Perceived Risk of Contracting HIV and AIDS among Sexually Active Unmarried Young People in Zambia

The paper explored gender differences in factors affecting perceived risk of contracting HIV and AIDS among sexually active unmarried young people in Zambia. The data used was from the Zambia Demographic Health Survey (2013-2014), logistic regression analysis was used to identify the gender differences in perceived risk of acquiring HIV and AIDS. The study revealed that 61% of females and 64.4% of males reported low perceived risk of contracting HIV and 16.5% of females and 16.6% of males reported having a high risk of getting HIV/AIDS. Logistic regression analysis also identified wealth index, exposure to media, having had STDs in the last 12 months, consistent use of condoms with all partners and drinking alcohol as strong predictors of respondent’s likelihood of low risk perception of contracting HIV and AIDS. The analysis further indicated that females who used condoms consistently with all partners were 1.2 times more likely to report being at low risk of contracting HIV and AIDS. This suggests that interventions that seek to reduce the rate of HIV infection may need to focus on increasing risk perception among young people as a protective factor.

Infecção do trato urinário em mulheres com vida sexual ativa / Urinary tract infection in women with active sex life

As infecções do trato urinário (ITUs) estão entre as queixas mais frequentes em consultas de atendimento primário, principalmente entre mulheres. As ITUs ocorrem em 1% a 3% das meninas em idade escolar, com aumento acentuado da incidência com o início da atividade sexual. Calcula-se uma incidência anual de 7% em mulheres de todas as idades, atingindo um pico máximo entre 15 e 24 anos de idade e entre mulheres com mais de 65 anos. Escherichia coli e Staphylococcus saprophyticus estão envolvidos em cerca de 80% das infecções urinárias não complicadas encontradas na população. O aumento da resistência aos antibióticos reforça a necessidade da escolha do medicamento com o auxílio de cultura e sensibilidade bacterianas. A profilaxia da ITU está recomendada em determinados casos, principalmente em mulheres que apresentam recorrência; dentre elas estão as sexualmente ativas.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common complaint in primary care appointment, mainly for women. UTI occurs between 1% and 3% of school-age children with increasing incidence due to the beginning of sexual life. It is estimated an incidence of 7% in women of all ages reaching the highest peak between the ages of 15-24 and more than 65 years old. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus are involved in about 80% of uncomplicated urinary infections in population. The increasing antibiotic resistance supports the necessity of medicament choice with bacterial culture and sensitivity assistance. Prophylaxis for urinary tract infections (UTIs) is recommended in some cases, mainly for women who show recurrence; among those that are sexually active.

Study of the causes of vaginal discharge among sexually active females in age group of 20-45 years: A hospital based study in B.P.S. Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, District Sonipat, Haryana, India.

Background: Vaginal discharge is a common symptom of genital infection in woman. Identifying its source can be challenging as large number of pathogens causes vaginal and cervical infection and several other infections may coexist. Aim: To find out the possible causes of vaginal infection in sexually active woman. Material and methods: One hundred sexually active females in the age group of 20-45 years with complaints of vaginal discharge were selected for the study. A detailed clinical history and a thorough clinical examination were carried out. After making the clinical diagnosis appropriate test for diagnosing candidiasis, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea and bacterial vaginosis were done. Results: The present study showed 34% incidence of bacterial Vaginosis,30% vulvo -veginal candidiasis, 14% trichomoniasis, 2% gonorrhea, 2% normal physiological discharge and 18% non specific urogenital infections. Conclusion: Every patient, who complains of vaginal discharge, should be thoroughly interrogated, examined and investigated properly.