Effect of exercise on early rehabilitation of patients with neurological disorders / Efeito do exercício na reabilitação precoce de pacientes com desordens neurológicas / Efecto del ejercicio en la rehabilitación temprana de pacientes con trastornos neurológicos

ABSTRACT Introduction: Acute cerebral infarction refers to the deficiency of the blood supply to the brain and the damage of tissue function. Objective: To study the effect of exercise training in early rehabilitation of patients with hemiplegia treated in the neurology department. Methods: Ninety-six patients with acute cerebral infarction hemiplegia were studied. According to the order of admission, 96 patients were divided into a control group and an early recovery group, with 48 patients in each group. Results: Before early rehabilitation, there was no statistical significance in NIHSS and FUGL-Meyer scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). After early rehabilitation,the NIHSS score of early rehabilitation group was lower than both its pre-early-rehab score and the control group score, while the FUGL-Meyer score was higher than both its pre-early-rehab and the control group score (P<0.05). Before early rehabilitation, there was no significant difference in the GQOLI-74 score between the two groups (P > 0.05). After early rehabilitation, the GQOLI-74 score was higher in the early rehabilitation group than both its pre-early-rehab score and the control group score (P<0.05). Conclusions: The clinical effect of early rehabilitation training in acute cerebral infarction patients with hemiplegia is significant and can further improve the clinical treatment of patients and their quality of life. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMO Introdução: O infarto cerebral agudo refere-se à deficiência do fornecimento de sangue para o cérebro e ao dano da função tecidual. Objetivo: Estudar o efeito do treinamento físico na reabilitação precoce de pacientes com hemiplegia tratados no departamento de neurologia. Métodos: Foram estudados 96 pacientes com hemiplegia por infarto cerebral agudo. De acordo com a ordem de admissão, 96 pacientes foram divididos em grupo controle e grupo recuperação precoce, com 48 pacientes em cada grupo. Resultados: Antes da reabilitação precoce, não havia significância estatística nos escores NIHSS e FUGL-Meyer entre os dois grupos (P > 0,05). Depois da reabilitação precoce, o escore NIHSS do grupo reabilitação precoce foi menor do que o escore antes da reabilitação precoce e o escore do grupo controle, enquanto o escore FUGL-Meyer foi maior do que antes da reabilitação precoce e do grupo controle (P < 0,05). Antes da reabilitação precoce, não houve diferença significativa no escore GQOLI-74 entre os dois grupos (P > 0,05). Depois da reabilitação precoce, o escore GQOLI-74 foi maior no grupo reabilitação precoce do que antes da reabilitação precoce e no grupo controle (P < 0,05). Conclusões: O efeito clínico do treinamento de reabilitação precoce em pacientes com infarto cerebral agudo com hemiplegia é significativo e pode melhorar ainda mais o tratamento clínico dos pacientes e sua qualidade de vida. Nível de Evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - Investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El infarto cerebral agudo se refiere a la deficiencia del suministro de sangre al cerebro y al daño de la función del tejido. Objetivo: Estudiar el efecto del entrenamiento físico en la rehabilitación temprana de pacientes con hemiplejia tratados en el departamento de neurología. Métodos: Se estudiaron noventa y seis pacientes con hemiplejia por infarto cerebral agudo. Según el orden de ingreso, se dividieron 96 pacientes en grupo de control y grupo de recuperación temprana, con 48 pacientes en cada grupo. Resultados: Antes de la rehabilitación temprana, no hubo significancia estadística en las puntuaciones de NIHSS y FUGL-Meyer entre los dos grupos (P > 0,05). Después de la rehabilitación temprana, la puntuación NIHSS del grupo de rehabilitación temprana fue menor que la puntuación antes de la rehabilitación temprana y la puntuación del grupo de control, mientras que la puntuación FUGL-Meyer fue mayor que antes de la rehabilitación temprana y el grupo de control (P < 0,05). Antes de la rehabilitación temprana, no hubo diferencias significativas en la puntuación GQOLI-74 entre los dos grupos (P > 0,05). Después de la rehabilitación temprana, la puntuación GQOLI-74 fue mayor en el grupo de rehabilitación temprana que antes de la rehabilitación temprana y en el grupo de control (P < 0,05). Conclusiones: El efecto clínico del entrenamiento de rehabilitación temprana en pacientes con infarto cerebral agudo con hemiplejia es significativo y puede mejorar aún más el tratamiento clínico y la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Nivel de Evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Research progress on the design of fixed implant-supported prostheses in edentulous jaws / 口腔疾病防治

@#With the aging of the population and the increase in the number of edentulous patients, implant-supported fixed restorations have become more prevalent in clinical treatment. It is necessary to assess the patient's remaining bone and occlusal situation correctly; the upper jaw usually needs 6 to 8 implants, whereas the lower jaw needs 4 to 6 implants. Patients with severe alveolar bone atrophy can adopt the "all-on-4/6" treatment plan, short implants, and zygomatic and pterygomaxillary implants to avoid complex bone grafting and remain cautious when the surgical procedures require more surgical experience. According to the repair methods, the superstructure can be divided into one-piece repair and segmental repair. One-piece repair has a lower implant number, flexible location, and reasonable stress distribution but a high maintenance cost. Sectional repair easily achieves passive placement, convenient cleaning, and maintenance in the late stages, but implants need quantity and high requirements for alveolar bone. However, the requirements for alveolar bone and implant number are high. Mutually protected occlusion with minimal or no cantilever on provisional prosthesis is recommended.

Autophagy, osteoarthritis and rehabilitations / 中国实用内科杂志

Osteoarthritis was once regarded as "no medicine to cure". In fact, on the basis of latest understanding and fully exploring the innate self-healing instinct endowed by human autophagy, scientific exercise, balanced nutritional metabolism and physical therapy, together with other rehabilitation medical means and technologies, can play an unprecedented role in the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis.

Effects of Active Mandibular Exercise for Mouth Opening Limitation Patients after Maxillomandibular Fixation Release: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of active mandibular exercise (AME) in patients with limited mouth opening after maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) release. METHODS: The study used a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group and a pre test-post test design. Sixty-two patients with Maxillomandibular Fixation Release were assigned to the experimental (n=31) or control group (n=31). The AME was performed in the experimental group for 4 weeks. The exercise AME consisted of maximal mouth opening, lateral excursion and protrusive movement. These movements were repeated ten times a day. After the final exercise of the day, the number of tongue blades used for mouth opening was noted. The effect of AME was evaluated after MMF release at different time intervals: a) immediately, b) after 1 week, c) after 2 weeks, d) after 4 weeks, and e) after 12 weeks. The exercise was assessed using the following criteria: a) mandibular movements, b) pain scores associated with maximal mouth opening, c) discomfort scores associated with range of movement, and d) daily life activities that involve opening the mouth. RESULTS: The experimental group showed significant improvement regarding the range of mandibular movements (maximal mouth opening (F=23.60, p < .001), lateral excursion to the right side (F=5.25, p=.002), lateral excursion to the left side (F=5.97, p=.001), protrusive movement (F=5.51, p=.001)), pain score (F=39.59, p < .001), discomfort score (F=9.38, p < .001). Daily life activities that involve opening the mouth were more favorable compared to those in the control group. CONCLUSION: The AME in patients after MMF release is helpful for increasing mandibular movement range, decreasing pain and discomfort, and improving day life activities that involve opening the mouth. Therefore, AME is highly recommended as an effective nursing intervention.

Rehabilitación estética del sector anterior con cerámica libre de metal. Reporte de caso / Esthetic rehabilitation of the anterior sector with metal-free ceramic. Case Report

Los requerimientos esteticos en la odontología actual son bastante altos por parte de nuestros pacientes y los profesionales deben estar capacitados para ofrecer las mejores alternativas técnicas y procedimentales. Además el profesional debe de estar preparado en las diferentes  áreas de la odontología para así identificar los procedimientos más adecuados a realizar. El objetivo de éste trabajo enfocó el manejo multidisciplinario en la rehabilitación del sector anterosuperior con la participación de las especialidades de endodoncia, periodoncia y rehabilitación oral. Los resultados obtenidos fueron satisfactorios para el paciente ya que se logró rehabilitar adecuadamente las piezas dentales involucradas desde un punto de vista estético y funcional. Concluimos que en la odontología actual en donde la estética prima en nuestros tratamientos el profesional debe de estar capacitado para poder saber elegír los materiales más adecuados para sus tratamientos sin descuidar los aspectos funcionales.

The current dental aesthetic requirements are quite high by our patients and professionals must be able to offer the best technical and procedural alternatives. Also the professional must be prepared in different areas of dentistry to thus identify the most appropriate procedures to carry out. The aim of this work focused on the multidisciplinary handling in the rehabilitation of the anterosuperior sector with the participation of the specialties of Endodontics, Periodontics and oral rehabilitation. The results obtained were satisfactory for the patient since it managed to properly rehabilitate the teeth involved from an aesthetic and functional point of view. We conclude that current dentistry where aesthetic prevails in our treatments professional must be able to to know how to choose the most appropriate materials for their treatments without neglecting functional aspects.

Evaluación de l rotiferofauna presente en el cmplejo de pajarales durante la época lluviosa, departamento de magdalena, Colombia / Assessment Of The Pajarales Complex Rotiferofauna During The Rainy Season, Departamento De Magdalena, Colombia

RESUMEN Con miras a evaluar posibles efectos de la recomunicación del río Magdalena con su antiguo delta, se determinó la abundancia y composición de la rotiferofauna del Complejo de Pajarales (CP), durante el período de mayor abundancia anual de zooplancton. El phylum Rotifera fue seleccionado por sus altas tasas reproductivas y eficiencia en procesos de transformación energética. Las muestras se colectaron con botella van Dorn durante la segunda temporada lluviosa de 2006. En cada una de las cuatro estaciones analizadas se registraron la salinidad, temperatura, pH y oxígeno disuelto. La diversidad se calculó empleando el índice de Shannon-Wiener H’ (log10) comparando estaciones y fechas de muestreo para establecer variaciones en el período de estudio. Gráficamente se relacionaron variables fisicoquímicas con valores de diversidad que emplearon un α de 0.05 y 95% de intervalo de confianza. En total, fueron encontrados 20 morfotipos pertenecientes a las familias Brachionidae, Lecanidae, Filiniidae, Synchaetidae, Hexarthriidae y Testudinellidae, siendo Brachionidae y Lecanidae las más abundantes. La relación entre diversidad y variables fisicoquímicas, indica que la salinidad es la principal responsable de la diversidad de rotíferos. En conclusión, la rotiferofauna actual en el CP es más abundante y diversa que hace 16 años, antes de la recomunicación con el río Magdalena. Así mismo, la concentración de oxigeno disuelto, pH y salinidad son diferentes. Teniendo en cuenta que la salinidad es el factor que más influyó en la diversidad de rotíferos, la reapertura de canales probablemente favoreció el incremento en la diversidad de rotíferos en el CP.

ABSTRACT In order to assess the potential effects of the Magdalena River recommunication with its former delta, we studied the abundance and composition of the rotiferofauna of the Pajarales Complex (PC) during its highest annual zooplankton abundance. We selected the Rotifera phylum, due to its high reproductive rates and the efficiency in energetic transformation process. We sampled the rotifers with a van Dorn bottle, during the second rainy season in 2006. During each sampling we registered salinity, temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen. We calculated the rotifer diversity using the Shannon-Wiener H’ (log10) index comparing among sampling sites and sampling dates to establish variations along the study period. The physico-chemical variables were graphically related with the diversity values calculated using 0,05 for α and 95% for the confidence interval. We found a total of 20 morphotypes belonged to Brachionidae, Lecanidae, Filiniidae, Synchaetidae, Hexarthriidae and Testudinellidae families, been Brachionidae and Lecanidae the most abundant. The relationships between diversity and physico-chemical variables, show salinity as the main responsible of the rotifer diversity. In conclusion, the current rotiferofauna in the PC is most abundant and diverse than 16 years ago, before the recommunication with the Magdalena River. Likewise, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH and salinity of the CP waters were different. Taking into account that salinity was the most influent factor in the rotiferofauna diversity, the river recomommunication probably favored the increment of rotiferofauna diversity in the PC.