Entre paradas e movimentos: uma revisão teórica a respeito do silêncio em psicanálise / Between stops and movements: a theoretical review of silence in psychoanalysis / Entre arrêts et mouvements: une revue littéraire du silence en psychanalyse / Entre paradas y movimientos: una revisión teórica sobre el silencio en el psicoanálisis

Em um contexto clínico, existem diversos tipos de silêncio, próprios de cada análise e presentes de diferentes formas no processo analítico. Este artigo visa realizar uma revisão teórica a respeito do silêncio na literatura psicanalítica. Pretende, também, transitar por reflexões existentes na psicanálise acerca de um silêncio específico: silêncio com potência de movimento e função criadora no processo de análise. A partir da revisão realizada, percebe-se que o silêncio na clínica psicanalítica pode ser pensado a partir do silêncio do paciente, do analista ou em seu aspecto intersubjetivo, ou seja, relacional. A revisão da palavra "silêncio" na obra freudiana abre espaço para pensar a presença intrínseca, porém, coadjuvante, do silêncio na psicanálise desde suas origens. A pesquisa também possibilita ampliar o entendimento do silêncio para além de seu aspecto resistencial. Ilumina os aspectos produtivos e potentes desse conceito em psicanálise e no trabalho analítico

Silence presents many forms within a clinical context, specific to each case and presenting in different ways during the analytical process. This theoretical review of the psychoanalytic literature on silence seeks to push forward psychoanalysis reflections about silence imbued with the power of movement and a creative function. Silence in clinical psychoanalysis can be considered from the perspective of the patient, the analyst, or the relationship, i.e., its intersubjective aspect. A review of the word "silence" within Freud's work allows us to reflect on the intrinsic but supporting presence of silence in psychoanalysis since its origins , expanding the understanding of silence beyond resistance. It clarifies the productive and potent aspects of this concept in psychoanalysis and the analytical process

Le silence se présente sous de nombreuses formes dans un contexte clinique, spécifique à chaque cas et se manifestant de différentes manières au cours du processus analytique. Cette revue théorique de la littérature psychanalytique sur le silence cherche à parcourir les réflexions existantes en psychanalyse sur le silence doté de puissance de mouvement et de fonction créatrice. Le silence dans la clinique psychanalytique peut être conçu du point de vue du patient, de l'analyste ou de son aspect inter-subjectif, c'est-à-dire relationnel. Un examen du mot silence chez Freud nous permet de réfléchir à la présence intrinsèque, bien que secondaire, du silence au sein de la psychanalyse depuis ses origines, en élargissant la compréhension du silence au-delà de la résistance. Elle met également en évidence les aspects productifs et puissants du concept de silence en psychanalyse et dans le travail analytique

En un contexto clínico, existen varios tipos de silencio, específicos para cada análisis y presentes de diferentes maneras en el proceso analítico. Este artículo se propone realizar una revisión teórica sobre el silencio en la literatura psicoanalítica. También tiene como objetivo avanzar a través de las reflexiones existentes en el psicoanálisis sobre un silencio específico: el silencio con el poder del movimiento y la función creativa en el trabajo de análisis. De la revisión realizada, queda claro que el silencio en la clínica psicoanalítica puede pensarse desde el silencio del paciente, el analista o en su aspecto intersubjetivo, es decir, relacional. La revisión de la palabra silencio dentro del trabajo freudiano llevado a cabo en la investigación abre el espacio para pensar sobre la presencia intrínseca, pero de apoyo, del silencio dentro del psicoanálisis desde sus orígenes. La investigación también permite ampliar la comprensión del silencio más allá de su aspecto resistivo. Ilumina los aspectos productivos y potentes de este concepto en el psicoanálisis y el trabajo analítico

Effect of SIRT1 regulating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway on sepsis-induced acute lung injury / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To investigate whether silence information regulator 1 (SIRT1) could regulate nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1 (Nrf2/HO-1) signaling pathway and its role in acute lung injury (ALI) in sepsis rats.Methods:Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (Sham group), cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) induced sepsis group (CLP group), sepsis+SIRT1 specific agonist group (CLP+SRT1720 group,10 mg/kg SRT1720 was intraperitoneally injected 2 hours before CLP), sepsis+SIRT1 specific inhibitor group (CLP+EX527 group, 10 mg/kg EX527 was intraperitoneally injected 2 hours before CLP), with 6 rats in each group. The rats were killed 24 hours after modeling and their lung tissues were taken for pathological score (Smith score), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-6, IL-1β), and SIRT1, Nrf2 and HO-1 mRNA and protein expression were detected.Results:The lung tissue of the CLP group mice was severely damaged, the alveolar interval was widened and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated, and there was visible pulmonary capillary hyperemia. The Smith score, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, MDA and 8-OHdG were significantly increased, the levels of SOD, GSH, SIRT1, Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly decreased in CLP group. After using SIRT1 specific agonist, the lung injury in CLP+SRT1720 group was significantly alleviated compared with that in CLP group, Smith score and lung tissue TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels were significantly decreased [Smith score: 2.83±0.75 vs. 5.67±0.52, TNF-α (ng/L): 36.78±5.36 vs. 66.99±5.44, IL-6 (ng/L): 23.97±3.76 vs. 45.70±4.16, IL-1β (ng/L): 16.76±1.39 vs. 39.64±2.59, all P < 0.05], SOD activity and GSH content increased [SOD (kU/g): 115.88±3.31 vs. 101.65±1.09, GSH (μmol/g): 8.42±0.81 vs. 5.74±0.46, both P < 0.05], MDA and 8-OHdG contents decreased [MDA (μmol/g): 5.24±0.33 vs. 9.86±0.66, 8-OHdG (ng/L): 405.76±8.54 vs. 647.12±10.64, both P < 0.05], the mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT1, Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased [SIRT1 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCT): 1.49±0.15 vs. 0.64±0.03, Nrf2 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCT): 1.19±0.08 vs. 0.84±0.02, HO-1 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCT): 1.80±0.41 vs. 0.64±0.11, SIRT1 protein (SIRT1/β-actin): 1.03±0.06 vs. 0.52±0.05, Nrf2 protein (Nrf2/β-actin): 1.14±0.10 vs. 0.63±0.05, HO-1 protein (HO-1/β-actin): 1.01±0.11 vs. 0.73±0.03, all P < 0.05]. The lung injury in CLP+EX527 group was more severe than that in CLP group, Smith score and lung tissue TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β levels were significantly increased [Smith score: 8.00±0.89 vs. 5.67±0.52, TNF-α (ng/L): 87.15±4.23 vs. 66.99±5.44, IL-6 (ng/L): 66.79±2.93 vs. 45.70±4.16, IL-1β (ng/L): 58.99±2.12 vs. 39.64±2.59, all P < 0.05], SOD activity and GSH content decreased [SOD (kU/g): 72.84±3.85 vs. 101.65±1.09, GSH (μmol/g): 3.30±0.67 vs. 5.74±0.46, both P < 0.05], the contents of MDA and 8-OHdG were increased [MDA (μmol/g): 14.14±0.70 vs. 9.86±0.66, 8-OHdG (ng/L): 927.66±11.47 vs. 647.12±10.64, both P < 0.05], the mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT1, Nrf2 and HO-1 were decreased [SIRT1 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCT): 0.40±0.07 vs. 0.64±0.03, Nrf2 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCT): 0.48±0.07 vs. 0.84±0.02, HO-1 mRNA (2 -ΔΔCT): 0.27±0.14 vs. 0.64±0.11, SIRT1 protein (SIRT1/β-actin): 0.20±0.05 vs. 0.52±0.05, Nrf2 protein (Nrf2/β-actin): 0.45±0.01 vs. 0.63±0.05, HO-1 protein (HO-1/β-actin): 0.36±0.08 vs. 0.73±0.03, all P < 0.05]. Conclusions:In the rat model of ALI induced by sepsis, SIRT1 can regulate the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, upregulate the expression of downstream antioxidant enzymes, reduce oxidative stress injury, and then alleviate the ALI induced by sepsis in rats.

Effect of FATP5 gene silencing on fatty hepatic cell inflammation / 中国药理学通报

Aim To determine the effect of FATP5 gene silencing on fatty hepatic cell inflammation and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Five shR-NA sequences were designed and synthesized. The efficient FATP5-shRNA was screened by the siCHECK™ system. After preparing the FATP5-shRNA lentivirus, the FATP5 gene silence hepatic cell lines was obtained by HepG2 cell infection and puromycin screening. The FATP5 silencing efficiency was detected by Western blot. Then the oleic acid induced ROS and MDA generation, TNF-a and IL-6 protein expression and secretion, and NF-kB activation in FATP5 gene silence cells were analyzed by the detection kit, Western blot, nucleo-plasmic separation and reporter gene system. Results In the gene silence cells, FATP5 protein expression was reduced by 90% and the lipid accumulation was also significantly inhibited. Moreover, the FATP5 knockdown could reduce the oleic acid induced ROS and MDA generation, and suppress the NF-kB activation, thereby inhibiting the protein expression and secretion of TNF-a and IL-6. Conclusions FATP5 gene silence inhibits fatty hepatic cell inflammation, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation.

Construction of a prediction model for postoperative prognosis in patients with resectable cholangiocarcinoma based on SIRT2 expression / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVES@#To develop a prediction model for postoperative prognosis in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) based on the expression of silence information regulator 2 (SIRT2).@*METHODS@#The differential expression of SIRT2 between CCA and normal tissues was analyzed using TCGA and GEO databases. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore potential mechanisms of SIRT2 in CCA. The expression of SIRT2 protein in CCA tissues and normal tissues (including 44 pairs of specimens) was also detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining in 89 resectable CCA patients who underwent surgical treatment in The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College between January 2016 and December 2021. The relationship between SIRT2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of CCA patients was analyzed. A survival prediction model for patients with resectable CCA was constructed with COX regression results, the calibration curve and the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) were used to evaluate the performance of the constructed model, and the predictive power between this model and the AJCC/TNM staging system (8th Edition) was compared.@*RESULTS@#SIRT2 mRNA was overexpressed in CCA tissues as shown in TCGA and GEO databases. IHC staining showed that SIRT2 protein expression in CCA tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent non-tumor tissues. GSEA results showed that elevated SIRT2 expression may be involved in multiple metabolism-related signaling pathway, such as fatty acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, amino acid metabolism, etc. SIRT2 expression level was related to serum triglycerides level, tumor size and lymph node metastasis (all P<0.05). The survival analysis results showed that the patients with higher SIRT2 expression had a significant lower overall survival (OS) than patients with lower SIRT2 expression (P<0.05). Univariate COX regression analysis suggested that pathological differentiation, clinical stage, postoperative treatment and SIRT2 expression level were associated with the prognosis of CCA patients (all P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis confirmed that clinical stage and SIRT2 expression level were independent predictors of OS in postoperative CCA patients (both P<0.05). A nomogram based on SIRT2 for prediction of survival in postoperative CCA patients was constructed. The C-index of the model was 0.675, and the area under the time-dependent ROC curve (AUC) for predicting survival in the first, second, and third years was 0.879, 0.778, and 0.953, respectively, which were superior to those of AJCC/TNM staging system (8th Edition).@*CONCLUSIONS@#SIRT2 is highly expressed in CCA tissues, which is associated with poor prognosis in patients with resectable CCA. The nomogram developed based on SIRT2 may have better predictive power than the AJCC/TNM staging system (8th Edition) in prediction of survival of postoperative CCA patients.

Escuta clínica à experiência de uma mãe enlutada em tempos de COVID-19 / Clinical listening: experience of a grieving mother in times of COVID-19 / Escucha clínica: experiencia de una madre doliente en tiempos del COVID-19

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar la dinámica de una situación clínica con una madre afligida por la muerte de su hijo víctima de COVID-19, a través de un estudio teórico-clínico basado en el método fenomenológico. Desde una perspectiva clínica con bases fenomenológicas-existenciales, mostraremos una acción psicoterapéutica en la que el dolor se entiende más allá de los criterios posicionados por el DSM-5. En la investigación fenomenológica sobre el duelo materno, el luto se entiende como algo del orden de lo ineludible y lo inconmensurable. Es con esta comprensión del afecto de los afligidos que presentaremos la dinámica de un desempeño clínico de una mujer de 50 años a la que asistió el Servicio de Psicología Aplicada de una universidad pública. Hacemos hincapié en que el silencio de la psicoterapeuta, durante el cuidado de la afligida madre, favoreció que la madre se sintiera comprendida en su dolor.

The aim of this article is to present the dynamics of a clinical situation with a mother bereaved by the death of her child victimized by COVID-19, through a theoretical-clinical study based on the phenomenological method. From the perspective and bases of the clinical phenomenological-existential, we will show a psychotherapeutic action in which grief is understood beyond the criteria positioned by the DSM-5. In phenomenological research on maternal mourning, mourning is understood as something of the order of the inescapable and the immeasurable. It is with this understanding of the affection of the bereaved that we will present the dynamics of a clinical performance of a 50-year-old woman attended by the Applied Psychology Service of a public university. We emphasize that the silence of the psychotherapist, during the care of the bereaved mother, favored that the mother felt understood in her pain.

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a dinâmica de uma situação clínica com uma mãe enlutada pela morte de seu filho vitimado pelo COVID -19, por meio de um estudo teórico-clínico pautado no método fenomenológico. Em uma perspectiva clínica com bases fenomenológico-existenciais, mostraremos uma atuação psicoterapêutica em que o luto é compreendido para além dos critérios posicionados pelo DSM-5. Nas pesquisas fenomenológicas acerca do luto materno, o luto é compreendido como algo da ordem do incontornável e do imensurável. É com essa compreensão do afeto dos enlutados que apresentaremos a dinâmica de uma atuação clínica de uma mulher de 50 anos atendida pelo Serviço de Psicologia Aplicada de uma universidade pública. Destacamos que o silêncio do psicoterapeuta, durante o atendimento da mãe enlutada, favoreceu que a mãe se sentisse compreendida em sua dor.

Silêncio, pandemia e distanciamento social: intervenções psicanalíticas em coletivos / Silence, pandemic and social distancing: psychoanalytic interventions in collectives

Resumo: Partimos do discurso do analista como vetor no convite a alunos da graduação para falarem livremente de sua experiência nesse momento de suspensão das atividades presenciais na universidade. A partir de dois dos encontros realizados, discutimos tanto os aspectos metodológicos quanto aqueles relativos ao conteúdo do que recebemos como resposta. O silêncio como resposta do coletivo a essa oferta se mostrou, nesse aspecto, em três dimensões: como ato analítico, expressão do discurso do analista; como resistência à enunciação e análise, como resposta contemporânea ao empuxo capitalista de tudo dizer ou escutar.

Abstract: We start from the analyst's discourse as a vector in the invitation to undergraduate students to speak freely about their experience at this moment of suspension of face-to-face activities at the university. From two of the meetings held, we discussed both the methodological aspects and those related to the content of what we received in response. Silence as a collective response to this offer was shown, in this respect, in three dimensions: as an analytical act, expression of the analyst's discourse; as resistance to enunciation and analysis, as a contemporary response to the capitalist push to say or listen to everything.

Le réveil et le silence en littérature et en psychanalyse / O despertar e o silêncio na literatura e na psicanálise / Awakening and silence in literature and piscanalysis

Partant du principe que la singularité de l'expérience psychanalytique, en dépit des difficultés que pose sa transmission, ne peut pas étre considérée comme ineffable vis-á- vis du mode mystique et qu'elle fait appel á la production d'un savoir non su, la conférenciére aborde les diverses modalités de l'expérience psychanalytique présentes au cours de l'analyse par rapport au silence et la maniére dont elles se précipitent vers la fin. Á cet effet, elle aborde le théme du silence sous l'angle de son rapport avec l'inconscient et avec la pulsion, á partir de la prise en compte des limites de la logique phallique, pour rendre compte du fait que, dans le symptôme, il y a un appel à ce qui est en-deçá du sens et à l'expérience de l'éveil. Elle s'appuie par ailleurs sur des témoignages littéraires pour penser la relation entre l'éveil et le silence sous l'angle de leur rapport avec la fin de l'analyse. Cette conférence a été donnée dans le cadre du 1er Colloque international de psychanalyse de l'école de psychanalyse Corpo Freudiano, intitulé « L'éveil ¼, qui s'est tenu à l'Instituto Italiano de Rio de Janeiro, du 12 au 14 avril 2007.

Partindo do pressuposto que a singularidade da experiência psicanalítica, apesar das dificuldades que oferece à sua transmissão, não pode ser tomada como inefável ao modo místico e que convoca a produção de um saber não sabido, a conferencista aborda as diferentes modalidades de experiência para como o silêncio presentes num percurso de análise e o modo como se precipitam em seu final. Para tanto, percorre a temática do silêncio em sua relação com o inconsciente e a pulsão a partir da consideração pelos limites da lógica fálica para dar conta do que, no sintoma, apela para o aquém do sentido e para a experiência do despertar. Utiliza-se, ainda, de testemunhos literários para pensar a relação entre o despertar e o silêncio em sua relação com o final de análise. A conferência foi proferida por ocasião do I Colóquio Internacional de Psicanálise do Corpo Freudiano Escola de Psicanálise: O despertar, ocorrido no Instituto Italiano na cidade do Rio de Janeiro de 12 a 14 de abril de 2007.

Long non-coding RNA DUXAP9 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To investigate the role of long non-coding RNA double homeobox A pseudogene 9 (DUXAP9) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and to evaluate the expression level, molecular function and mechanism of DUXAP9 in HNSCC cells.@*Methods@#Differential expression of lncRNAs between normal and tumor tissues in HNSCC tissues were screened using lncRNA microarray, the expression level of DUXAP9 in HNSCC tissues and its relationship with prognosis were analyzed in the TCGA database. The expression levels of DUXAP9 in HNSCC tissues and cell lines were detected using qRT-PCR. The function in HNSCC cells after DUXAP9 silencing was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay, wound healing assay, Transwell migration assay and subcutaneous xenograft assay in nude mice. Changes in the transcription and translation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells after DUXAP9 silencing were detected using qRT-PCR and Western blot.@*Results@#lncRNA microarray results showed that, compared to adjacent normal tissues, DUXAP9 was abnormally upregulated in HNSCC tissues. Analysis from TCGA database showed that, compared to HNSCC patients with low DUXAP9 expression, HNSCC patients with high DUXAP9 expression had poorer survival. The relative expression of DUXAP9 in HNSCC tissues and 4 HNSCC cell lines increased compared to paired adjacent normal tissues as detected using qRT-PCR. Silencing DUXAP9 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and expression of EMT-related genes in HNSCC cells. The silencing of DUXAP9 significantly inhibited subcutaneous tumorigenesis of the HNSCC cell line CAL27 in nude mice.@* Conclusion@#Silencing DUXAP9 significantly inhibited the proliferation of HNSCC cells and subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice. DUXAP9 may mediate the migration of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells via the EMT pathway.

Comunicación de la verdad en oncología desde la visión de la bioética médica / Communication of the truth in oncology from the perspective of medical bioethics

RESUMEN Introducción: La relación médico paciente en oncología se basa en el respeto por la vida, unido de forma constante en la aceptación de la vulnerabilidad y al reconocimiento de la inevitabilidad de la muerte. La comunicación de la verdad, particularmente cuando se trata de informar malas noticias, es una situación estresante, difícil y que demanda la adecuada preparación del personal de la salud. Objetivo: Comentar sobre los fundamentos de la comunicación de la verdad en las enfermedades oncológicas y los puntos relevantes en la relación médico paciente. Desarrollo: Comunicar la verdad entraña varios dilemas éticos en oncología y a veces la información se maneja incorrectamente por el equipo médico. El consenso es no mentir, sin normas rígidas, "ocultar la verdad" y la "conspiración del silencio"; no son del todo errados, el profesional de la salud debe respetar el derecho del paciente de estar informado y a su autonomía, lo que facilitará la toma de decisiones. La relación médico paciente ya cede el terreno a formas más personalistas de relación y el respeto a la libertad individual. Conclusiones: Los fundamentos de la comunicación de la verdad en la enfermedad oncológica, se basan en los principios de la ética y bioética médica, la verdad garantiza una comunicación transparente y enriquecedora. Los puntos relevantes de la RMP consisten en lograr la adecuada alianza terapéutica entre el médico y paciente, en la mejora de su calidad de vida.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The doctor-patient relationship in oncology is based on respect for life, constantly linked to the acceptance of vulnerability and the recognition of the inevitability of death. The communication of the truth, particularly when it comes to reporting bad news, is a stressful and difficult situation that requires the proper preparation of health personnel. Objective: To comment the fundamentals of the communication of the truth in oncological diseases and the relevant points in the doctor-patient relationship. Development: Communicating the truth involves several ethical dilemmas in oncology and sometimes the medical team handles the information incorrectly. The consensus is not to lie, without rigid rules, "hide the truth" and the "conspiracy of silence"; are not entirely wrong, the health professional must respect the patient's right to be informed and their autonomy, which will facilitate decision-making. The doctor-patient relationship is already giving way to more personal forms of relationship and respect for individual freedom. Conclusions: The fundamentals of the communication of the truth in oncological disease are based on the principles of medical ethics and bioethics, the truth guarantees a transparent and enriching communication. The relevant points of the doctor patient relationship consist of achieving the adequate therapeutic alliance between the doctor and the patient, in order to improve their quality of life.

Respuestas cerebrales al silencio: hacia una nueva forma de evaluación clínica de la audición

Resumen Nuestro cerebro tiene diferentes estados de funcionamiento, uno de ellos es la ausencia de estimulación auditiva o estado de silencio. Para evaluar la capacidad de detección de períodos de silencio auditivo se pueden utilizar diversas pruebas, incluyendo evaluaciones conductuales y electrofisiológicas. En esta última línea existen numerosos estudios que han caracterizado la respuesta cerebral al silencio mediante oscilaciones cerebrales y potenciales evocados con silencio. Esta área promete una importante aplicabilidad clínica, por ejemplo, en patologías como tinnitus, condición en la que no existe el estado de silencio, en donde se cree que la evaluación de respuestas cerebrales al silencio podría surgir como un nuevo marcador o elemento diagnóstico. En este artículo se presenta una revisión de los distintos métodos utilizados para evaluar respuestas cerebrales al silencio en modelos animales y en humanos.

Abstract The brain has different states of operation, one of them is the absence of auditory stimulation or silent states. To assess the capacity to detect auditory silent periods, various tests have been developed, including behavioral and electrophysiological evaluations. Brain responses to silence can be evaluated with brain oscillations and evoked potentials. This area promises important clinical applicability, for example, in pathologies like tinnitus, a condition in which there is no silent state, where it is believed that the evaluation of brain responses to silence could emerge as a new marker or diagnostic element. In this article we review different methods used for assessing brain responses to sound in animal models and humans.

Infâncias imigrantes, silêncios e fronteiras do cuidado em um CAPS infantojuvenil / Niñeces inmigrantes, silencios e fronteras del cuidado en un CAPS para niños y adolescentes / Immigrant childhoods, silences and frontiers of care in a CAPS for children and adolescents / Enfances immigrées, silences et limites du soin psychologique dans un CAPS pour enfants et adolescents

O trabalho aborda o cuidado em saúde mental de crianças de famílias bolivianas em um CAPS (Centro de Atenção Psicossocial) Infantojuvenil em São Paulo. Essas crianças apresentam dificuldades na aquisição da fala e na interação social, e são encaminhadas majoritariamente pelas escolas. A apresentação de vinhetas clínicas buscará articular suas histórias ao contexto de imigração, às rupturas nas transmissões familiares, vivências de desamparo e estratégias de enfrentamento de um lugar social desqualificado. Discute-se a tendência à redução de tais impasses ao diagnóstico de autismo, cristalizando uma compreensão reducionista e dificultando a diferenciação e singularização dos casos. O silêncio dessas crianças e de suas famílias é entendido como efeito dos abalos nas transmissões familiares, mas também como formas de resistência à submissão cultural e identitária.

Este trabajo tematiza la atención en salud mental de niños de familias bolivianas atendidos en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial para niños y adolescentes en São Paulo. Estos niños presentan dificultades para adquirir el habla y desarrollar la interacción social y son derivados principalmente por las escuelas. La presentación de viñetas clínicas buscará articular sus trayectorias al contexto de la inmigración, las rupturas en las transmisiones familiares, sus vivencias de desamparo y las estrategias para afrontar una posición social descalificada. Se discute la tendencia a reducir los obstáculos que se enfrentan al diagnóstico de autismo. El silencio de estos niños y sus familias se entiende tanto como resultado de los efectos del contexto migratorio como una forma de resistencia a la sumisión cultural e identitaria.

This article concerns mental health care among children from Bolivian families being attended at a Psychosocial Attention Care Center for Children and Youth in São Paulo. These children present difficulties in acquiring speech and developing social interaction and are referred principally by schools. The presentation of clinical vignettes will seek to articulate their trajectories to the context of immigration, the ruptures in family transmissions, their experiences of helplessness and the strategies they use to cope with the disqualified social position they occupy. The tendency to reduce the obstacles confronted by diagnosing such children as autistic is discussed. These children's and their families' silence is understood both as a result of the effects of the immigration context and as a form of resistance to cultural and identity submission.

Ce travail porte sur les soins psychologiques (de la santé mentale) donnés aux enfants issus de familles boliviennes dans un Centre de Soins Psychosociaux pour enfants et adolescents à São Paulo. Ces enfants ont des difficultés à acquérir la parole et à établir des liens d'interaction sociale. La présentation des vignettes cliniques porte sur l'articulation de leurs histoires avec leurs contextes migratoires et les ruptures de leurs transmissions familiales, leurs expériences d'impuissance et leurs stratégies pour affronter une place sociale dégradée. La tendance à réduire cette complexité au diagnostic de l'autisme est débattue. Le silence de ces enfants et de leurs familles est donc ici compris à la fois comme effets de leurs contextes migratoires mais aussi comme une forme de résistance à la soumission culturelle et identitaire.

Synchronous conjugation of i-motif DNA and therapeutic siRNA on the vertexes of tetrahedral DNA nanocages for efficient gene silence

The functionality of DNA biomacromolecules has been widely excavated, as therapeutic drugs, carriers, and functionalized modification derivatives. In this study, we developed a series of DNA tetrahedron nanocages (Td),

TM9SF2 promotes proliferation and metastasis of triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 / 中国药科大学学报

@#The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of transmembrane 9 superfamily protein member 2 (TM9SF2) in proliferation and migration of triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231.The expression of TM9SF2 in triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and nontumorigenic mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A were measured by Western blot. MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with siRNA-TM9SF2 to knock-down the expression of TM9SF2. The effect of silencing TM9SF2 was measured with Western blot.The proliferation of cells was tested by MTS,and the migration was measured with Transwell and wound-healing assay.Proteins related to proliferation (PI3K,AKT,SRC and ERK) and migration (Snail,Slug and N-cadherin) were measured with Western blot.Protein expressions of TM9SF2 was better improved in triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line than MCF-10A.Compared with the control group, the siRNA-TM9SF2 infected group had lower expressions of PI3K, Snail, Slug and N-cadherin, and at the same time phosphorylation of AKT was decreased. The results suggest TM9SF2 can promote the proliferation and metastasis of triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line.

Clinical effect of Senling Baizhu san on patients with sarcopenia / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of Senling Baizhu san (SLBZS) on patients with sarcopenia.Methods:Eighty patients with spleen-stomach weakness sarcopenia admitted to the department of geriatrics of Hangzhou Third People's Hospital from January 2018 to March 2020 were enrolled. The patients were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, 40 cases in each group. All patients were treated with conventional Western medicine, and the observation group was treated with SLBZS 100 mL, twice a day, on the basis of conventional Western medicine. The course of the treatments was 12 weeks. Grip strength and walking speed were recorded before and after treatment, and appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI) was calculated. The serum levels of silence infor-mation regulator 1 (SIRT1), growth differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8) and insulin-like rowth factor-1 (IGF-1) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression of AMP-activated protein kinase-α (AMPK-α) in serum was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).Results:Compared with before treatment, grip strength, ASMI, IGF-1, SIRT1 and AMPK-α mRNA in both groups were significantly increased after treatment, while GDF-8 was significantly decreased. The changes of above indexes in the observation group were more significant than those in the control group after treatment [grip strength (kg): 20.00 (15.50, 21.00) vs. 18.20 (14.93, 19.50), ASMI (kg/m 2): 5.80 (5.25, 6.00) vs. 5.30 (5.20, 5.50), IGF-1 (μg/L): 246.00 (229.00, 259.50) vs. 207.00 (187.00, 233.00), SIRT1 (ng/L): 649.2±38.3 vs. 624.6±38.6, AMPK-α mRNA (2 -ΔΔCt): 0.30±0.03 vs. 0.27±0.03, GDF-8 (μg/L): 13.50 (12.00, 17.80) vs. 15.60 (14.08, 19.98), all P < 0.05]. There was no significant difference in walking speed between the two groups before and after treatment [0.56 (0.53, 0.62) m/s and 0.58 (0.55, 0.62) m/s in the control group before and after treatment, 0.58 (0.54, 0.64) m/s and 0.60 (0.56, 0.65) m/s in the observation group before and after treatment, both P > 0.05]. Spearman correlation analysis showed that IGF-1 was positively correlated with SIRT1 ( r = 0.341, P = 0.002), IGF-1 was positively correlated with walking speed ( r = 0.250, P = 0.026), and ASMI was positively correlated with grip strength ( r = 0.367, P = 0.001). Conclusion:On the basis of conventional Western medicine, SLBZS has a remarkable effect on patients with sarcopenia of spleen-stomach weakness, which can provide a new idea of combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine for the treatment of sarcopenia.

Effect of Huluan Decoction on SIRT1/NF-κB/p53/p21 Pathway in Model Mice with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effects of Huluan decoction on the expression of apoptosis-related protein silence information regulator 1 （SIRT1）， tumor suppressor gene （p53）， acetylated p53 （Ac-p53）， cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor （p21）， and nuclear factor-<italic>κ</italic>B （NF-<italic>κ</italic>B） p65 and changes in ovarian tissue structure of a mouse model with premature ovarian insufficiency （POI） induced by tripterygium glycosides. Method:Fifty female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the blank group， model group， low- and high-dose Huluan decoction groups， and western medicine （estradiol valerate） group. After intragastric administration of tripterygium glycosides at 80 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 for 14 successive days， mice in the low- and high-dose Huluan decoction groups and western medicine group were treated with Huluan decoction at 1.6 g·kg^-1·d^-1 and 6.2 g·kg^-1·d^-1 and estradiol valerate at 0.13 mg·kg^-1·d^-1， respectively， by gavage since the 15^th day， while those in the blank group were provided with an equal amount of distilled water for 21 consecutive days. Following the last administration， the blood was sampled for detecting the levels of serum anti-Müllerian hormone （AMH）， follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， and luteinizing hormone （LH） by ELISA and the ovary was harvested for observing the morphological changes by HE staining. The mRNA expression levels of p53 and p21 were measured by Real-time polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， and the protein expression levels of SIRT1， p53， p21， Ac-p53， NF-<italic>κ</italic>B were assayed by Western blot. Result:Compared with the blank group， the model group exhibited a disordered estrous cycle， diminished ovarian volume， decreased number of follicles at various developmental stages， reduced AMH， and elevated FSH and LH， and elevated p53，p21，Ac-p53，NF-<italic>κ</italic>B protein expression and p53，p21 mRNA， reduced SIRT1 protein expression（<italic>P</italic><0.01）. As revealed by the comparison with the model group， each medication group displayed an increased number of follicles， elevated AMH， reduced FSH and LH （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， up-regulated SIRT1 protein expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and significantly down-regulated mRNA and protein expression of aging-related genes p53， p21， and down-regulated Ac-p53，NF-<italic>κ</italic>B protein expression （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:Huluan decoction significantly reverses the aging process and improves ovarian function possibly by boosting the activity of SIRT1/NF-<italic>κ</italic>B/p53/p21 pathway in ovarian cells， changing the apoptotic state， increasing the growing and mature follicles， and reducing the atretic follicles.

Progress on mitochondrial silence information regulator family in epilepsy / 浙江大学学报·医学版

SIRT3, SIRT4 and SIRT5 are located in mitochondria and also known as mitochondrial sirtuins. They play important roles in regulating many cellular functions including cell survival, cell cycle or apoptosis, DNA repair and metabolism. Mitochondrial sirtuins are involved in the protection of mitochondrial integrity and energy metabolism under stress regulating the expression of neurotransmitter receptors, neurotrophins, extracellular matrix proteins and various transcription factors, thus involved in epileptogenesis triggered by both genetic or acquired factors. Here we review research progress on the actions of mitochondrial sirtuin in epilepsy; and discuss the challenges and perspectives of mitochondrial sirtuin as a potential therapeutic target for epilepsy.

Advances in the role of silence information regulator family in pathological pregnancy / 浙江大学学报·医学版

Aberrant maternal inflammation and oxidative stress are the two main mechanisms of pathological pregnancy. The silence information regulator (sirtuin) family is a highly conserved family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacylases. By regulating the post-translational modification of proteins, sirtuin is involved in various biological processes including oxidative stress and inflammation. Nowadays, emerging evidence indicates that sirtuin may be closely related to the occurrence and development of pathological pregnancy. The down-regulation of sirtuin can cause spontaneous preterm delivery by promoting uterine contraction and rupture of fetal membranes, cause gestational diabetes mellitus through promoting oxidative stress and affecting the activity of key enzymes in glucose metabolism, cause preeclampsia by reducing the proliferation and invasion ability of trophoblasts, cause intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy by promoting the production of bile acids and T helper 1 cell (Th1) cytokines, and cause intrauterine growth restriction through inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, the expression and activation of sirtuin can be modulated through dietary interventions, thus sirtuin is expected to become a new target for the prevention and treatment of pregnancy complications. This article reviews the role of the sirtuin family in the occurrence and development of pathological pregnancy and its influence on the development of the offspring.

Educación, generosidad, ecología y silencio: hacia una didáctica de la salud y el bienestar en las aulas del siglo XXI / Education, Generosity, Ecology and Silence: Towards an Education for Health and Wellbeing in the Classrooms of the 21st Century

Resumen Con el presente artículo, pretendemos adentrarnos en la reflexión de cómo diversos aspectos tales como la generosidad, la ecología y el silencio pueden impactar positivamente en los discentes de nuestros sistemas educativos. Se propone, por tanto, una manera de mirar el mundo con atención y cuidado. A través de las intervenciones didácticas de los docentes, se puede incidir de manera directa en los discentes como "usuarios" del mundo como seres sociales para mantener una influencia im- portante en el futuro de nuestro planeta y de nuestras sociedades. Al fin y al cabo, el docente, como elemento activo de los contenidos educativos, puede contribuir de manera consciente para mejorar la salud social y el bienestar de las comunidades humanas en nuestra época. Por tanto, resulta esencial que los procesos didácticos respondan a unos diseños que se centren en aspectos que redundarán en mejores individuos, mejores sistemas sociales y una ecología más equilibrada para todos.

Abstract: With the present paper, we intend to reflect on how aspects such as generosity, ecology and silence can have a positive impact on the students within our educational systems. A way to look at the world with care and attention is thus proposed. Through the teaching interventions carried out, the teachers can intervene in the learners as "users" of the world, as social beings, and therefore have an important influence on the future of our planet and our societies. In the end, the teacher, as an active element in the educational contents, can contribute in a conscious way to improve the social health and the wellbeing of the human communities in our age. Therefore, it is essential for the teaching processes to account for aspects which will create better individuals, better social systems and a more balanced ecology for everybody.

O tempo eróptico: algumas notas sobre o mal-estar do silêncio e as respostas na contemporaneidade / The eroptic time: some notes on the malaise of silence and the answers in contemporary times / El tiempo eróptico: algunas notas sobre el malestar del silencio y las respuestas en los tiempos contemporáneos / Le temps eroptique: quelques notes sur le malaise du silence et les réponses à l'époque contemporaine

Este artigo propõe olhar para o sofrimento psíquico contemporâneo. Para isso, o percurso feito pela psicopatologia desde o século XVII é revisitado, nele se destacando o impacto promovido por Freud, que passou da ausculta para a escuta das vozes falando dos conflitos neuróticos que desafiavam a anatomia e a fisiologia médica. A psicanálise se dá na relação com a cultura. Como pensar a psicopatologia hoje? Na clínica psicanalítica atual, a infelicidade neurótica divide espaço com outros sofrimentos, como, por exemplo, as várias formas de adição química, comportamentos workaholic, vício digital, descontrole no uso dos cartões de crédito, transtornos alimentares e manifestações psicossomáticas, além de respostas erópticas em uma modalidade selfie do existir. Propõe-se que um dos articuladores dessas ocorrências possa ser um estado de mal-estar do silêncio, próprio da contemporaneidade, que produz ruídos para ensurdecer a experiência do estar-em-si.

This article proposes to look at contemporary psychological suffering. To this end, the path taken by psychopathology since the 17th century is revisited, highlighting the impact promoted by Freud, who went from auscultation to listening to the voices that spoke of neurotic conflicts that defied anatomy and medical physiology. Psychoanalysis takes place in relation to culture. How to think about psychopathology today? In the current psychoanalytic clinic, neurotic unhappiness shares space with other sufferings such as the various forms of chemical addiction, workaholic behaviors, digital addiction, uncontrolled use of credit cards, eating disorders and psychosomatic manifestations in addition to eroptic responses in a selfie mode of existence. It is proposed that one of the articulators of these occurrences may be a state of malaise of silence, typical of contemporary times, which produces noises to deafen the experience of being-in-itself.

Este artículo propone mirar el sufrimiento psicológico contemporáneo. Con este fin, se revisa el camino tomado por la psicopatologia desde el siglo XVII, destacando el impacto promovido por Freud, que pasó de la auscultación a escuchar las voces que hablaban de conflictos neuróticos que desafiaban la anatomía y la fisiología médica. El psicoanálisis tiene lugar en relación con la cultura. ¿Cómo pensar hoy en psicopatología? En la clínica psicoanalítica actual, la infelicidad neurótica comparte espacio con otros sufrimientos, como las diversas formas de adicción química, comportamientos de adicción al trabajo, adicción digital, uso descontrolado de tarjetas de crédito, trastornos alimentarios y manifestaciones psicosomáticas, además de respuestas erópticas en un modo selfie de la existencia. Se propone que uno de los articuladores de estos acontecimientos puede ser un estado de malestar del silencio, típico de los tiempos contemporáneos, que produce ruidos para ensordecer la experiencia del ser en sí mismo.

Cet article propose d'examiner la souffrance psychologique contemporaine. À cette fin, le chemin emprunté par la psychopathologie depuis le XVIIe siècle est revisité, mettant en évidence l'impact promu par Freud, qui est passé de l'auscultation à l'écoute des voix qui parlaient de conflits névrotiques qui défiaient l'anatomie et la physiologie médicale. La psychanalyse a lieu par rapport à la culture. Comment penser la psychopathologie aujourd'hui ? Dans la clinique psychanalytique actuelle, le malheur névrotique partage l'espace avec d'autres souffrances telles que les diverses formes de dépendance chimique, les comportements de bourreau de travail, la dépendance numérique, l'utilisation incontrôlée de cartes de crédit, les troubles de l'alimentation et les manifestations psychosomatiques en plus des réponses éroptiques en mode selfie de la existence. Il est proposé que l'un des articula-teurs de ces événements puisse être un état de malaise du silence, typique de l'époque contemporaine, qui produit des bruits pour assourdir l'expérience d'être en soi.

Entre o debate público e o silêncio: análise da cobertura jornalística online sobre a questão do suicídio de adolescentes e jovens negros no Brasil / Between public debate and silence: analysis of online journalist coverage about the suicide of black teenagers and youth in Brazil / Entre debate público y silencio: análisis de la cobertura periodística online sobre el tema del suicidio de adolescentes y jóvenes en Brasil

Este artigo objetiva analisar o fomento do debate público promovido pela cobertura jornalística on-line sobre a questão do suicídio de adolescentes e jovens negros no Brasil. Para isso, foram selecionadas três reportagens de três veículos de comunicação: G1 ­ Ciência e Saúde (ligado às Organizações Globo), Nexo (jornal digital independente) e o Alma Preta (agência de jornalismo especializada na temática étnica do Brasil). Com o uso de teorias sobre prática jornalística, opinião pública e silêncio, além do emprego da hermenêutica de profundidade, este estudo concluiu que a mídia não promove integralmente o debate público sobre a questão. O G1 ­ Ciência e Saúde reproduziu o discurso da mídia hegemônica, não dando voz para os negros; o Nexo foi o jornal que tratou o tema de forma mais completa, com uso de dados e fontes, sendo negra uma delas; e o Alma Preta foi o que menos abriu espaço para identificação do público negro, com a ausência de fontes e falta de representação.

This article aims to analyze the public debate at online journalistic coverage on the issue of suicide among black teenagers and young people in Brazil. For this, three news from three media were selected: G1 Ciência e Saúde (linked to Globo Organizations), Nexo (independent digital newspaper) and Alma Preta (journalism agency specializing in ethnic issues in Brazil). Using theories of journalistic practice, public opinion and silence, as well as the use of deep hermeneutics, this study concluded that the media does not fully promote public debate on the issue. G1 ­ Ciência e Saúde reproduced the hegemonic media discourse, giving no voice to blacks; Nexo was the newspaper that dealt with the theme most completely, using data and sources, one of them being black; and Alma Preta was the least open to the identification of the black public, with the absence of sources and lack of representation.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el debate público a través de la cobertura periodística online sobre el tema del suicidio entre adolescentes y jóvenes negros en Brasil. Para esto se seleccionaron tres medios: G1 ­ Ciência e Saúde (vinculado a Organizaciones Globo), Nexo (periódico digital independiente) y Alma Preta (agencia de periodismo especializada em temas étnicos en Brasil). Utilizando teorías de práctica periodística, opinión pública y silencio, así como el uso de una hermenéutica profunda, este estudio concluyó que los medios no promueven completamente el debate público sobre el tema. G1 ­ Ciência e Saúde reprodujo el discurso de los medios hegemónicos, sin dar voz a los negros; Nexo fue el periódico que trató el tema más completamente, utilizando datos y fuentes; y Alma Preta fue la menos abierta a la identificación del público negro, con la ausencia de fuentes y la falta de representación.