Bacterial Isolation and Antibiogram of Uterine Lavage from Repeat Breeder Cows Suffering from Subclinical Endometritis

A total 500 cows were randomly selected from college livestock farm, Kuthuliya and different villages in and around Rewa (M.P.). After recording history all the animals were subjected to gynaeco-clinical examination, Whiteside test and endometrial cytology by cytobrush technique. On the basis of above tests performed all the animals were selected for the study. They were divided into three groups as follows: Normal (n=280), Clinical endometritis (n=80) and Subclinical endometritis (n=140). All the animals were subjected to aseptic collection of uterine fluid by low volume lavage technique. Uterine fluid samples obtained were used for microbial assay and antibiotic sensitivity tests. Among the bacterial isolates Staphylococcus species (36.31%) was highly prevalent. The antibiotic sensitivity of isolates was found to be maximum for ceftriaxone and sulbactum combination 91.67 per cent followed by levofloxacin 89.07, ciprofloxacin 79.69, ceftriaxone 73.43, enrofloxacin 61.45 and gentamicin 56.78 per cent, respectively. It was concluded that Staphylococcus species was highly prevalent bacteria isolated and a combination of ceftriaxone and sulbactum was found to be highly sensitive

Characteristic of bacterial flora from the uterus in HanWoo cattle / 대한수의학회지

Uterine sterilization is important for improving fertility in cattle. This study compared bacterial flora in the uterus between healthy and repeat breeder cows (RBCs). The uterine flushing of six heifers, 13 healthy HanWoo cows and eight RBCs (HanWoo) were sampled, and 15 frozen semen samples were selected. Overall, 35 bacteria were identified from in HanWoo uterine flushing and semen. The bacterial genera identified from HanWoo uterine flushing were Alloiococcus, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Erysipelothrix, Gardnerella, Granulicatella, Kocuria, Pantoea, Pasteurella, Rothia, Serratia, Sphingomonas, Staphylococcus, Stenotrophomonas and Streptococcus. The bacterial genera identified from HanWoo semen were Bacillus, Escherichia, Kocuria, Oligella, Pseudomonas, Serratia, Sphingomonas, Staphylococcus, Stenotrophomonas and Streptococcus. The prevalence and presence of the identified bacteria between healthy cows and RBCs differed significantly. Further studies are needed to determine the role of these bacteria in the uterus of HanWoo cattle with reproductive disorder.

Relationship between clinical and postmortem evaluation in repeat breeder beef cows / Relação entre características clínicas e post-mortem em vacas de corte repetidoras de serviço

The objective of this study was to investigate the causes of the repeat breeder syndrome comparing clinical signs and postmortem findings in beef cows. The identification of factors affecting the reproductive tract can support decisions as to whether treatment of repeat breeder cows is justifiable than culling. Since all animals were submitted to clinical examination before being slaughtered, this study has a differential approach when compared with others, where genital tracts from abattoir were examined. In this study, 130 crossbred cows and heifers that have failed to conceive after three or more services were identified, submitted to a clinical examination and blood collection for karyotyping and sent to an abattoir. postmortem examinations included macroscopic evaluation of the genital tracts, bacteriology and histopathology of the uterus. Uterine alterations were predominant followed by oviduct and ovarian pathologies. Histopathological examination was more sensitive as a diagnostic tool than clinical examination. Repeat breeder cows had a predominance of uterine abnormalities (95 percent), such as inflammatory (42.9 percent) and degenerative (59.7 percent) conditions. Oviduct abnormalities were found in 29.8 percent of animals. Furthermore, 1 out 10 karyotyped cows showed aneuploidy. Thus, this study stressed the importance of laboratory exams in the diagnosis of the causes of infertility of repeat breeder cows.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as causas de infertilidade em vacas de corte repetidoras de serviço, relacionando sinais clínicos com características laboratoriais post-mortem. A identificação dos fatores que afetam o desempenho reprodutivo pode fornecer uma fundamentação científica para auxiliar na decisão quanto ao destino de vacas repetidoras de serviço; tratamento ou descarte. Este estudo tem abordagem diferencial dos trabalhos que contemplam somente a ocorrência de alterações post-mortem do trato genital. A correlação das alterações post-mortem com o histórico clínico dos animais pode auxiliar na determinação da causa de repetição de serviço de animais sem alteração clínica. Foram utilizadas 130 vacas e novilhas cruzas que não conceberam depois de, no mínimo, três serviços. Todos os animais foram identificados e submetidos à exame clínico e coleta de sangue para cariotipagem. Foram incluídos no estudo apenas animais com histórico de falha reprodutiva. Os animais foram encaminhados para um abatedouro e foram realizados exames post-mortem como inspeção macroscópica do trato genital, cultura bacteriológica e estudo histopatológico do útero. Alterações uterinas foram predominantes seguidas de alterações de oviduto e ovário. Foi observada uma maior freqüência de alterações histopatológicas de útero que alterações clínicas. Os animais utilizados no estudo apresentaram alta freqüência de patologia uterina (95 por cento), tanto inflamatórias (42,9 por cento) quanto degenerativas (59,7 por cento). Patologias diagnosticadas somente por exames post-mortem e laboratoriais como oclusão tubária (29,8 por cento) e trissomia do par sexual também foram observadas (1/10 vacas). Portanto, este estudo evidencia a importância do exame laboratorial no diagnóstico das causas de infertilidade de vacas com histórico de repetição de serviço.

Estudo clínico e histopatológico da genitália de fêmeas bovinas de corte descartadas após a 3ª Inseminação Artificial / Clinical and histopathologic study of genital system of beef cows slaughtered after third artificial insemination

Os exames clínicos, macroscópico e histopatológico post-mortem e de biópsia uterina revelaram em vinte e uma fêmea bovinas de corte descartadas após a terceira Inseminação Artificial que a principal causa de infertilidade fol a infecção uterina. Outras condições associadas ao complexo metrite/endometrite, tais como cisto folicular, hipoplasia ovariana, corpo lúteo cístico e cérvix sinuosa também foram observados. Houve correspondência entre todos os métodos de diagnóstico empregados. O exame clínico dos animais permitiu diagnosticar 76,19% das causas de infertilidade e 71,42% dos casos de infecção uterina, enquanto o exame macroscópico post-mortem demonstrou 95,23% dessas causas. Por outro lado, a biópsia uterina demonstrou a mesma acurácia para o diagnóstico de infecção uterina demonstrada no exame histopatológico post-mortem.

Twenty-one non-pregnant beef cows after third insemination were submitted to clinicai examination of the reproductive tract, including collection of samples for uterina biopsy. Twenty-four hours later they were slaughtered and macroscopic and microscopic examinations of the genital tract were performed. Uterina infections proved to be the major cause of infertility, also associated to others disturbances, such as cystic ovarian disease, ovarian hypoplasia, cystic corpus luteum and sinuosity of the cervix presented in minar cases. Diagnose obtained through rectal palpation of the genital tract, uterina biopsy and post-mortem histopathologyc showed good conformity. Through rectal palpation accurately diagnosed 71,42% of the cows with uterina ifection and 76,19% of ali abnormalities. The post-mortem macroscopic examination of the genital tract found out 95,23% of the pathologic changes presented. Every samples obtained by uterina biopsy showed to uterina infections, which were later confirmed by the post-mortem histopathologic examination. In conclusion, the main cause of infertility in this group of cows was uterina infections.