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@#Indocyanine green (ICG) is a fluorescence indicator characterized by low trauma, a long effect time, low cytotoxicity, and high imaging resolution. It has been widely used in biomedical applications. However, ICG is not widely used in the treatment of oral cancer. This article reviews the application of ICG in the diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer. The results of a literature review showed that in the diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer, ICG mainly plays a role through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of fluorescent substances and in coupling with various tumor-specific antibodies. For tumor visualization, ICG can focus on the primary tumor and lymph node metastasis by coupling the specific tumor antibodies and the EPR effect to guide the complete resection of the primary tumor and the determination of neck lymphadenectomy. In the reconstruction of the oral, head and neck regions, semi-quantitative measurement of ICG fluorescence intensity can be used to design a guide for a vascularized flap during the operation, for early detection of flap crisis after the operation, and to guide clinical flap exploration opportunities. In nonsurgical treatments of oral cancer, such as photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy, ICG, as an important component of photosensitive nanomaterials, has attracted the attention of many scholars. ICG has good application prospects in the resection, reconstruction, visualization and nonsurgical treatment of oral cancer.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical effect of radiofrequency ablation (RF) combined with digital subtraction angiography (DSA)-guided percutaneous ethanol injection sclerotherapy in the management of high-return flow venous malformation (VM).Methods Forty-one patients,who were diagnosed as high-return flow VM with clinical and radiographic evidence,were divided into the observation group (n=19) and the control group (n=22) using a random number table.All high-return flow VM patients received DSA-guided percutaneous ethanol injection sclerotherapy while the patients in observation group were given radiofrequency ablation.The clinical effect,treatment times and adverse effect of the two groups were analyzed.Results The effectiveness of the observation group was significantly higher than those of the control group [94.7％ (18/19) vs 81.8％ (18/22)].The facial paralysis occurred in three patients (13.6％) after ethanol injection in the control group,while the observation group had no facial nerve injury after treatment.The patients in observation group had significantly fewer numbers of ethanol injection.Conclusions RF can improve the efficacy of high-return flow VM and reduce the number of ethanol injection.The scheme is safe and effective.