more than product is the process. The analysis of how it authorizes and legitimizes a bourgeois class party - in the Gramscian sense - the "Education For All Movement" requires understanding the tension between public and private in the field of education. This is we conclude when comparing the institutional guidelines of the Entity to the Goals and Strategies of the National Education Plan 2014/2024 and, in particular, the Pillars of the "Pact for Education" in Goiás, as the local rearrangement of the vocabulary repertoire of the big international capital. Demonstrating this transformism is the purpose of this reflection, which is configured as a research cut that seeks to understand the relationship between educational reforms after 1990 and the organization of pedagogical work in Goiás
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Objective To explore the value of HRCT and contrast-enhanced MRI in diagosis of facial nerve injuries.Methods HRCT and contrast-enhanced MRI were performed in 18 cases of facial nerve injuries.CPR of the facial nerve and canal was performed on the Philips EBW workstation,and the temporal bone involved location,fracture type and involvement of facial nerve and canal and its course were observed.The involved location,size,signal variation of facial nerve were analyzed compared with contralateral side on the GE AW 4.5 workstation.Results Among 18 cases,8 cases of longitudinal fractures,5 cases of transverse fractures and 5 cases of mixed fractures were found.HRCT axial scan and CPR of facial canal revealed that 18 cases had temporal bone fractures,including 1 case of labyrinthine segment,2 cases of geniculate fossa,4 cases of tympanic segment,2 cases of geniculate fossa,tympanic segment and hematoma of middle ear cavity,3 cases of tympanic segment with adjacent hematoma of middle ear cavity and 6 cases without obvious fracture of facial canal.Contrast-enhanced MRI and CPR of facial nerve revealed facial nerve injuries in all 18 cases,including 12 cases of internal auditory meatus segment,14 cases of labyrinthine segment,18 cases of geniculate ganglion,16 cases of tympanic segment and 15 cases of mastoid segment.Signal intensity ratio of affected internal auditory meatus segment,labyrinthine segment,geniculate ganglion,tympanic segment and mastoid segment were higher than those of contralateral side (all P＜ 0.001).Conclusion HRCT and contrast-enhanced MRI can clearly reveal the involvement of different segment of traumatic facial nerve,HRCT CPR and MR CPR are helpful to visualiz the involvement of traumatic facial nerve and canal.
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In order to cultivate clinical pharmacy undergraduates to have better quality, Chongqing Medical University collaborated with The University of Chicago and University of Cincinnati in the reform of the course of pharmacotherapeutics. We build pharmacotherapeutics series curriculum with the center of disease, construct department of clinical pharmacy for transnational departments, build course leader and teaching team of pharmacotherapeutics series curriculum , compile teaching program and its material of pharmacotherapeutics series curriculum, build pharmacotherapeutics series curriculum and teaching model in line with the current direction of China's education system of clinical pharmacy training, reform teaching methods, and strengthen clinical pharmacy practice and community clinical pharmacy education.
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Objective To explore a new mode for remote image diagnosis and to study the development direction of remote image diagnosis in China.Methods The problems and countermeasures of remote image diagnosis in China were pointed out with considerations on its development in foreign countries and China as well as China's national medicine development plan.The present situation and problems of remote image diagnosis were summarized,and some countermeasures were put forward accordingly.Results Internet+ was involved in the upgrade of remote image diagnosis to realize optimized distribution of qualified medical resources,graded medical service,high convenience of the patient as well as high efficient of the doctor and hospital.Conclusion The new mode solves the problems in the existing remote image diagnosis,benefits multi aspects regarding to medical service,and contributes to national medical reformation and medical service transformation.
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The concept and principle of 3D printing technology were described,and its advantages were expounded according to the demands of emergency medical equipment.The application of 3D printing technology in the field of emergency medical equipment was analyzed from six aspects,such as equipment system,disposition model,development and innovation,use-pattern,maintenance methods,comprehensive benefit etc,to provide the references to the future construction and development of emergency medical equipment.It's pointed out 3D,4D and 5D printing technologies were of great significance for driving the development of emergency medical equipment.
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Objective To explore a new mode for remote image diagnosis and to study the development direction of remote image diagnosis in China.Methods The problems and countermeasures of remote image diagnosis in China were pointed out with considerations on its development in foreign countries and China as well as China's national medicine development plan.The present situation and problems of remote image diagnosis were summarized,and some countermeasures were put forward accordingly.Results Internet+ was involved in the upgrade of remote image diagnosis to realize optimized distribution of qualified medical resources,graded medical service,high convenience of the patient as well as high efficient of the doctor and hospital.Conclusion The new mode solves the problems in the existing remote image diagnosis,benefits multi aspects regarding to medical service,and contributes to national medical reformation and medical service transformation.
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The concept and principle of 3D printing technology were described,and its advantages were expounded according to the demands of emergency medical equipment.The application of 3D printing technology in the field of emergency medical equipment was analyzed from six aspects,such as equipment system,disposition model,development and innovation,use-pattern,maintenance methods,comprehensive benefit etc,to provide the references to the future construction and development of emergency medical equipment.It's pointed out 3D,4D and 5D printing technologies were of great significance for driving the development of emergency medical equipment.
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After the 19th South Korean presidential election was scheduled to be held on May 9, 2017, a number of presidential candidates have rushed to announce their health policies. Regardless of the presidential candidate, almost all health policies have tended to focus on fragmentary pledges. Thus, the Research Institute for Healthcare Policy (RIHP), which is part of the Korean Medical Association (KMA), has selected 5 key policy issues among the 25 health policies that were developed through the planning group for health policy development: the development and passage of the Special Act on Supporting Primary Care, the establishment of a health care delivery system, the independence of the Ministry of Healthcare from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the implementation of the right to choose prescription drugs, and progress toward addressing the problems faced by the National Health Insurance program. In addition, the KMA has launched a presidential engagement campaign in order to reinforce its political status, as well as to encourage KMA members to participate in politics. I hope that this paper provides guidance in making correct decisions from a public health perspective, and am confident that this election will help medicine to develop in the right direction.
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Academies and Institutes , Delivery of Health Care , Health Policy , Hope , National Health Programs , Politics , Prescription Drugs , Primary Health Care , Public HealthABSTRACT
Objective To study the value of CT lymphography (CT-LG) in evaluating axillary sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) of rabbit with breast cancer using 3D and curved planar reformation (CPR).Methods CT-LG examinations were completed on the VX2 rabbit models bearing breast cancer established by tumor tissue mass suspension injection.All raw data were transferred to a postprocessing workstation, then the 3D and CPR were used to show lymphatic vessel and lymph nodes.On the CT-LG images, one or several lymph nodes displayed firstly in the lymphatic drainage pathway was defined as the SLN which was then confirmed by the biopsy.Results (1) 20 rabbits bearing tumor underwnet CT-LG examinations, and both SLNs and draining lymphatic vessels were detected using 3D and CPR techniques.70% (14/20) of experimental rabbits had fine images, and 16 SLNs and 7 non-SLNs were demonstrated on 14 rabbits on CT-LG images with good quality.(2) 8 continuous lymphatic vessels displayed well, exhibiting a homogeneous and continuous tube with uniform contrast-medium filling on CPR images.Most lymphatic vessels demonstrated well, and the 14 vessels with local interrupt or fuzzy on 3D images showed continuous tubular contrast-filling with heterogeneous high-density on the CPR images from the injection sites to axillary SLN.Among 6 rabbits with poor images, 3 rabbits showed the SLN but without lymphatic vessels on 3D images, 2 showed only initial segment of lymphatic vessel,and 1 had no lymphatic vessel and SLN.(3) A total 24 SLNs were obtained by SLNB,including 18 metastatic SLNs and 6 negative ones.On CT-LG images, there were statistical differences between the metastatic and negative SLNs in the maximum diameter and filling defect (P=0.041 and P=0.001, respectively).However, the short diameter, shape and margin of SLNs had no statistical differences between the two groups (all P>0.05).Conclusion On CT-LG examinations, 3D and CPR images may show axillary SLNs and lymphatic vessels effectively,and CPR can demonstrate more details than 3D.The maximum diameter and fillingdefect of SLN are helpful for distinguishing metastatic and negative SLNs.
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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of six-slice coronal reformations in patients with acute midepigastric pain. Methods A total of 974 patients with acute midepigastric pain were included in this study and divided into group A(coronal reformation)and group B(non-coronal reformation).For group A,reconstructed coronal and oblique-coronal images were acquired.A comprehensive diagnosis was made based on coronal reformations and axial planes.Anatomical nomenclature was adopted,including kidney-ureter plane,abdominal aorta plane,superior mesenteric artery plane,ascending colon-appendix plane,stomach-cholecyst plane and colon-small intestine plane.For group B,the diagnosis was made based on axial planes.Finally,a comprehensive analysis was made,missed cases in these two groups were counted and compared,and statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software(version SPSS V17).Results For group A,the missed diagnosis was made in 12 cases(1.23%)and it was 53 cases(6.58%)for group B.There was a statistically significant difference between two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Combined with axial planes or oblique coronal reformations,six-sclice coronal reformation can reduce the the rate of missed diagnosis of acute midepigastric pain.