ABSTRACT
A AIDS é considerada um grave problema de saúde pública e se caracteriza por ser uma epidemia global com rápida evolução da sua sintomatologia. Os aconselhamentos realizados nos Centros de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA) visam à reflexão sobre o HIV e a AIDS e do estigma de se viver com o vírus, bem como, verificar a funcionalidade dos pensamentos e crenças sobre o HIV/AIDS. A teoria cognitiva afirma que não são os fatos em si que causam sofrimento nas pessoas, mas sim a forma como estes são interpretados, que geram cognições distorcidas sobre os mesmos. Assim, os comportamentos dos indivíduos tendem a confirmar pensamentos e sentimentos associados a esta forma de interpretar as situações, as crenças. Este estudo tem por fim analisar os pensamentos automáticos e crenças centrais mais frequentemente relacionados ao HIV/AIDS em indivíduos soropositivos a partir de uma revisão crítica da literatura de caráter opinativo...
AIDS is considered a serious problem of public health, characterized by being a global epidemic that presents a fast evolution of its symptomatology. The counseling practiced at the Centers of Testing and Counseling (CTA) aim to reflect about HIV and AIDS and the stigma of living with the virus, as verify the functionality of the thoughts and beliefs about HIV/AIDS. The cognivite theory ratifies that there are not the facts that cause suffering to the people, but the way they are interpreted, that generate distorted cognitions about them. Therefore, individuals' behaviors tend to confirm thoughts and feelings associated to this way of understand the situations, the beliefs. This study purposes to analyze the automatic thoughts and central beliefs most frequently related to HIV/AIDS on seropositive individuals, from a critical review of the literature opinionated character...
SIDA se considera un grave problema de salud pública y se caracteriza por ser una epidemia mundial con una rápida evolución de sus síntomas. El asesoramiento realizado en centros de asesoramiento y pruebas (ATC) san destinados a la reflexión sobre el VIH y el SIDA y el estigma de vivir con el virus, así como verificar la funcionalidad de los pensamientos y creencias sobre el VIH /SIDA. La teoría cognitiva afirma que hay hechos en sí mismos que hacen que la gente sufre, pero la forma en que se interpretan, la generación de cogniciones distorsionadas sobre ellos. Por lo tanto, el comportamiento de los individuos tienden a confirmar pensamientos y sentimientos asociados a esta forma de interpretar las situaciones, creencias. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los pensamientos automáticos y creencias centrales más a menudo relacionados con el VIH /SIDA en los individuos seropositivos a partir de una revisión crítica del carácter obstinado literatura...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , HIV , Thinking , HIV Seropositivity , Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeABSTRACT
Background: Helminth infections are widely spread around the world and constitute a major public health problem. They present one of the most common parasitic infections worldwide with a greater proportion occurring in the less developed areas of the world like Sub-Saharan Africa. This area has the highest regional prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the world. Due to the overlapping geographical distribution of these infections, coinfection between helminths and HIV are likely to be common. Little has been reported on the relationship between HIV status and the presence of these parasites in Dschang. Aim: This study was undertaken to determine and compare prevalence and intensity of helminth infections between Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) infected (seropositives) or non infected (seronegatives) patients. Methods: Patients were recruited using the registration number at their arrival in the District and Saint Vincent de Paul hospitals of Dschang. For each subject, stool and blood samples were collected. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of stool samples were carried out using Willis and McMaster techniques respectively. As for serological analysis of HIV/AIDS, the test was done using DETERMINE HIV1/HIV2 rapid test and IMMUNOCOMB test for confirmation. Results: Five hundred and seventy (570) patients were recruited following inclusion criteria. One hundred and seven (107) were seropositives and four hundred and sixty three (463) seronegatives. The overall prevalence of helminthic infections was 23.11%. Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, hookworm and Capillaria hepatica were found with respective prevalences of 10.9%, 6.8%, 3.2% and 0.2%. The general prevalences were 10.28% and 20.73% for HIV seropositives and seronegatives respectively. The mean intensities of infection were 182.25±566.12, 130.95±153.79, 91.66±104.67 and 50±0.00 epg for A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, hookworm and C. hepatica respectively. In seropositives, these values were 50±0.00, 68.75±88.30, 50±0.00 and 0±0.00 epg while in seronegatives; they were 282.41±831.46, 145.59±167.59, 94.11±107.35 and 50±0.00 epg for A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, hookworm and C. hepatica, respectively. Seropositives were statistically significant (p<0.05) less infected with helminths than seronegatives. Elsewhere, the mean intensities of infection were lower in seropositives than in seronegatives. Conclusion: The prevalence and parasite loads are fewer in seropositives than in seronegatives. Therefore, harboring HIV is not associated with increasing in helminths prevalence.