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Objective To investigate the effect of dopaminergic neurons of midbrain ventral tegmental area(VTA) in general anesthesia.Methods Forty adult healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into lesion group (n=20) and control group (n=20).The lesion group was given the bilateral infusion of specific dopaminergic neuron injury agent 6-OHDA in midbrain lateral VTA,while the control group received the same volume of normal saline at the same areas.The time of loss of righting reflex (LORR)loss and recovery of righting reflex(RORR)at postoperative 2 week were observed in each group.Results Compared with the control group,the LORR time in the lesion group was shortened and the RORR time was significantly prolonged under propofol-induced anesthesia (P＜0.05).However,the LORR time under the isoflurane anesthesia had no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05),while the RORR time in the lesion group was increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Dopaminergic neurons in midbrain VTA might play different roles in the induction and recovery of different general anesthetics.
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Objective To measure 95% effective doses (ED95) of propofol and etomidate by using up-down intravenous administration method, and compare the potency ratio and the anesthesia duration of them. Methods Twenty eight male SD rats were divided into two groups randomly: the propofol group and the etomidate group. Loss of righting reflex was regarded as the judgment index of unconsciousness. The dose-response curve was made according to the formula of Y=Ymin+(Ymax-Ymin)/ [1+10log(ED50-X)× m]. Values of ED95 of propofol and etomidate were calculated, and the anesthesia duration periods after administration of the two equivalent dose drugs were measured respectively. Results The values of ED95 were 9 mg/kg and 1.5 mg/kg for propofol and etomidate. The ED95 ratio for propofol and etomidate was 6. There was a significant difference in anesthesia duration between propofol group (465.6±18.5)s and etomidate group (233.7±9.3)s (P<0.05). Conclusion The anesthesia duration of propofol is longer than that of etomidate, taking the ED95 as equivalent dose.
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Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of microbe?derived antioxidant on sleep and antioxidant ability in mice. Methods Sixty male Kunming mice with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups. The control group received normal saline, and the experimental groups received microbe?derived antioxidant in a dose of 0?5 g/kg bw, 1?0 g/kg bw or 1?5 g/kg bw once per day, respectively. The experiment period was 30 days. At the end of experiment, the mice of each group were intraperitoneally injected sodium pentobarbital to induce sleep. The mice fall sleep was judged by righting reflex. After the test of sleep, blood was taken for detection of serum antioxidant ability. Results Compared with the low dose and high dose groups, the middle dose group showed a significantly prolonged sodium pentobarbital?induced sleeping time (P<0?05). Compared with the control group, low and high dose groups, the middle dose group had highly significantly increased GSH?Px activity ( P <0?01 ) and significantly increased content of SOD. Under these conditions, the middle dose group reduced both the contents of MDA and 8?ISO?PGF2α ( P<0?05 ) compared with the control group. Conclusions Our results suggest that microbe?derived antioxidant exerts effect on sleep and antioxidant ability in rats. Supplement of 1?0 g/kg bw/d shows the most significant effects.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the preventive effects of arhinhor-11 on acute alcoholism in mice. METHODS:48 mice were randomly divided into model group (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose),arhinhor-11 low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose groups [1.23,2.46,4.92 g(crude drug)/kg],with 12 mice in each group. Each group was given relevant medicine intragastrically, and 30 min later given 56% liquor intragastrically to induce acute alcoholism model. The disappearance time and recovery time of righting reflex were determined. 160 mice were grouped,given medicine and modeled with the same method,with 40 mice in each group. The alcohol concentration and alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH)activity in liver of 10 mice were determined 0.5,1,2,3 h af-ter giving alcohol. Other 10 mice were included in normal control (ig administration of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose). RE-SULTS:Compared with model group,the disappearance time of righting reflex were prolonged while recovery time shortened in arhinhor-11 groups,and alcohol concentration and ADH activity increased 0.5,1,2,3 h after giving alcohol (P0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Arhinhor-11 has preventive effect on acute alcoholism in mice. It has a positive control effects on the alco-hol concentration in blood and ADH activity in liver.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of N-acetylcysteine(NAC)on the concentration of ethanol in serum and the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase in liver and stomach tissue in alcoholic mice.METHODS:All mice were given p.o white spirit30min after p.o saline or5%NAC solution,and the durations from the disappear of righting reflex to recovery in mice were recorded and the number of dead mice in24hours were countered;With the same procedure for six days,the mice were killed by withdrawaling blood from orbit,and taken out the liver and stomach immediately,the concentrations of ethanol in serum and the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase in liver and stomach were measured by chromatometry and colorimetric method respectively.RESULTS:In drunk test,5%NAC solution significantly postponed the time from p.o white spirit to the disappear of righting reflex(P
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Simultaneous contraction of various muscles with levator palpebrae have been reported as a phenomenon of the paradoxic synkinesis. The authors observed an unilateral eyelid retraction induced by the postural change from supine to sitting position in a 33-month-old girl and a 4-year-old boy. In both cases, the levator function of both eyes was normal and ptosis was not observed. These cases were presumed to be related with postural righting reflex, but the exact neurological basis is not fully defined yet.