Repercusión familiar de la conducta violenta / Family Repercussion of Violent Behavior

Introducción: El estudio de la repercusión de la violencia en el hogar constituye un problema complejo, porque la familia como sistema social posee interrelaciones peculiares entre sus miembros, determinadas por vínculos afectivos, normas, roles y su dinámica en diferentes ámbitos y momentos de la vida. Objetivo: Evaluar la repercusión familiar de la conducta violenta en hogares. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, durante el bienio 2016- 2017, en 43 familias del municipio Playa en las que aconteció comportamiento violento. Se aplicó el instrumento Repercusión Familiar a todos los integrantes de la familia mayores de 19 años, y la alternativa de respuesta a cada rubro se seleccionó por acuerdo entre los miembros. Resultados: En el 86 por ciento de la muestra predominó el maltrato mixto. En dicha modalidad prevaleció la repercusión familiar severa (78,4 por ciento), con afectación mayoritariamente elevada en las áreas de funcionamiento familiar y estado de salud individual. El maltrato por negligencia se detectó solo en el 14 por ciento, prevaleció la repercusión familiar moderada (66,7 por ciento), con afectación totalitariamente elevada del área de funcionamiento familiar. El sentido de la repercusión del comportamiento violento resultó desfavorable para la salud en el 90,7 por ciento de los núcleos familiares. Conclusiones: Se detectó un determinado grado de repercusión entre los miembros de todas las familias donde se produjo violencia. El sentido de la repercusión del comportamiento violento fue mayoritariamente desfavorable para la salud familiar, con predominio negativo de todas sus áreas(AU)

Introduction: The study of the impact of domestic violence constitutes a complex problem, because the family, as a social system, has specific interrelationships among its members, determined by affective ties, norms, roles and its dynamics in different areas and moments of life. Objective: To assess the family impact of violent behavior in homes. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out during the 2016-2017 biennium, with 43 families from Playa Municipality and with cases of violent behavior. The Family Impact Questionnaire was applied to all family members over the age of 19, and the alternative response to each field was chosen by agreement among the members. Results: Mixed abuse prevailed in 86 percent of the sample. In this modality, severe family repercussion prevailed (78.4 percent), with a mainly high impact in the areas of family functioning and individual health status. Maltreatment due to negligence was detected only in 14 percent. Moderate family repercussions prevailed (66.7 percent), with a totally elevated affectation of the area concerning family functioning. The sense of violent behavior repercussion was unfavorable for health in 90.7 percent of the families. Conclusions: A certain degree of repercussion was detected among the members of all the families in which violence occurred. The sense of impact of violent behavior was mostly unfavorable for family health, with a negative predominance in all its areas(AU)

Frecuencia del síndrome de Sjögren en pacientes con lupus eritematoso del Hospital Central del Instituto de Previsión Social en el año 2017 que acuden a tratamiento odontológico / Frequency of sjögren's syndrome in patients with lupus erythematosus at the Central Hospital of the Social Welfare Institute in 2017 who seek dental treatment

La xerostomía, síndrome de boca seca o síndrome de Sjögren se define como la disminución del flujo salival en condiciones de reposo. El origen de esta endad clínica es mulcausal, pudiendo ser el resultado de una alteración localizada sobre las glándulas productoras de la saliva, o bien el resultado de un desequilibrio o alteración de índole sistémica. La evaluación del grado de disfunción de las glándulas salivares ha constuido un objevo básico por ello el propósito de este estudio fue determinar frecuencia del síndrome de Sjögren en pacientes con lupus eritematoso del hospital central del Instuto de Previsión Social en el año 2017 que acuden a tratamiento odontológico. Se realizó un descripción observacional retrospecvo para lo cual se recurrió a la historial clínico previo permiso del jefe de reumatología para acceder a los datos . Como conclusión general se obtuvo que existe una predominancia de pacientes de entre 46 a 50 años de edad representada por el 39% y de sexo femenino en el 83% de los casos. Se demuestra la frecuencia mencionando que acudieron 74 pacientes y de los cuales 18 (24%) personas presentan lupus eritematoso y síndrome de Sjögren, y entre estos el 78% acude a tratamiento odontológico.

Xerostomia, dry mouth syndrome or Sjögren's syndrome is defined as decreased salivary flow under resng condions. The origin of this clinical enty is mulcausal, and may be the result of an alteraon located on the glands producing saliva, or the result of an imbalance or alteraon of a systemic nature. The evaluaon of the degree of dysfuncon of the salivary glands has been a basic objecve and therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of Sjögren syndrome in paents with lupus erythematosus from the central hospital of the Social Welfare Instute in 2017 who seek dental treatment. A retrospecve observaonal descripon was made, for which the clinical history was used with the prior permission of the head of rheumatology to access the data. The general conclusion was that there is a predominance of paents between 46 and 50 years of age represented by 39% and female in 83% of cases. The frequency is demonstrated by menoning that 74 paents aended and of which 18 (24%) people present with lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's syndrome, of which 78% aend dental treatment

Repercusión familiar de los diagnósticos de retraso mental leve y trastorno de conducta / Family Repercussion of the Diagnoses of Mild Mental Retardation and Conduct Behavior

Introducción: Los diagnósticos de retraso mental leve y trastorno de conducta son eventos paranormativos con grandes posibilidades de repercusión familiar. La investigación que se realizó es novedosa pues no existen antecedentes de estudios en los que se comparen los resultados de ambas entidades diagnósticas. Se asumió como principal sustento teórico la propuesta que realizara Patricia Herrera Santí en su tesis doctoral de 2010, enriquecida junto a Idarmis González (2013). Objetivo: Determinar la repercusión familiar de los diagnósticos de retraso mental leve y trastorno de la conducta en el período comprendido entre octubre y noviembre de 2015. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo con un diseño de investigación no experimental y una metodología mixta o cuanti-cualitativa. La muestra estuvo conformada por 20 familias, dividida a su vez en dos submuestras de 10 familias cada una, la primera contaba entre sus miembros con un menor diagnosticado de retraso mental leve, y la segunda la integraban otras 10 familias con un miembro diagnosticado con trastorno de la conducta. Se aplicó el Instrumento de Repercusión Familiar y una entrevista semi-estructurada. Resultados: El nivel de repercusión general fue moderado en su mayoría en ambas categorías diagnósticas, predominando un sentido de la repercusión desfavorable y un impacto predisponente a la afectación de la salud familiar. Conclusiones: Los diagnósticos de retraso mental leve y trastorno de conducta repercutieron en las familias evaluadas, exigiendo en estas algunos cambios en su dinámica interna y modo de vida(AU)

Introduction: The diagnoses of mild mental retardation and conduct disorder are paranormative events with great possibilities of family repercussion. The research conducted is novel because there are no previous studies comparing the results of both diagnostic entities. The proposal that Patricia Herrera Santí presents in her 2010 doctoral dissertation was assumed as the main theoretical support, enriched together with Idarmis González (2013). Objective: To determine the family repercussion of the diagnoses of mild mental retardation and conduct disorder in the period between October and November 2015. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out with a non-experimental research design and a mixed or quantitative-qualitative methodology. The sample consisted of 20 families, divided in turn into two subsamples of 10 families each, the first had among its members a minor diagnosed with mild mental retardation, while the second was composed of 10 other families with a member diagnosed with conduct disorder. The Family Repercussion Instrument and a semi-structured interview were applied. Results: The level of general repercussion was mostly moderate in both diagnostic categories, with a predominance of unfavorable repercussions and a predisposing repercussion on family health. Conclusions: The diagnoses of mild mental retardation and conduct disorder affected the families evaluated, demanding from these some changes in their internal dynamics and way of life(AU)

Maltrato infantil. Presentación de un caso / Child abuse. Presentation of a case

RESUMEN El maltrato infantil constituye un problema de profundas repercusiones psicológicas, sociales, éticas, jurídicas y médicas. La definición de maltrato implica una valoración social en relación a lo que es peligroso o inadecuado para el niño. En eso reside la gran dificultad para definirlo. En este artículo se expone un caso poco común de maltrato infantil, que culminó con la muerte de la víctima de 22 meses de edad, que según los datos aportados por la instrucción policial, en horas de la noche, del día 4 de octubre del 2015, al llegar al cuerpo de guardia, la doctora de asistencia constata que la misma se encontraba fallecida y al examen físico presentó múltiples lesiones recientes y antiguas en el cuerpo. Se recoge el antecedente de maltrato familiar en varias ocasiones, siendo el último ocasionado alrededor de 2 días (AU).

ABSTRACT Child abuse is a problem of deep psychological, social, ethical, juridical and medical repercussions. The definition of abuse implies a social judgment in relation of what is dangerous or inadequate for a child. This is the cause of the enormous difficulty of defining it. An uncommon case of child abuse is described in this article. It ended up with the death of the 22-years-months child who, according with the data given by the police instruction, was death when arrived to the Emergency Unit on October 4th 2015 at night. At the arrival, the caregiver doctor stated that the child was death, and at the physical examination she presented multiple recent and old lesions in the body. It was recorded the antecedent of family abuse in several occasions, being the last one around two days ago (AU).

Application of Quality Control Circle in the Management of Drug Repercussion in Outpatient Pharmacy of Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To reduce drug repercussion of outpatient pharmacy,and to promote safe drug use.METHODS:By quality control circle (QCC),the data of drug repercussion were selected from outpatient pharmacy of our hospital in Sept.2016.The drug repercussion reason check list was designed to master the situation of drug repercussion in outpatient department,formulate improvement measures and confirm effect through field inspection.The case number of drug repercussion and the improvement of circle members' ability were compared one month before and after QCC (Mar.2017).Finally,the effects of QCC were evaluated.RESULTS:Referring to the reasons for the repercussion of adjunct drugs for inspection and the repercussion of unsuitable drug use in our hospital,those problems were improved by formulating manual for drug use examination project,optimizing and examining drug delivery process in the department,etc.The case number of drug repercussion in outpatient pharmacy decreased from 31 cases per month to 12 cases per month;the rate of goal achievement was 119％;the rate of improvement was 61％.The ability of QCC members to solve problems and the ability to use QCC skills were increased positively.CONCLUSIONS:The development of QCC activity in our hospital reduces case number of drug repercussion and optimizes drug delivery process in outpatient pharmacy,and promotes safe drug use.

Analysis of Drug Repercussion in Outpatient Pharmacy in West Branch of One Hospital during 2013-2015 / 中国药师

Objective:To summarize the drug repercussion data in outpatient pharmacy and analyze the reasons to provide sugges-tions for the improvement. Methods: The information was collected from the hospital information system ( HIS) during January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2015, including drug name, category, quantity, amount, reasons for drug repercussion and the other statisti-cal data. Results:During the three years, the number of prescription drugs, amount of money and varieties of drug repercussion were increased. The most common reasons for drug repercussion were the other reasons, withdrawn by doctors and the request of patients. The sum of drug repercussion was positively correlated with the drug price and the amount of drug repercussion. Conclusion:The op-tion simplicity for drug repercussion in HIS is the main reason for drug repercussion bythe other reasons. The occurrence of drug re-percussion should be intervened by such methods as gradually improving the HIS, establishing intervention measures, enhancing the professional quality of pharmacists and so on.

Tamponamiento cardiaco y lupus eritematoso sistémico: Reporte de un caso / Systemic lupus erythematosus and cardiac tamponada: Case report

El lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) es una enfermedad inflamatoria que tiene repercusión en múltiples sistemas, se ha observado en múltiples estudios que la afectación cardiaca se presenta en 15% de los pacientes, en algún momento de su historia natural de la enfermedad se observa pericarditis hasta en 23% además de miocarditis y endocarditis; sin duda secundario a esto suele observarse derrame pericárdico, y a pesar de mostrar porcentajes no despreciables de afección cardiaca, es muy infrecuente que se ocasione taponamiento cardiaco. El taponamiento cardiaco es un proceso en el que aumenta la presión del espacio pericárdico, debido en mayor frecuencia a acumulación de líquido, que puede ser un exudado hemático, seroso o purulento, y con menor frecuencia gas, dadas las complicaciones el diagnóstico oportuno y su tratamiento se deben realizar de manera rápida. Por tal motivo describimos el caso de una paciente en la sexta década de la vida, la cual no presenta antecedentes de importancia que ingresa a urgencias con cuadro caracterizado por disnea progresiva y dolor precordial, en base a clínica, estudios de gabinete y evolución, se llega al diagnóstico de taponamiento cardiaco, el cual posteriormente en base a estudios complementarios se corrobora que es secundario a lupus eritematoso sistémico.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory disease that has an impact on multiple systems, is observed in multiple studies to the cardiac involvement occurs in 15% of patients, at some point in their natural history of disease is observed pericarditis by up to 23% in addition to myocarditis and endocarditis, no doubt this is often seen secondary to pericardial effusion, despite showing despite non-negligible percentage of heart disease is very uncommon to cause cardiac tamponade. Cardiac tamponade is a process in which increased pressure in the pericardial space, most often due to fluid accumulation, which can be an exudate hematic, serous or purulent, and less frequently gas, given the complications and timely diagnosis treatment have to be done quickly. For this reason we describe a case of a female in the sixth decade of life, which no previous medical history was admitted to the emergency room with a condition characterized by progressive dyspnea and chest pain based on clinical, radiologic and evolution she reach the diagnosis of cardiac tamponade, which subsequently based on additional studies corroborate that is secondary to lupus erythematosus.

Embarazo en la adolescencia y su repercusión biopsicosocial sobre el organismo de la madre y de su futuro hijo / Pregnancy in adolescents and its biological, psychological and social impacts on the mother´s body and her future child´s body

La temática del embarazo en la adolescencia resulta de gran importancia en la actualidad debido a la trascendencia de este grupo etáreo para el desarrollo y su impacto en la población mundial, particularmente en América Latina, el Caribe y Cuba. Este en edades cada vez más tempranas se está convirtiendo en un problema social de salud pública de alcance mundial. Mediante el resultado del análisis crítico de la información disponible sobre el tema en la bibliografía consultada, se demuestra cómo las consecuencias de este problema repercuten en la calidad de vida de la madre joven, su familia y la comunidad, siendo pocas las acciones que se realizan, por lo que cada año el número de adolescente embarazadas se acrecientan cada vez más, determinando un riesgo importante para su descendencia. Es necesario comenzar las acciones a partir de la constitución de la célula básica de la sociedad, siendo el primer grupo al cuál pertenece el ser humano. Resulta imprescindible el rol de los profesionales de la enfermería a nivel de los consultorios del médico de familia como un elemento clave para mediante la labor educativa prevenirlo, a través de los círculos de adolescentes y otras acciones que contribuyan a la prevención y a enfrentar los riesgos que esta condición determina, haciéndose preciso desarrollar acciones que contribuyan al desarrollo del profesional de enfermería en esta temática en la Atención Primaria de Salud para prevenir el embarazo en la adolescencia(AU)

Pregnancy in adolescents is a topic of greater importance at present, due to the significance of this age group for the development, and its impact on the world population, particularly Latin America, the Caribbean and Cuba. Pregnancy at ever increasingly younger ages is turning into a social and public health problem worldwide. Based on the critical analysis of the available information on this topic, there was shown how the consequences of pregnancy affect the quality of life of the young mother, of her family and the community as well. The amount of actions carried out is low, so the number of pregnant adolescents increases every year, thus bringing a significant risk to their offspring. It is necessary to take actions within the family, the basic cell of the society to which the human being first belongs. It is indispensable that the nursing professionals play their role at the family doctor´s offices, as a key element to prevent pregnancy through educational work, through the work of the teenager clubs and other types of actions that might contribute to prevent and to manage the risks of this condition. Therefore, it is required to develop actions to assist in the development of the nursing professional at the primary health care, in order to prevent pregnancy at younger ages(AU)

Embarazo en la adolescencia y su repercusión biopsicosocial sobre el organismo de la madre y de su futuro hijo / Pregnancy in adolescence: Its biosychosocial repercussion on the mother organism and of her future child

Hoy en día es muy importante abordar la temática de la adolescencia, debido a la trascendencia de este grupo etáreo para el desarrollo y su impacto en la población mundial, particularmente en América Latina, el Caribe y Cuba. El embarazo en edades cada vez más tempranas se está convirtiendo en un problema social y de salud pública de alcance mundial; constituye en la actualidad un reto de gran envergadura. Mediante el resultado del análisis crítico de la información disponible sobre el tema en la bibliografía consultada, se demuestra cómo las consecuencias de este problema repercuten en la calidad de vida de la joven madre y de su familia, y determina un riesgo importante para su descendencia, además de ser pocas las acciones que se realizan, por lo que cada año, el número de adolescente embarazadas y las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) se acrecientan. Es por ello que se hace necesario comenzar las acciones relacionadas con estos aspectos a partir de la célula básica de la sociedad, que es la familia, pues constituye el primer grupo al cual pertenece el ser humano. Se hace imprescindible el papel de los profesionales de la enfermería al nivel de los consultorios del médico de familia como un elemento clave para prevenir el embarazo mediante la labor educativa, mediante los círculos de adolescentes y otras acciones que contribuyan a la prevención. Asimismo, para enfrentar los riesgos que esta condición determina, por lo que resulta necesario desarrollar acciones que pudieran utilizarse para continuar el desarrollo del profesional de Enfermería en esta temática en el nivel de la atención primaria de salud, con vistas a prevenir el embarazo en la adolescencia.

Nowadays is very important to approach the adolescence subject matter due to significance of this age-group for development and its impact on world population, mainly in Latin America, the Caribbean and Cuba. Pregnancy in ages more and more early becomes a social and public health problem at world scale; it is nowadays a very complex challenge. According to result of critical analysis of information available on this subject in the consulted bibliography it is demonstrated how the consequences of this problem has repercussion on the quality of life of the young mother and her family, and also to determine a significant risk for its offspring in addition to be few the actions performed, thus each year to increase the figure of adolescents pregnant and the sexually transmitted infections (STIs). For that reason, it is necessary to start the actions related to these features from the basic cell of society, that is, the family, being the first group of the human being. It is essential the nursing professionals role at level of the family physician consulting rooms as a key element to prevent pregnancy by means of an educational task, by adolescent circles and other actions contributing to its prevention and at the same time to confront the risks of this condition, being necessary to develop actions that could be used to continue the professional nursing development in this subject matter at the primary health care level to prevent pregnancy in adolescence.

Drug Repercussion in Dispensary before and after Implementing the Drug Repercussion Administrative Policy in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To explore an effective mode and way for the reduction of drug repercussion in dispensary. METHODS: Based on the statistics on drug repercussion data in 2005 and the analysis on the causes of drug repercussion, the Drug Repercussion Administrative Policy of Hospital (which was called Policy for short in the following) was set and enforced. RESULTS: A year-on-year sharp decrease in the numbers of prescriptions (both inpatient and outpatient) involving drug repercussion has been noted after implementing Policy in our hospital(P

Analysis on the Causes of Drug Repercussion and Study on Its Countermeasures in Our Outpatient Pharmacy / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To reduce and standardize drug repercussion and to guarantee rational,safe,economic and effective drug use on patients.METHODS: 449 records of drug repercussion in outpatient pharmacy of our hospital from Mar.to Nov.in 2009 were statistically analyzed to explore corresponding countermeasures.RESULTS: Drug repercussion was mainly cause by physicians (inadequate communication and false computer operation),patients (medication refusal resulting from inadequate knowledge,admission,discharge and death),drug shortage,wrong charge and other aspects (ADR,medical insurance).CONCLUSION: It is fact that there is drug repercussion.It requires the improvement of relevant system and skill of medical staff,strengthening of service awareness,enhancement of medication guide to avoid occurrence of drug repercussion.

Drug Repercussion of Inpatients in Psychiatric Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the causes of drug repercussion of inpatients in psychiatric hospital to promote rational drug use. METHODS: Using HIS (hospital information system), the drug repercussion data in 8 psychiatirc departments (ward pharmacy) between 2004 and 2005 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Of the total 203 drug repercussion cases analzyed, most were resulted from alteration of doctor’s orders, man-made entry errors of drug information, and high drug costs etc. CONCLUSION: The effective way to reduce drug repercussion is to improve technical level and working attitude, establish good rules and regulations and standardize service conditions.

Analysis of the Drug Repercussion in Ward Area of Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the reasons for drug repercussion in ward area and find a solution.METHODS:The reasons for drug repercussion,the kinds of the returned drugs and the proportion of these drugs in the total in terms of amount of money between Oct.to Dec.in 2006 were analyzed and compared with the amount of money of returned drugs between 2005 and 2006 in our hospital.RESULTS:There were 2 674 cases of drug repercussion between Oct.to Dec.in 2006 in our hospital;the returned drugs totaled 192 kinds,and the drug repercussion was mainly due to patients' discharge,alteration of medical orders and input error.The rate of drug repercussion was 4.67%.CONCLUSION:There were drug repercussion cases in all the departments of our hospital,and the amount of the returned drugs were large,which resulted in increased difficulty of drug quality management and serious hidden dangers for medication safety,therefore,standard administration on which is much needed.