Estrategias de afrontamiento al síndrome de burnout en médicos-docentes universitarios en postpandemia / Coping strategies to burnout syndrome in post-pandemic university physician-teachers / Estratégias de enfrentamento da síndrome de burnout em professores doutores de universidades pós-pandemia

Los médico-docentes han sufrido las secuelas de la pandemia y que sigue evidenciándose en la postpandemia como estrés laboral; por ello tuvieron que aprender estrategias de afrontamiento para superar este problema de salud mental. Objetivo. Analizar las características del Síndrome de burnout Académico de cuatro docentes-médicos universitarios y las estrategias de afrontamiento que utilizaron en un contexto de postpandemia. Metodología. Investigación cualitativa, fenomenológica, interpretativa, en la que se utilizó la entrevista en profundad a cuatro docentes-médicos (2 varones y 2 mujeres), permitió analizar y reflexionar acerca de las experiencias de los participantes de las secuelas que les dejó el SBA después de la pandemia generada por la COVID-19 y cómo realizaron el afrontamiento. Las categorías fueron SBA y afrontamiento. El trabajo se llevó a cabo en tres fases: (a) descriptiva, en ella se organizó y planificó el proceso metodológico y ético, (b) fase estructural, se elaboraron las guías de entrevista, la matriz para organizar la información, transcripción y codificación de la información y (c) fase de discusión, en la se confrontaron las experiencias discrepantes y semejantes que fueron contrastados con otros estudios. Hallazgos. La COVID-19 generó en los médico-docentes SBA, que se evidenciaron en problemas emocionales, cognitivos, conductuales-psicosomáticos y sociales. El afrontamiento integral con las técnicas cognitivo-conductuales, mindfulness, relajación y la religión permitieron revertir los efectos del SBA. A manera de conclusión. El integral de técnicas terapéuticas de afrontamiento a SBA postraumático mostraron ser eficientes.

Physician-teachers have suffered the after-effects of the pandemic, which continues to be evidenced in the post-pandemic as occupational stress; therefore, they had to learn coping strategies to overcome this mental health problem. Objective. To analyze the characteristics of Academic Burnout Syndrome of four university teacher-physicians and the coping strategies they used in a post-pandemic context. Methodology. Qualitative, phenomenological, interpretative research, using in-depth interviews with four physician-teachers (2 men and 2 women), made it possible to analyze and reflect on the participants' experiences of the after-effects of BMS after the pandemic generated by COVID-19 and how they coped. The categories were BMS and coping. The work was carried out in three phases: (a) descriptive, in which the methodological and ethical process was organized and planned, (b) structural phase, in which the interview guides, the matrix to organize the information, transcription and codification of the information were elaborated, and (c) discussion phase, in which the discrepant and similar experiences were compared and contrasted with other studies. Findings. The COVID-19 generated BMS in the physician-teachers, which were evidenced in emotional, cognitive, behavioral-psychosomatic and social problems. Integrated coping with cognitive-behavioral techniques, mindfulness, relaxation and religion allowed reversing the effects of BMS. By way of conclusion. The integrated therapeutic techniques of coping with posttraumatic BMS proved to be efficient.

Os professores de medicina sofreram os efeitos colaterais da pandemia, que ainda são evidentes no período pós-pandemia como estresse relacionado ao trabalho, e tiveram de aprender estratégias de enfrentamento para superar esse problema de saúde mental. Objetivo. Analisar as características da Síndrome de burnout acadêmico em quatro professores-médicos universitários e as estratégias de enfrentamento que eles usaram em um contexto pós-pandêmico. Metodologia. A pesquisa qualitativa, fenomenológica e interpretativa, por meio de entrevistas em profundidade com quatro professores-doutores (2 homens e 2 mulheres), nos permitiu analisar e refletir sobre as experiências dos participantes em relação às sequelas da SBM após a pandemia gerada pela COVID-19 e como eles lidaram com isso. As categorias foram BMS e enfrentamento. O trabalho foi realizado em três fases: (a) descritiva, na qual o processo metodológico e ético foi organizado e planejado; (b) fase estrutural, na qual foram elaborados os guias de entrevista, a matriz para organizar as informações, a transcrição e a codificação das informações; e (c) fase de discussão, na qual experiências discrepantes e semelhantes foram comparadas e contrastadas com outros estudos. Resultados. A COVID-19 gerou BMS nos médicos-professores, que foram evidenciados em problemas emocionais, cognitivos, comportamentais-psicossomáticos e sociais. O enfrentamento integrado com técnicas cognitivo-comportamentais, atenção plena, relaxamento e religião permitiu reverter os efeitos da SGB. À guisa de conclusão. As técnicas terapêuticas integradas de enfrentamento da SGB pós-traumática mostraram-se eficazes.

Síndrome de Burnout e o senso de coerência em profissionais de enfermagem / Burnout syndrome and coherence sense in nursing professionals

Este estudo analisou a síndrome de Burnout e o senso de coerência em profissionais de enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Para tanto, 61 profissionais da região Centro-Oeste do Brasil responderam aos instrumentos Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) e Senso de Coerência (SOC), em questionário do Google Forms. Os resultados indicaram que o domínio com maior pontuação média no MBI foi a "Realização pessoal" (M=3,95; DP=0,53), seguida pela "Exaustão emocional" (M=2,82; DP=0,83). Houve associação significante entre domínios do MBI e as dimensões do SOC-13, com pontuações mais altas em "Compreensão" e "Manejo" do SOC, associadas a menor "Exaustão emocional" (r_S de -0,447 e -0,572) e "Despersonalização" (r_S de -0,339 e -0,383). Foi observada relação significante entre o apoio psicológico no trabalho e a redução do nível de exaustão (valor p ≤ 0,001). Esses achados fornecem contribuições relevantes para o desenvolvimento de ações direcionadas aos profissionais da enfermagem, destacando a importância do apoio psicológico e do fortalecimento do senso de coerência.

This study analyzed Burnout and sense of coherence in nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. To do so, 61 professionals of the Center-West region of Brazil answered the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Sense of Coherence (SOC) instruments through a Google Forms questionnaire. The results suggested that the domain with the highest mean score in the MBI was "Personal accomplishment" (M=3.95; SD=0,53), followed by "Emotional exhaustion" (M=2.82; SD=0,83). There was a significant association between the MBI domains and the SOC-13 dimensions, with higher scores in "Comprehensibility" and "Manageability" of SOC, associated to lower "Emotional exhaustion" (r_S of -0.447 and -0.572) e "Depersonalization" (r_S of -0.339 and -0.383). A significant relationship was found between the psychological support at work and a decrease in the exhaustion level (p-value ≤ 0.001). These findings provide relevant contributions to devise actions focused on nursing professionals, highlighting the importance of psychological support and the strengthening of the sense of coherence.

Fatores de risco para a Síndrome de burnout em enfermeiros de um hospital público de Mossoró/RN, Brasil / Risk factors for burnout syndrome in nurses at a public hospital in Mossoró/RN, Brazil

Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores de risco para o aparecimento da Síndrome de burnout em enfermeiros trabalhadores do Hospital Regional Tarcísio de Vasconcelos Maia em Mossoró/RN. Métodos: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, quantitativo e transversal com 119 enfermeiros de março a setembro de 2022. Os dados foram coletados a partir da aplicação de um formulário com informações sócio-organizacionais e do Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, contendo 19 itens que refletem o burnout profissional em uma escala categorizada como burnout baixo, intermediário e alto. Resultados: A maioria dos entrevistados era do sexo feminino (81%), com média de 36,4 anos de idade, casada (70%), com especialização na área (74%) e dois empregos (59%). Identificou-se maior prevalência de níveis elevados de burnout pessoal (44%) e níveis intermediários de burnoutrelacionado ao trabalho (52%) e relacionado ao cliente (50%). Houve forte correlação positiva entre número de vínculos empregatícios para as dimensões burnout pessoal (r = 0,74; p = 0,03) e relacionado ao trabalho (r = 0,81; p = 0,02), forte correlação positiva entre carga horária de trabalho e burnout pessoal (r = 0,68; p = 0,04) e moderada correlação positiva entre carga horária de trabalho e burnout relacionado ao trabalho (r = 0,53; p = 0,04). Conclusões: A exposição a jornadas de trabalho prolongadas resultou em aumento dos níveis de exaustão física e psíquica nos enfermeiros, interferindo negativamente nos aspectos profissionais e pessoais. Estudos futuros focando em estratégias para garantir uma melhor condição de trabalho ao enfermeiro são necessários, visando proporcionar uma melhor saúde ocupacional aos trabalhadores

Objective: To evaluate the risk factors for the onset of burnout syndrome in nursing workers at the Hospital Regional Tarcísio de Vasconcelos Maia in Mossoró/RN. Methods: Exploratory, descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study with 119 nurses from March to September 2022. Data were collected from the application of a form with socio-organizational information and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, containing 19 items that reflect the professional burnout on a scale categorized as low, intermediate and high burnout. Results: Most respondents were female (81%), with an average age of 36.4 years, married (70%), with specialization in the area (74%) and two jobs (59%). A higher prevalence of high levels of personal burnout (44%) and intermediate levels of work-related (52%) and client-related burnout (50%) were identified. There was a strong positive correlation between the number of employment relationships for the personal burnout (r = 0.74; p = 0.03) and work-related (r = 0.81; p = 0.02) dimensions, a strong positive correlation between load hours of work and personal burnout (r = 0.68; p = 0.04) and a moderate positive correlation between workload and work-related burnout (r = 0.53; p = 0.04). Conclusions: Exposure to long working hours resulted in increased levels of physical and mental exhaustion in nurses, negatively interfering with professional and personal aspects. Future studies focusing on strategies to ensure a better working condition for nurses are needed, aiming to provide better occupational health for workers. Keywords: Burnout syndrome; Occupational stress; Nursing

Síndrome de Burnout en residentes y posgrados de Neonatología en un centro hospitalario de tercer nivel. Análisis situacional y seguimiento, período 2021 - 2023

Introducción: los residentes y posgrados son un eslabón central en los servicios hospitalarios. El síndrome de Burnout se define como el agotamiento físico y emocional resultado de la exposición crónica al estrés en el ámbito laboral. El Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS) es un instrumento diseñado y validado para evaluarlo. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout en nuestro servicio y compararla entre los estudiantes de distintas generaciones para luego poner en marcha mecanismos que permitan realizar seguimiento, detección temprana e identificación de factores modificables. Material y método: estudio transversal, descriptivo, observacional, desarrollado en abril de 2021 a través de la realización del test MBI-HSS para el diagnóstico de situación. Este estudio continuará con una segunda etapa que consta de la aplicación del test cada cuatro meses, la cual no desarrollaremos en el presente trabajo. La población objetivo la constituyen todos los residentes y posgrados de la especialidad de Neonatología en un centro hospitalario de tercer nivel. Se aplicó el cuestionario MBI-HSS y un cuestionario general para caracterizar a la población. Resultados: se incluyeron un total de 22 participantes, de los cuales 13 presentaron puntajes altos de agotamiento emocional, 9 obtuvieron un valor alterado de despersonalización y 9 presentaron puntajes bajos de realización personal. Seis participantes (27%) presentaron puntajes alterados para las tres variables. Conclusiones: se evidenció una alta prevalencia de Burnout, el 27% en la población total. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para los ítems despersonalización y realización personal entre los distintos años de la especialidad, con mayor puntaje de despersonalización y menor puntaje de realización personal en los de segundo y tercer año. Esto constituye un elemento de alarma que exige la modificación inmediata del funcionamiento y de las actividades.

Introduction: Residents and postgraduates are a fundamental part of hospital services. Burnout Syndrome is defined as physical and emotional exhaustion resulting from chronic exposure to stress in the workplace. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS) is an instrument designed and validated to evaluate it. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in our service and to compare it among students of different generations to then implement mechanisms that allow monitoring, early detection and identification of modifiable factors. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study carried out in April 2021 through the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) test to carry out a diagnosis of the situation. This study will continue with a 2nd stage consisting of the application of the test every 4 months, which we will not develop in this work. The target population is all residents and postgraduates in the neonatology specialty at a tertiary level hospital. The MBI-HSS questionnaire and a general questionnaire were applied to characterize the population. Results: A total of 22 participants were included, of which 13 presented high scores of emotional exhaustion, 9 obtained an altered value of depersonalization and 9 presented low scores of personal fulfillment. Six participants, 27%, presented altered scores for the three variables. Conclusions: A high prevalence of Burnout was evidenced, being 27% in the total population. Statistically significant differences were found for the items "depersonalization" and "personal fulfillment" between the different years of the specialty, with higher depersonalization scores and lower personal fulfillment scores in the second and third years. This constitutes an alarm element, which requires immediate modification of the operation and activities.

Introdução: Residentes e pós-graduandos constituem um elo central nos serviços hospitalares. A Síndrome de Burnout é definida como exaustão física e emocional resultante da exposição crônica ao estresse no ambiente de trabalho. O Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS) é um instrumento elaborado e validado para avaliá-lo. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é determinar a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout no Serviço de Neonatologia do Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossel e compará-la entre estudantes de diferentes gerações para então implementar mecanismos que permitam monitoramento, detecção precoce e identificação de fatores modificáveis. Materiais e métodos: Estudo transversal, descritivo, observacional realizado em abril de 2021 por meio do teste Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) para diagnóstico da situação. Este estudo continuará com uma 2ª etapa que consiste na aplicação do teste a cada 4 meses, que não desenvolveremos neste trabalho. A população-alvo são todos os residentes e pós-graduandos da especialidade de neonatologia de um hospital de nível terciário. O questionário MBI-HSS e um questionário geral foram aplicados para caracterizar a população. Resultados: Foram incluídos 22 participantes, dos quais 13 apresentaram escores elevados de exaustão emocional, 9 obtiveram valor alterado de despersonalização e 9 apresentaram escores baixos de realização pessoal. Seis participantes, 27%, apresentaram escores alterados nas três variáveis. Conclusões: Evidenciou-se uma alta prevalência de Burnout de 27% na população total. Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos itens "despersonalização" e "realização pessoal" entre os diferentes anos da especialidade, com maiores pontuações de despersonalização e menores pontuações de realização pessoal no segundo e terceiro anos. Isto constitui um elemento de alarme, que requer modificação imediata do funcionamento e das atividades.

A expressão pessoal de médicos frente à bioética, qualidade de vida no trabalho e relação médico paciente / Physicians' personal expression regarding bioethics, quality of life at work and the doctor-patient relationship / Expresión personal de los médicos respecto a la bioética, la calidad de vida en el trabajo y la relación médico-paciente

Foi realizada uma pesquisa de opinião nacional na qual cada médico foi capaz de expressar seus sentimentos, compreensão e opinião pessoal no contexto da qualidade de vida no trabalho e bioética. Foi utilizado um questionário estruturado com tópicos relevantes, enviado pelo Departamento de TI do Conselho Federal de Medicina aos 95.022 endereços de e-mail registrados válidos, e foram obtidas 426 respostas completas. Houve manifestações negativas; em média, mais de 50% das respostas específicas, que mostraram que a falta de qualidade de vida no trabalho age negativamente sobre o entendimento e a opinião dos médicos sobre bioética e a relação médico-paciente, e não necessariamente que esta manifestação se materialize através de suas ações. Houve médicos receptivos que, através de suas respostas, conseguiram demonstrar que a falta de qualidade de vida no trabalho pode alterar e desconstruir esta relação no contexto da bioética.

A nationwide opinion survey was applied, in which each physician was able to express his or her feelings, understanding and personal opinion in the context of quality of life at work and bioethics. A structured questionnaire with relevant topics was used, sent by the Informatics Department of the Federal Council of Medicine to the 95,022 valid e-mails registered, and 426 complete responses were obtained. There were negative manifestations; on average, more than 50% of the specific responses, which evidenced that the lack of quality of life at work acts negatively on the understanding and opinion of physicians on bioethics and the doctor-patient relationship, and not necessarily that this manifestation is materialized through their actions. There were responsive physicians who, through their responses, were able to demonstrate that a lack of quality of life at work can alter and deconstruct this relationship in the context of bioethics.

Se aplicó una encuesta de opinión, de ámbito nacional, en la que cada médico pudo expresarse plasmando sus sentimientos, comprensión y opinión personal en el contexto de la calidad de vida en el trabajo y la bioética. Se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado con temas pertinentes, enviado por el Departamento de Informática del Consejo Federal de Medicina a los 95.022 correos electrónicos válidos registrados, y se obtuvieron 426 respuestas completas. Hubo manifestaciones negativas; en promedio, más del 50% de las respuestas específicas, lo que evidenció que la falta de calidad de vida en el trabajo actúa negativamente en la comprensión y opinión de los médicos sobre la bioética y la relación médico-paciente, y no necesariamente que esa manifestación se materialice a través de sus acciones. Hubo médicos receptivos que, a través de sus respuestas, pudieron demostrar que la falta de calidad de vida en el trabajo puede alterar y deconstruir esta relación en el contexto de la bioética.

Prevalencia de Síndrome de Burnout en estudiantes de medicina de una institución universitaria de Cartagena-Colombia

Introducción: Los estudiantes universitarios se ven envueltos en situaciones de estrés y ansiedad que afectan su proceso académico y calidad de vida. Sin el acompañamiento adecuado, el estrés puede desencadenar en problemas psicológicos mayores, tales como el Síndrome de Burnout. Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout en estudiantes de medicina de una institución universitaria en Cartagena durante el primer período del año 2019. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de tipo cuantitativo, la población fueron estudiantes del programa de medicina de una institución universitaria de Cartagena, matriculados en el primer período del año 2019, se aplicó el test de Maslach Burnout Inventory Student Survey (MBI-SS-1981), el cual mide tres parámetros indicadores de Síndrome de Burnout. Resultados: Se realizaron 383 encuestas, el 63% fueron de género femenino, el 91,7% son solteros, el 53% está entre los 20 y los 25 años, la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout fue de 30.8%. Conclusión: El Síndrome de Burnout en los estudiantes del programa de medicina de la institución Universitaria de la ciudad de Cartagena presenta una prevalencia importante, por tanto, es necesario diseñar estrategias que permitan su prevención.

Introduction: University students are involved in situations of stress and anxiety that affect their academic process and quality of life. Without the proper accompaniment, stress can trigger major psychological problems, such as Burnout Syndrome. Objective: To identify the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in medical students of a university institution in Cartagena during the first period of 2019. Materials and Methods: Descriptive quantitative study, the population were students of the medicine program of a university institution in Cartagena, enrolled in the first period of 2019, the Maslach Burnout Inventory Student Survey (MBI-SS-1981) test was applied, which measures three indicator parameters of Burnout Syndrome.. Results: 383 surveys were carried out, 63% were female, 91.7% are single, 53% are between 20 and 25 years old, the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome was 30.8%. Conclusion: The Burnout Syndrome in the students of the medicine program of the University institution of the city of Cartagena presents an important prevalence, therefore, it is necessary to design strategies that allow its prevention.

Nursing training and its association with burnout syndrome among Mexican undergraduate students / Formación académica en enfermería y su asociación con el síndrome de burnout en estudiantes Mexicanos de pregrado

Abstract Introduction Previous data suggest that healthcare students, such as nursing students, might have a differential risk of presenting burnout syndrome caused by the stress they are subjected to. However, the evidence is still scarce and inconclusive. Objective To evaluate the association between nursing training and burnout syndrome among undergraduate students in Hidalgo, Mexico. Method A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 566 undergraduate students (56% were nursing students and the rest were non-healthcare students). Burnout syndrome was identified using the Spanish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, consisting of subscales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and diminished academic efficacy. The association between the variables of interest was evaluated using logistic regression models adjusted for confounders. Results In the depersonalization subscale, nursing students, compared with non-healthcare students, had an adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) of moderate/high burnout syndrome of 2.08 (95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.34, 3.22]). In addition, the association was stronger among students in the third and fourth school years (aOR = 3.58; 95% CI = [1.62, 7.89]) compared with those in the first and second school years (aOR = 1.20; 95% CI = [.71, 2.03]). Discussion and conclusion It is necessary that universities provide nursing students with tools that allow them to cope with stressful situations during their academic training and their future life as health professionals.

Resumen Introducción Datos previos sugieren que los estudiantes del cuidado a la salud, como es el caso de enfermería, podrían tener un riesgo diferencial de presentar síndrome de burnout debido al estrés al que están sometidos, no obstante, la evidencia aun es escaza y no concluyente. Objetivo Evaluar la asociación entre la formación académica en enfermería con el síndrome de burnout en estudiantes universitarios de Hidalgo, México. Método Estudio trasversal analítico realizado en una muestra de 566 estudiantes universitarios (56% eran estudiantes de enfermería y el resto de las áreas diferentes a la salud). Para determinar la presencia de síndrome de burnout se utilizó la versión en español de la escala Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, conformada por las subescalas: agotamiento, eficacia académica y despersonalización. La asociación entre las variables de interés se evalúo mediante modelos de regresión logística ajustados por confusores. Resultados En la subescala de despersonalización los estudiantes de enfermería tuvieron mayores posibilidades de presentar síndrome de burnout medio/alto en comparación con los de las otras formaciones académicas (razón de momios ajustada [RMa] = 2.08; intervalo de confianza [IC] al 95% = [1.34, 3.22]). Además, la asociación fue más fuerte entre aquellos que cursaban el tercer y cuarto año escolar (RMa = 3.58; IC 95% = [1.62, 7.89]) a diferencia de los que cursaban los primeros dos años escolares (RMa = 1.20; IC 95% = [.71, 2.03]). Discusión y conclusión Es importante que las universidades brinden a los estudiantes de enfermería herramientas que les permitan sobrellevar las situaciones estresantes durante su formación académica y su futura vida profesional.

Síndrome de Burnout entre profissionais que trabalham com atendimento ao público / Burnout syndrome among professionals who work with public service / Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales que trabajan en el servicio público

Objetivo: Identificar a ocorrência da Síndrome de Burnout nos profissionais que trabalham com atendimento ao público. Método: estudo de corte transversal, descritivo com 81 profissionais de uma faculdade em município brasileiro, entre os meses de setembro e outubro de 2021. Aplicou-se o instrumento validado Maslach Burnout Inventory e um formulário com as caracteristicas sociodemográficas. Resultados: A maioria dos entrevistados tem entre 18 e 30 anos, se auto declaram pardos e possuem ensino superior. Observou-se que 45% dos participantes tem uma possibilidade de desenvolvimento da sindrome, e 38% estão na fase inicial. Conclusão: profissionais mais jovens são mais propensos a apresentar a síndrome de Burnout. Estimula-se o desenvolvimento de estudos interdisciplinares para o processo saúde-doença-mental possibilitando uma nova abordagem de preveção e cuidado em condutas investigativas e intervencionistas em academias de níveis superiores, de forma a buscar momentos saudáveis para o profissional.

Objective: To identify the occurrence of Burnout Syndrome in professionals who work with public service. Method: cross-sectional, descriptive study with 81 professionals from a college in a Brazilian municipality, between September and October 2021. The validated Maslach Burnout Inventory instrument and a form with sociodemographic characteristics were applied. Results: Most respondents are between 18 and 30 years old, self-declared brown and have higher education. It was observed that 45% of the participants have a possibility of developing the syndrome, and 38% are in the initial phase. Conclusion: younger professionals are more likely to present the Burnout syndrome. The development of interdisciplinary studies for the mental health- illness process is encouraged, enabling a new approach to prevention and care in investigative and interventional conducts in higher education academies, in order to seek healthy moments for the professional.

Objetivo: Identificar la ocurrencia del Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales que actúan en el servicio público. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal con 81 profesionales de una facultad de un municipio brasileño, entre septiembre y octubre de 2021. Se aplicó el instrumento Maslach Burnout Inventory validado y un formulario con características sociodemográficas. Resultados: La mayoría de los encuestados tienen entre 18 y 30 años, se declaran morenos y tienen estudios superiores. Se observó que el 45% de los participantes tiene posibilidad de desarrollar el síndrome, y el 38% se encuentra en fase inicial. Conclusión: los profesionales más jóvenes son más propensos a presentar el síndrome de Burnout. Se fomenta el desarrollo de estudios interdisciplinarios para el proceso salud-enfermedad mental, posibilitando un nuevo abordaje de la prevención y el cuidado en las conductas investigativas e intervencionistas en las academias de educación superior, con el fin de buscar momentos saludables para el profesional.

Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales de la salud antes y durante la pandemia de COVID-19 / Burnout Syndrome Among Health Professionals Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Objective: To describe the differences in burnout syndrome (BS) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among health professionals, according to prevalence, levels, sociodemographic, occupational, risk, and protective factors. Methods: A comparative descriptive study was conducted, with two samples of similar characteristics from public hospitals in Peru. The sample was 177 for 2019 and 167 for 2021. The instrument used was the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results: It was found that there is a higher prevalence of BS and lower personal fulfillment (PF) during the pandemic. For BS, female sex is a risk factor during the pandemic. For emotional exhaustion (EE), the female gender is a risk factor before and during the pandemic. For depersonalization (DP), being 39 years of age or older is a protective factor before the pandemic. Conclusions: There are significant differences in the scores of BS, EE, and PF; no significant differences for DP were found in both periods(AU)

Objetivo: Describir las diferencias en el síndrome de burnout (BS) antes y durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en los profesionales de la salud, según la prevalencia, niveles, factores sociodemográficos, ocupacionales, de riesgo y protectores. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo comparativo, con dos muestras de características similares de hospitales públicos en Perú. La muestra fue de 177 para 2019 y 167 para 2021. El instrumento utilizado fue el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach. Resultados: Se encontró que existe una mayor prevalencia de BS y menor realización personal (RP) durante la pandemia. Para BS, el sexo femenino es un factor de riesgo durante la pandemia. Para el agotamiento emocional (AE), el género femenino es un factor de riesgo antes y durante la pandemia. Para la despersonalización (DE), la edad de 39 años y más es un factor protector antes de la pandemia. Conclusiones: Existen diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones de BS, AE y RP; para DE no se encontraron diferencias significativas en ambos períodos(AU)

Prevalencia de síndrome de Burnout en internos de pediatría de la Universidad Católica del Maule / Burnout Syndrome Prevalence in pediatric interns of the Catholic University of Maule

Burnout syndrome is a public health problem, a pathological entity that affects professionals who work directly with people, such as health professionals. It is currently described as being composed of three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal fulfillment, and its evaluation is carried out through the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire. The present study aims to measure, by means of the aforementioned instrument, the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in pediatric interns of the Universidad Católica del Maule and find out which is the most frequent characteristic that the pathology presents, in relation to the 3 subgroups. It corresponds to a descriptive and cross-sectional study, in which the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire was applied to a sample of 18 pediatric inmates of the Regional Hospital of Talca, together with an informed consent to each participant. The results showed that the burnout syndrome is present in 11,11% of pediatric interns, in addition it was observed that a high percentage manifests alterations in the studied subdimensions, which makes us conclude that attention should be given urgently to this problem, in order to guarantee mental health support to those who need it.

Síndrome de burnout en cirujanos generales en tiempos de la pandemia COVID-19

Objetivo: Evaluar el síndrome de burnout (SB) en cirujanos generales. Material y Método: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en nuestro centro hospitalario, en agosto de 2021. La muestra estuvo formada por 56 profesionales de la salud que incluyeron a residentes y especialistas en cirugia general quienes prestaron servicio en el contexto de la COVID-19. Resultados: La prevalencia del burnout fue del 71%, la edad media fue de 34 años y los residentes fueron los más afectados (62,5%). La distribución por sexo fue de 82,5% en masculinos y 17,5% en el sexo femenino. Del total de evaluados, 23 son casados y 17 solteros, predominando los cirujanos con hijos (60%). Discusión: Entre los pocos estudios publicados sobre el SB en trabajadores de la salud en tiempos de COVID-19 se ubican como posibles factores predisponentes: a las privaciones de sueño, el riesgo biológico ocupacional intrínseco, la cuarentena obligada a la que tienen que someterse los trabajadores de la salud fuera de casa y los dilemas éticos en la toma de decisiones de atención a pacientes. Sin embargo, un estudio ha mostrado que los estresores vinculados al SB más importantes son la falta de equipo de protección personal, el miedo al contagio de COVID-19 y el miedo de contagiar a los familiares. Conclusión: Existe una alta prevalencia del SB en cirujanos generales en el contexto de la pandemia COVID-19. Los más afectados fueron residentes jóvenes de sexo masculino, casados, con hijos y con bajos ingresos económicos.

Objective: To evaluate the burnout syndrome (BS) in general surgeons. Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in our hospital in August 2021. The sample consisted of 56 health professionals that included residents and specialists in general surgery who provided service in the context of COVID-19 Results: The prevalence of burnout was 71%, the mean age was 34 years and the residents were the most affected (62.5%). Sex was 82.5% in males and 17.5% in females. Of the total evaluated, 23 are married and 17 are single, with a predominance of surgeons with children (60%). Discussion: Among the few studies published on BS in health workers in times of COVID-19, the following are located as possible predisposing factors: sleep deprivation, intrinsic occupational biological risk, the forced quarantine that patients have to undergo. out-of-home health workers and ethical dilemmas in patient care decision-making. However, a study has shown that the most important stressors linked to BS are the lack of personal protective equipment, the fear of contagion of COVID-19 and the fear of infecting family members. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of BS in general surgeons in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The most affected were young male residents, married, with children and with low income.

Síndrome de Burnout en trabajadores de salud del Hospital de Arequipa (Perú) durante la pandemia / Burnout syndrome in health care workers of the Hospital Arequipa (Peru) during the pandemic

RESUMEN: Introducción: a finales del año 2019, la comunidad global era sorprendida con la aparición de un brote de coronavirus en China. Se plantea que la exposición crónica a factores de riesgo psicosocial durante varios meses y de manera constante, podrían desencadenar el síndrome de burnout en el personal de salud que atiende pacientes con COVID-19. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia y severidad del síndrome de burnout en personal de salud que labora en el Hospital II Goyeneche del Ministerio de Salud en Arequipa en el contexto durante la pandemia. Material y Métodos: estudio descriptivo transeccional, en el que se registraron las características sociodemográficas de 147 trabajadores de salud del Hospital II Goyeneche un hospital del Ministerio de Salud y se aplicó el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach. Resultados: el 70,7% del personal de salud del Hospital II Goyeneche de Arequipa presenta síndrome de burnout, y de este porcentaje, la mayoría tiene preocupación por atender pacientes con COVID-19, no se siente capacitado para ello, le preocupa no contar con Equipos de Protección Personal y desconoce los protocolos de seguridad. Conclusión: existe una asociación significativa entre la presencia de síndrome de burnout y la atención de pacientes con COVID-19.

ABSTRACT Introduction: At the end of 2019, the global community was surprised by the new outbreak of coronavirus in China. We argued that the chronic exposure to psychosocial risk factors during four months, could precipitate the burnout syndrome among the healthcare workers who attend patients with COVID-19. Objective: To determine the frequency and severity of burnout syndrome in healthcare personnel who working Goyeneche Hospital from Ministry of Health Hospital from Arequipa City along the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: Descriptive transectional study, in which there were registered the sociodemographic characteristics of 147 healthcare workers in Goyeneche Hospital and there was applied the Burnout Maslach Inventory. Results: The 70.7% of the Goyeneche Hospital health care personnel presents burnout syndrome, and major part of the percentage have concerns about the attention of patients with COVID-19, also they don't feel trained enough for this, they also are concern because don´t have the Personal protective equipment and they don't know the safety attention protocols. Conclusion: There is a significant association among the burnout syndrome punctuation and the attention of patients with COVID-19.

Factor Validity of Measurement for Burnout in Chilean Prison Officers / Medida de Validez Factorial para el Burnout en Oficiales de Prisiones Chilenas

Abstract The objective of this research was to perform the factorial validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services (MBIHSS) in prison officers in Chile through a first-order factor analysis and a confirmatory analysis. The sample was constituted by all the prison officers in the Region of Arica and Parinacota (N=334). Of these, 44 did not participate in the study, since they were in a medical leave, vacation or special permit, transfer in progress, or similar situation. Therefore, the final number of participants was 290 subjects. The Burnout Syndrome (BS) was estimated through the adaptation to Spanish (Gil-Monte, 2005) of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, in its version for human services professionals (MBI-HSS) (Maslach & Jackson, 1986), validated in Chile (Olivares, 2009). By way of conclusion, the present investigation found similarities in the MBI-HSS in terms of dimensionality and reliability analysis, and despite the international observations of the instrument, an adjusted proposal (standardization and validation) of the MBI-HSS is provided for contexts Prisoners with 18 items, since in Chile there is no validation of the MBI-HSS in prison officers;

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar la validez factorial de Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services (MBIHSS) en funcionarios de prisiones en Chile a través de un análisis factorial de primer orden y un análisis confirmatorio. La muestra estuvo constituida por todos los funcionarios penitenciarios de la Región de Arica y Parinacota (N=334). De estos, 44 no participaron en el estudio, ya que se encontraban en un permiso médico, vacaciones o permiso especial, transferencia en curso o situación similar. El número final de participantes, por lo tanto, fue de 290 sujetos. El Sindrome de Burnout (BS) se estimò mediante la adaptación al espanol (Gil-Monte, 2005) del Maslach Burnout Inventory, en su versión para profesionales de servicios humanos (MBI-HSS) (Maslach & Jackson, 1986), validado en Chile (Olivares, 2009). A modo de conclusión, la presente investigación encontró similitudes en el MBI-HSS en términos de análisis de dimensionalidad y confiabilidad, y a pesar de las observaciones internacionales del instrumento, se proporciona una propuesta ajustada (estandarización y validación) del MBI-HSS para contextos Prisioneros con 18 items, ya que en Chile no hay validación del MBI-HSS en los funcionarios de prisiones

Estrés laboral en trabajadores de atención prehospitalaria durante la pandemia de COVID-19 / Work stress in prehospital care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

RESUMEN Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha causado cambios en las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores sanitarios, lo que se considera un posible factor desencadenante de estrés laboral. Objetivo: Analizar el grado de exposición al estrés laboral que presentan los trabajadores de atención prehospitalaria de la zona 3 del Instituto Ecuatoriano del Seguro Social durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación básica, no experimental, transversal y descriptiva donde el universo estuvo constituido por un total de 35 trabajadores. Se utilizó la tercera versión del cuestionario de Estrés Laboral diseñada por Villalobos en el año 2016. Resultados: Predominio de trabajadores expuestos a estrés laboral (88,57 %) con predominio de estrés medio (48,39 %). Los dolores en el cuello, espalda o tensión muscular fueron referidos siempre o casi siempre por el 88,57 % de los trabajadores. Los sentimientos de sobrecarga de trabajo siempre o casi siempre estuvieron presentes en el 80,00 % de los trabajadores. El 37,14% refirió problemas siempre o casi siempre con sus relaciones familiares. El 62,86 % de los trabajadores informó que consumen bebidas alcohólicas, café o cigarro siempre o casi siempre para controlar las manifestaciones de estrés. Conclusión: Se identificó un elevado porcentaje de trabajadores con nivel medio de estrés. Los dolores en el cuello y espalda, dificultades en las relaciones familiares, sentimientos de sobrecarga de trabajo, dificultades para concentrarse y el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas, café o cigarro fueron los síntomas que con mayor frecuencia se identificaron en las esferas investigadas.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has generated changes in the working conditions of health workers, being considered a possible trigger of work stress. Objective: To analyze the degree of exposure to work stress presented by pre-hospital care workers in zone 3 of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A basic, non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive research was carried out where the universe consisted of a total of 35 workers. The third version of the Occupational Stress questionnaire designed by Villalobos in 2016 was used. Results: Prevalence of workers exposed to work stress (88.57%) with predominance of medium stress (48.39%). Pain in the neck, back or muscle tension was always or almost always reported by 88.57% of the workers. Feelings of work overload were always or almost always present in 80.00% of the workers. 37.14% reported problems always or almost always with their family relationships. 62.86% of the workers reported that they consume alcoholic beverages, coffee or cigarettes always or almost always to control stress manifestations. Conclusion: A high percentage of workers with a medium level of stress was identified. Pains in the neck and back; difficulties in family relationships; Feelings of work overload, difficulties concentrating and the consumption of alcoholic beverages, coffee or cigarettes were the symptoms that were most frequently identified in the areas investigated.

Burnout y depresión en médicos de medicina interna y unidad de cuidados intensivos en Riobamba, Ecuador / Burnout and depression in internal medicine doctors and intensive care unit in Riobamba, Ecuador

RESUMEN Introducción: El síndrome de burnout es conceptualizado como la forma inadecuada de afrontar el estrés crónico dado por exposición crónica a condiciones laborales inadecuadas. Afecta la salud mental, general y el rendimiento laboral de las personas. Objetivo: Determinar la presencia de síndrome de burnout en el personal de medicina interna y la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Provincial General Docente de Riobamba, Chimborazo, Ecuador. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación básica, no experimental, transversal, descriptiva y correlacional en un universo de 77 trabajadores, de los cuales 65 conformaron la población de estudio. Se aplicaron cuestionarios para identificar presencia de síndrome de burnout, depresión y rendimiento laboral. Se utilizó la prueba de correlación de Pearson para identificar relación entre variables. Resultados: Predominio de pacientes con síndrome de burnout (52,31 %), depresión posible (47,69 %) y autopercepción de rendimiento laboral como adecuado (44,62 %). Dentro de las subescalas de la enfermedad la de mayor afectación fue la de realización personal con un 47,69 % de trabajadores en nivel medio y 39,23 % en nivel alto. Conclusiones: Existió predominio de trabajadores con síndrome de burnout y se identificó una correlación positiva fuerte entre las variables depresión y síndrome de burnout, así como entre esta variable y rendimiento laboral. Entre las variables depresión y rendimiento laboral la correlación obtenida fue positiva media.

ABSTRACTS Introduction: Burnout syndrome is conceptualized as the inadequate way of coping with chronic stress caused by chronic exposure to inadequate working conditions. It affects the mental and general health and the work performance of the people. Objective: to determine the presence of Burnout syndrome in the internal medicine staff and the intensive care unit of the Provincial General Teaching Hospital of Riobamba, Chimborazo, Ecuador. Methods: A basic, non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational research was carried out in a universe of 77 workers, of which 65 made up the study population. Questionnaires were applied to identify the presence of burnout syndrome, depression and work performance. Pearson's correlation test was used to identify a relationship between variables. Results: prevalence of patients with burnout syndrome (52.31%), possible depression (47.69%) and self-perception of work performance as adequate (44.62%). Within the subscales of the disease, the one with the greatest affectation was that of personal fulfillment with 47.69% of workers in the medium level and 39.23% in the high level. Conclusions: there was a predominance of workers with burnout syndrome and a strong positive correlation was identified between the variables depression and burnout syndrome, as well as between this variable and job performance. Among the variables depression and work performance, the correlation obtained was positive medium.

Burnout syndrome, anxiety, depression and occupational well-being among Peru hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic / Síndrome de Burnout, ansiedad, depresión y bienestar laboral en personal hospitalario de Perú durante la pandemia de COVID-19

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had serious consequences for the mental health of individuals, especially health care providers, who have experienced symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression that affect their personal, family and social lives. This situation has led health entities to evaluate the negative effects and to design interventions. Objective: To establish the relationship between burnout syndrome, anxiety, depression and work well-being, considering sociodemographic and work variables, including differences according to the type of work. Methods: The present study is non-causal, comparative, cross-sectional and prospective. The sampling was intentional non-probabilistic, with a total of 366 participants from three hospitals in Ancash (Peru) under COVID-19 conditions during the second wave. For the measurement of the variables, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Goldberg anxiety/depression subscales and the Sánchez-Cánovas work well-being subscales were used. Results: The results indicated multiple relationships among burnout syndrome, anxiety, depression and work well-being (p <0.05). Likewise, these relationships were also presented considering some sociodemographic and labor variables (p <0.05). Conclusions: The variables studied have a significant relationship in the health care personnel examined. Based on these findings, it is possible to have a baseline of the mental health of health personnel to plan interventions that emphasize those variables and groups at risk that require special attention(AU)

Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha tenido graves consecuencias para la salud mental de las personas, especialmente de los profesionales de la salud, quienes han experimentado síntomas de estrés, ansiedad y depresión que afectan su vida personal, familiar y social. Esta situación ha llevado a las entidades de salud a evaluar los efectos negativos y diseñar intervenciones. Objetivo: Establecer la relación entre el síndrome de Burnout, la ansiedad, la depresión y el bienestar laboral, considerando variables sociodemográficas y laborales, incluyendo diferencias según el tipo de trabajo. Métodos: El presente estudio es no causal, comparativo, transversal y prospectivo. El muestreo fue no probabilístico intencional, con un total de 366 participantes de tres hospitales de Ancash (Perú) en condiciones de COVID-19 durante la segunda ola. Para la medición de las variables se utilizaron el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach, las subescalas de ansiedad/depresión de Goldberg y las subescalas de bienestar laboral de Sánchez-Cánovas. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron múltiples relaciones entre síndrome de burnout, ansiedad, depresión y bienestar laboral (p<0,05). Asimismo, estas relaciones también se presentaron considerando algunas variables sociodemográficas y laborales (p<0,05). Conclusiones: Las variables estudiadas tienen una relación significativa en el personal sanitario examinado. Con base en estos hallazgos, es posible tener una línea de base de la salud mental del personal de salud para planificar intervenciones que enfaticen aquellas variables y grupos en riesgo que requieren atención especial(AU)

Prevalence of burnout syndrome among nursing professionals in an emergency room and in an intensive care unit / Síndrome de burnout em profissionais de enfermagem de unidade de pronto atendimento e de terapia intensiva

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the presence of burnout syndrome among nursing professionals in the emergency room and intensive care unit for adults of the University Hospital of Maringá. Methods: This is an exploratory and descriptive research study with a quantitative approach. It was developed by applying a questionnaire containing 22 questions from the Maslach Burnout Inventory instrument, which identifies the symptomatology dimensions of the burnout syndrome. Data analysis of the Maslach Burnout Inventory instrument was performed by adding up each dimension (Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization and Professional Fulfillment) of each questionnaire separately, according to the nursing professional's answers to each question. The values obtained were compared to the reference values of the Nucleus for Advanced Studies on Burnout Syndrome. Results: It was found that 31.36% of the nursing professionals at the University Hospital of Maringá emergency room had high Emotional Exhaustion, 30.92% had low Professional Fulfillment, and 39.25% had high Depersonalization. Regarding the nursing professionals in the Intensive Care Unit for Adults, 36.36% had high Emotional Exhaustion, 36.36% had low Professional Fulfillment, and 22.73% had high Depersonalization. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Intensive Care Unit for Adults in the morning shift is the highest stressor and with a greater probability of the professionals developing burnout syndrome.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a existência da síndrome de burnout entre os profissionais de enfermagem de pronto atendimento e unidade de terapia intensiva adulto do Hospital Universitário de Maringá. Métodos: Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e de abordagem quantitativa. O estudo foi desenvolvido por meio da aplicação de um questionário contendo 22 questões do instrumento Maslach Burnout Inventory, o qual identifica as dimensões sintomatológicas da síndrome de burnout. A análise dos dados do instrumento Maslach Burnout Inventory foi realizada por meio do somatório de cada dimensão (exaustão emocional, despersonalização e realização profissional) de cada questionário, separadamente, de acordo com as respostas que o profissional de enfermagem respondeu em cada questão. Os valores obtidos foram comparados com os valores de referência do Núcleo de Estudos Avançados sobre a Síndrome de Burnout. Resultados: Constatou-se que 31,36% dos profissionais de enfermagem do pronto atendimento do Hospital Universitário de Maringá apresentaram alta exaustão emocional, 30,92%, baixa realização profissional e 39,25%, alta despersonalização. Com relação aos profissionais de enfermagem da unidade de terapia intensiva adulto, 36,36% apresentaram alta exaustão emocional, 36,36%, baixa realização profissional e 22,73%, apresentaram alta despersonalização. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que o setor de unidade de terapia intensiva adulto do período matutino é o maior estressor e com maior probabilidade de os profissionais desenvolverem a síndrome de burnout.

Síndrome de Burnout y desempeño laboral del personal de salud durante la pandemia COVID 19 / Burnout syndrome and work performance of health personnel during the COVID 19 pandemic

La investigación tiene como objetivo contrastar el síndrome de Burnout con el desempeño laboral en el contexto del Covid-19. Se desarrolla un estudio descriptivo transversal de tipo cuantitativo, se utilizan dos encuestas validadas: escala de Maslach Burnout Inventory y desempeño laboral, la población corresponde al personal de salud que labora en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Los resultados determinan que existe mediana prevalencia en padecer síndrome de burnout en relación al desempeño laboral, el mayor porcentaje se encuentra con una evaluación alta caracterizando a los profesionales casados con un mejor desempeño laboral que los solteros, la mayor fuerza laboral se sitúa en la población adulta madura en rangos de 30 a 40 años, se obtiene correlación significativa entre el síndrome de burnout y desempeño laboral, no existe relación significativa entre las variables sociodemográficas y el síndrome de burnout.

The objective of the research is to contrast the Burnout syndrome with work performance in the context of Covid-19. A cross-sectional descriptive study of quantitative type is developed using two validated surveys: the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale and work performance, the population corresponds to health personnel who work in the intensive care unit. The results determine that there is a medium prevalence of suffering from burnout syndrome in relation to work performance, the highest percentage is found with a high evaluation, characterizing married professionals with better work performance than single ones, the highest workforce is located in the mature adult population in the 30 to 40 years age range, there is a significant correlation between burnout syndrome and work performance, there is no significant relationship between sociodemographic variables and burnout syndrome.

Relación entre síndrome de Burnout y riesgo psicosocial intralaboral en profesionales sociales / Relationship Between Burnout Syndrome and Psychosocial Risk Within the Workplace in Social Professionals

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar la relación existente entre el síndrome de burnout y las condiciones de riesgo psicosocial intralaboral en profesionales del área social. En relación con la metodología, se realizó un diseño no experimental de corte transversal de alcance correlacional, para una muestra no probabilística de 76 profesionales. El plan de análisis de datos se desarrolló a partir de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados indicaron que existieron relaciones significativas entre las demandas de trabajo, el control sobre el trabajo y las recompensas con el dominio de desgaste emocional, así como entre las demandas de trabajo y el dominio de despersonalización en el síndrome de burnout. Estas relaciones, al ser significativas, aportan al modelo de ecuaciones estructurales donde se logra establecer que existe una relación entre las variables de estudio y que el riesgo psicosocial intralaboral explica el burnout en un 47.8 %. Este porcentaje es conducente con la importancia de las variables de los modelos teóricos de estrés y estrés crónico (desequilibrio esfuerzo-recompensa, demanda, control y apoyo social y desgaste emocional).

Abstract The objective of this research was to identify the relationship between burnout syndrome and psychosocial risk conditions within the workplace in social professionals. Concerning the methodology, a non‑experimental cross‑sectional design of correlational scope was carried out for a non‑probabilistic sample of 76 professionals. The data analysis plan was developed from a structural equations model. The results indicated that there were significant relationships between work demands, control over work, and rewards with the emotional burnout domain, as well as between work demands and the depersonalization domain in the burnout syndrome. These relationships, being significant, contribute to the structural equations model where it is possible to establish, in the first place, that there is a relationship between the study variables, and that psychosocial risk within the workplace explains burnout in 47.8%. This percentage is consistent with the importance of the variables of the theoretical models of stress and chronic stress (effort‑reward imbalance, demand, control and social support, and emotional exhaustion).

Agotamiento psicológico en cuidadores de personas con discapacidad / Psychological exhaustion in carers of disability people

Introducción: La Organización Mundial de la Salud estima que, a escala mundial, 15 % de la población vive con alguna forma de discapacidad, pero se espera un aumento de su prevalencia. Objetivo: Determinar los niveles de agotamiento psicológico o síndrome de burnout en los cuidadores familiares de personas con discapacidad, vinculadas a un proyecto de atención comunitaria. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 150 cuidadores familiares de personas con discapacidad, quienes contaban con el apoyo de la Fundación de Atención y Desarrollo Integral a la Niña, Niño, Adolescente y la Familia, radicada en la ciudad de Portoviejo, provincia de Manabí, Ecuador, desde enero hasta mayo del 2019. Para determinar el nivel de agotamiento psicológico se utilizó el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory, que consta de 22 ítems divididos en 3 subescalas: agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y realización personal en el trabajo. También se registraron datos como sexo, procedencia y tipo de discapacidad. Resultados: Predominó el sexo femenino (121 para 80,6 %). El agotamiento psicológico resultó de medio a alto en más de 70,0 % de los cuidadores y el componente cansancio emocional alto fue el más frecuente, seguido de la despersonalización. La realización personal se consideró de baja a media en más de 85,0 % de los encuestados. Conclusiones: Se constató una tendencia al incremento del cansancio emocional en cuidadores de personas con discapacidad, lo cual pudo asociarse con el tipo de minusvalía presente.

Introduction: The Health World Organization estimates that, worldwide, the 15 % of the population lives with some form of disability, but an increase of its prevalence is expected. Objective: To determine the levels of psychological exhaustion or burnout syndrome in the family caregiver of disabled people, linked to a project of community care. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 150 family caregiver of disabled people was carried out. They had the support of the Foundation of Integral Care and Development to the Girl, Boy, Adolescent and Family, settled in Portoviejo city, Manabí province, Ecuador, from January to May, 2019. To determine the level of psychological exhaustion the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire was used that consists of 22 articles divided into 3 subscales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal realization at work. They also registered data as sex, origin and type of disability. Results: There was a prevalence of the female sex (121 for 80.6 %). The psychological exhaustion was from mean to high in more than 70.0 % of the caregiver and the high emotional fatigue component was the most frequent, followed by depersonalization. The personal realization was considered from low to mean in more than 85.0 % of those interviewed. Conclusions: A tendency to the increment of the emotional fatigue in caregiver of people with disability was verified, which could be associated with the type of disability.