ABSTRACT
Gut microbiota is a bridge between the metabolism and health state of the host,which plays a very important role in maintaining homeostasis. Natural polysaccharides,widely existed in nature,are a kind of biological macromolecules with prebiotics effects,which can improve a degree of physiological status by selectively changing the gut microbiota structure and function,enhancing the content of short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)and decreasing the level of inflammatory cytokines. In addition,the majority of polysaccharides can be degraded by gut microbiota to enhance their bioavailability and to promote the health state of the host. In this paper we discuss the interaction among polysaccharides and gut microbiotanatural,degradation mechanism and review gut microbiota as a target in the treatment of metabolic diseases,so as to provide future prospects of natural polysaccharides as " prebiotics " functional factors in the field of biological medicine and health products.
ABSTRACT
It was found that intestinal flora could directly regulate mitochondria of intestinal epithelial cells or indirectly through the nucleus. This effect is associated with the flora metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO). These metabolites are involved in mitochondria-related energy metabolic processes and the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), and even in the immune response of the whole organism. Numerous studies have also shown that intestinal flora metabolites and mitochondria have become a hot spot for research on the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine, but the research on the mechanism of association between them is not yet in-depth. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of mitochondrial regulation of intestinal epithelial cells by intestinal flora metabolites and herbal interventions to provide a theoretical basis for targeting intestinal microbes and mitochondria to regulate body metabolism and health.
ABSTRACT
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is the highligh of lipid-lowering therapy due to its effect on LDL-C in the cardiovascular field. PCSK9 inhibitor has become the hot spot in biological preparations in these years, but the properties of adverse reaction, high price and injection-methods of biologicals limit its development. Currently, it was reported that many traditional Chinese medicine and natural products had the functions of regulating PCSK9. This paper summarized the regulation and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine monomers, active ingredients, compounds and natural products on PCSK9 so as to provide references for the development of small-molecule inhibitors of PCSK9.
ABSTRACT
CD226 is a typeⅠtransmembrane glycoprotein expressed on various immune cell membranes,such as NK cells,T cells,monocytes and other cells.After binding to ligand CD112 or CD155, CD226 mediates the differentiation, proliferation and functional regulation of various immune cells to participate many physiological and pathological activities.This paper mainly focuses on two aspects,the first is CD226 on CD4+T cell immune regulation, the seconds is the CD226 involved in the progress of many dis-ease.Detailed explanation of CD226 involved in naive CD4+T cell proliferation and differentiation, Th1/Th2/Th17 cells polarization and regulatory function of Treg cells.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of job burnout of medical staffs on their mental health and the regulating effect of social support and mediating effect of coping style. METHODS: A total of 758 medical staffs in a city of Shandong Province were selected as study subjects by stratified random sampling method and investigated using the Maslach Burnout Questionnaire,General Health Questionnaire,Social Support Rating Scale and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire. RESULTS: Job burnout was negatively associated with social support and positive coping( P < 0. 01),and positively associated with mental health and negative coping( P < 0. 01). Both social support and positive coping style showed a negative correlation with mental health( P < 0. 01). A positive correlation was found between negative coping styles and mental health( P <0. 01). Job burnout showed a direct positive prediction function to mental health [standardized regression coefficients( β) = 0. 28,P < 0. 01]. The subjective support dimensions of social support played a role of negative prediction in regulating job burnout and mental health( β =-0. 10,P < 0. 01). Coping styles played a mediating role in job burnout and mental health. Job burnout affected mental health problems by reducing the positive coping and increasing the partial intermediary role of negative coping,the mediation effect was 10. 9%. CONCLUSION: The medical staffs in Shandong Province have low incidence of job burnout. Job burnout shows negative effect on mental health. Subjective support feelings from social support and positive coping style are important protective factors.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of MTP gene polymorphism on the lipid-regulating effect of simvastatin in the treatment of T2DM complicating with lipid metabolism disorder. METHODS:120 T2DM inpatients with hypercholesterolemia were selected from our hospital during Jun. to Dec. 2015 and given Metformin hydrochloride sustained-release tablets,Enalapril ma-leate tablets and Simvastatin tablets. PCR-RFLP was used to detect MTP G493T genotype. The levels of TG,TC,LDL-C and HDL-C were detected by AU 400 automatic biochemistry analyzer before treatment and the 4th week after treatment. The effects of different genotype on the change of blood lipid level was analyzed. RESULTS:Among 120 patients,the patients with MTP G493T GG,GT,TT genotypes accounted for 61.67%,26.67% and 11.67%,respectively,meeting Hardy-Weinberg balance(P>0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C among different genotypes(P>0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment,the decrease of TC and LDL-C in TT genotype patients were lower than that in GG and GT genotype,with statistical significance(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the decrease of TC and LDL-C between GT and GG geno-type,the decrease of TG and HDL-C(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of ADR among different geno-types(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:After simvastatin treatment,the improvement of TC and LDL-C in patients with TT genotype is poor. MTP G493T gene polymorphism may be associated with the lipid-regulating effect of simvastatin in the treatment of T2DM patients with lipid metabolism disorder.
ABSTRACT
Niacin, a broad-spectrum lipid-regulating agent, can significantly lower plasma triglyceride and raise the high density lipoprotein-cholesterol.Extended-release niacin added to statins monotherapy could further modify the lipid profile and reduce residual cardiovascular risk.This combination therapy provides a safe, effective and economical treatment for clinicians and may be superior to other drugs combined with statins.
ABSTRACT
Recent reports have indicated that Statins could remarkably improve the prognosis of patients suffered from coronary artery disease.And this effect is not only due to Statin's lipid-regulating function,but also correlated to its non-lipid-regulating action.Atorvastatin is the latest kind of statins.In this article,we specified the non-lipid-regulating effect of Atorvastatin in the prevention and therapy to coronary artery disease.Furthermore,we summarized its corresponding clinical evaluation or security.