Edema de Berlín secundario a Traumatismo ocular cerrado / Berlin Edema secondary to closed eye trauma / Edema de Berlim secundário a trauma ocular fechado

INTRODUCCIÓN: el trauma ocular es una de las causas que difieren entre áreas urbanas de un país a otro y entre diferentes clases demográficas o socioeconómicas. OBJETIVO: Demostrar la evolución y características clínicas del edema de Berlín secundario a trauma ocular cerrado. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio de caso observacional en un paciente masculino de 11 años que presentó una AVMC 20/20 en OD y cuenta dedos 50 cm en OI posterior a trauma ocular cerrado contuso con objeto romo. Desde el inicio desarrolló una conmoción retiniana asociada a edema de Berlín en OI. Con seguimiento desde 11 de diciembre de 2019 al 27 de enero de 2020. Las variables fueron: agudeza visual mejor corregida, retinografía, tomografía de coherencia óptica de dominio espectral macular. RESULTADOS: se indicó metilprednisolona 500 mg endovenoso diario por 3 días; prednisona 30 mg oral disminuyendo gradualmente durante 10 días; acetato de prednisolona 1% tópico cada 2 horas, moxifloxacina 0,5% cada 6 horas, ciclopentolato 1% cada 8 horas. 7 semanas después, no hubo mejoría clínica a pesar de medicación, manteniéndose en observación médica con AVMC OD 20/20 y OI cuenta dedos 2 metros. DISCUSIÓN: edema de Berlín (commotio retinae) una afección común causada por una lesión contusa en el ojo, suele ser autolimitante y no existe un tratamiento como tal. CONCLUSIÓN: el trauma ocular cerrado contuso con compromiso retiniano puede causar daño macular como el edema de Berlín, como éste caso que puede condicionar el pronóstico visual a pesar de que mayormente es favorable.

INTRODUCTION: ocular trauma is one of the causes that differ between urban areas from one country to another and between different demographic or socioeconomic classes. OBJECTIVE: to demonstrate the evolution and clinical characteristics of Berlin edema secondary to closed ocular trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: an observational case study was conducted in an 11-year-old male patient who presented a 20/20 BCVA in RE and 50 cm finger count in LE after blunt ocular trauma with blunt object. From the beginning, she developed a retinal concussion associated with Berlin edema in LE. With follow-up from December 11, 2019 to January 27, 2020. Variables were included: best-corrected visual acuity, retinographies, and macular spectral domain optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: methylprednisolone 500 mg intravenous daily for 3 days was indicated; prednisone 30 mg oral gradually decreasing over 10 days; 1% prednisolone acetate topical every 2 hours, moxifloxacin 0.5% every 6 hours, cyclopentolate 1% every 8 hours. 7 weeks later, there was no clinical improvement despite medication, and he was kept under medical observation with BCVA RE 20/20 and LE with a 2-meter finger count. DISCUSSION: Berlin edema (commotio retinae), a common condition caused by a blunt injury to the eye, is usually self-limiting and there is no treatment as such. CONCLUSION: blunt ocular trauma with retinal involvement can cause macular damage such as Berlin edema, as in this case, which can condition the visual prognosis even though it is mostly favorable.

INTRODUÇÃO: o trauma ocular é uma das causas que difere entre áreas urbanas de um país para outro e entre diferentes classes demográficas ou socioeconômicas. OBJETIVO: demonstrar a evolução e as características clínicas do edema de Berlim secundário a trauma ocular fechado. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: foi realizado um estudo de caso observacional em um paciente do sexo masculino, 11 anos, que apresentou BCVA 20/20 em OD e contagem de dedos de 50 cm em OE após trauma ocular fechado contuso com objeto contuso. Desde o início, ela desenvolveu uma concussão retina associada ao edema de Berlim em LE. Com acompanhamento de 11 de dezembro de 2019 a 27 de janeiro de 2020. As variáveis foram: melhor acuidade visual corrigida, retinografias e tomografia de coerência óptica de domínio espectral macular. RESULTADOS: foi indicada metilprednisolona 500 mg intravenosa ao dia por 3 dias; prednisona 30 mg oral diminuindo gradualmente ao longo de 10 dias; Acetato de prednisolona 1% tópico a cada 2 horas, moxifloxacina 0,5% a cada 6 horas, ciclopentolato 1% a cada 8 horas. 7 semanas depois, não houve melhora clínica apesar da medicação, e ela foi mantida em observação médica com AVMC OD 20/20 e LE com uma contagem de 2 metros nos dedos. DISCUSSÃO: o edema de Berlim (commotio retinae), uma condição comum causada por uma lesão contusa no olho, geralmente é autolimitado e não há tratamento como tal. CONCLUSÃO: o trauma ocular fechado com envolvimento retiniano pode causar danos maculares como o edema de Berlim, como neste caso, que pode condicionar o prognóstico visual, embora seja na maioria favorável.

Serial Follow-up of Commotio Retinae Using Ultra-wide Field Imaging

PURPOSE: To quantify the size of commotio retinae and investigate its spontaneous resolution over time using ultra-wide field (UWF) color fundus photography.METHODS: We analyzed serial UWF color fundus photographs of 33 eyes of 33 ocular trauma patients with commotio retinae. Total visible retinal areas and the areas of commotio retinae were measured at baseline, 3 days, 1 week, and 4 weeks from the initial traumatic event.RESULTS: The median time of observation was 10.8 ± 12.1 (4-44) weeks. Spontaneous resolution of commotio retinae was observed in all patients, and no patients experienced any complications during the follow-up period. The mean percentage of commotio retinae at 3 days significantly decreased compared to the baseline (8.51 ± 9.66% versus 12.23 ± 10.39%; p < 0.001), and more decreased at 1 week (1.04 ± 2.75%; p < 0.001), but no significant differences were observed between 1 week and 4 weeks (0.00 ± 0.00%; p = 0.219). The spontaneous resolution percentages during the first 3 days, between 3 days and 1 week, and during the next 4 weeks were 12.97 ± 13.44%/day, 19.62 ± 9.22%/day, and 0.87 ± 1.87%/day, respectively (p = 0.192 and p < 0.001, respectively). The resolution rate was higher during the first 1 week.CONCLUSIONS: We quantified the size of commotio retinae using UWF color fundus photography. Most patients with commotio retinae resolved spontaneously during the first 1 week following trauma, and all cases completely resolved at 1 month without any complications.

Observation of the retinal arteriovenous circulation time of patients with different stages of diabetic retinopathy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To observe whether differences exist in the retinal arteriovenous circulation time of the patients with diabetic retinopathy and exploring whether there is any correlation between the injured degree of retinal vessel and the microcirculation time.METHODS:The study was conducted from the March 2016 to the March 2017 in order to analyze the clinical data on 60 eyes of 60 patients who were diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy by Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University.According to the result,patients were divided into mild and moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) group,severe NPDR group and proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) group with 20 eyes respectively.Then we recorded the retinal arterial developing time of the three groups,namely arm-to-retinal circulation time (A1),retinal arterial branch filling time (A2),retinal venous branch laminar flow time (V1),retinal venous branch filling time (V2).RESULTS:The findings showed that there was no statistical difference among 3 groups in the retinal arterial passage time(A2-A1) (F=1.642,P=0.157).Retinal capillary passage time (V1-A2),retinal vein passage time (V2-V1),retinal artery and vein passage time (V2-A1) were compared between the three groups,the difference was statistically significant (F=5.794,5.180,5.564,P=0.007,0.009,0.008).The PDR group was significantly longer than the mild moderate and severe NPDR group,and the severe NPDR group was significantly longer than the mild and moderate NPDR group.CONCLUSION:The duration of DR is longer,the degree is more severely.The destruction of retinal capillaries is more serious,the time of retinal microcirculation is longer.

Evaluation of the Central Macula in Commotio Retinae Not Associated with Other Types of Traumatic Retinopathy

PURPOSE: To report on the anatomical and functional changes to the macula in nine patients suffering from commotio retinae not accompanied by any other types of traumatic retinopathy. METHODS: Nine injured eyes with commotio retinae were evaluated soon after ocular trauma with ophthalmic examination, including Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). In 12 eyes of 6 patients, Humphrey visual field (HVF) and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) were performed. Re-examinations were periodically performed for a mean of 26 days. Data from 9 injured eyes were collected and compared to data collected from the 9 non-affected eyes of the same patients. RESULTS: SD-OCT revealed no significant differences in the foveal thickness and total macular volume between traumatized and intact eyes in all 9 patients. Only 3 out of the 9 injured eyes showed abnormal findings in SD-OCT images such as discontinuity of the inner/outer segment (IS/OS) junction or abnormal hyper-reflectivity from the IS/OS and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) lines in the macula. HVF and mfERG results did not show any functional deterioration in the injured eyes compared with intact eyes. During follow-up, the commotio retinae resolved in all 9 eyes. The changes to the outer retinal region detected in 3 patients by SD-OCT were also resolved. CONCLUSIONS: Acute retinal changes in commotio retinae, not associated with other retinal pathologies, were resolved without histological and functional sequelae. In a few cases of commotio retinae, SD-OCT revealed transient abnormalities mainly observed at the IS/OS and RPE complexes.

Glaucoma neovascular: reporte de un caso / Neovascular glaucoma: a case report

El glaucoma neovascular es una forma de glaucoma secundario, de difícil tratamiento y pronóstico, como consecuencia de una isquemia retiniana. Puede ser identificado con un mejor conocimiento de las características de la enfermedad. Se presenta un caso típico secundario probablemente a una retinopatía diabética, con manifestaciones clínicas y de medios diagnósticos evidentes, se expone su evolución, tratamiento y pronóstico.

The neovascular glaucoma is a form of secondary glaucoma, of difficult treatment and prognosis, as a result of an ischemia retinae. It can be identified with a better knowledge of the characteristics of the disease. A typical secondary case probably to a diabetic retinopathy is presented, with clinical manifestations and diagnostic evident means, it is exposed its evolution, treatment and prognosis.

Cytological study on vitreous extracts in Eales disease / 中华实验眼科杂志

To study the pathcytological mechanism of Eales disease and to provide a histological testimony for an effictive therapy.Methods45 cases(48 eyes) of Eales disease that were diagnosed according to vitreous hemorrhage and proliferative vitreoretinopathy or secondary retinal detachment.Cytomorphological examination was taken and vitreous extracts were examined by immunohistochemical staining.ResultLymphocytes and fibroblastes were most of those cells in the vitreous extracts.Immunohistology and electron microscopy revealed that lymphocytes were 78.8% or 61.5% in all specimens,respectively.ConclusionProliferative vitreoretinopathy induced by Eales disease closely relates with lymphocytes.The results suggested that autoimmunity might play an important role in the pathogenic mechanism of the disease

Treatment of central retinal artery occlusion by thrombolysis via super-selective ophthalmic artery catheterization / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective To investigate the therapeutic method and effect of thrombolysis via super-selective ophthalmic artery catheterization treating central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). Methods 9 patients with CRAO were treated by urokinase infusion via super-selective ophthalmic artery catheterization with Seldinger technique. Results In the 9 patients, the visual acuity was improved to different extent in 8, and remained unchanged in 1. No complications was found during the treatment in any patients. Conclusions Thrombolysis via super-selective ophthalmic artery catheterization for CRAO can improve the visual acuity of most of the patients in different degrees. No positive relation exists in clinical therapeutic effect, time of onset, quantity of urokinase and the visual acuity before the treatment. The method of thrombolysis via super-selective ophthalmic artery catheterization for CRVO is safe and reliable.

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF RGNTF AND ITS RECEPTOR IN RETINAE OF EMBRYONIC RATS / 解剖学报

Monoclonal antibody specific to the retinal ganglion neuronotrophic factor (RGNTF) and anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody specific to the receptor of RGNTF were used to localize immunohistochemically and quantify the amounts of RGNTF and its receptor in the paraffin sections of embryonic E_(16) to E_(20) rat retinae. The results revealed that RGNTF contents in the retinal ganglion cells of E_(16) to E_(20) embryonic retinae decreased lineally and very significantly (P