ABSTRACT
The characteristics of two cyanobacterial strains, Anabaena oryzae and Nostoc muscorum, were studied in order to use them as biofertilizers in a field experiment conducted in the two winter seasons of 2021 and 2022 at the Ismailia Agricultural Research Center Station to study the effect of both strains on peanut plant in sandy soil. Cyanobacterial strains were used individually by coating seed, soil drench, and foliar applications, as well as mixed applications of two strains in various ways. Both cyanobacterial strains morphological examination revealed that they both have heterocysts, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in their culture filtrate, and they were able to produce chlorophyll a and phosphatase enzymes. The results of an agricultural experiment showed that using Nostoc muscorum and Anabaena oryzae separately had a positive effect on peanut plants in a variety of applications, but combining both of these applications with 75% nitrogen increased the growth traits, nutrient contents, and soil biological activities in both peanut plants and their rhizosphere soil. The soil drench treatment with A. oryzae and Nostoc muscorum plus 75% nitrogen produced the highest growth results and peanut yields in a single application. The A. oryzae Soil Drench Application (S) + N. muscorum Foliar Application (F) with 75% N reported the best outcomes in mixed treatments. However, compared to single applications, all blended applications displayed better growth and yield characteristics. The results of the study suggest that employing cyanobacteria in a mixed application will enhance its advantages over a single use.
ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: Los fabricantes de DMC peróxido de hidrógeno al 35% proponen una técnica de blanqueamiento de dientes vitales que malgasta el producto y el tiempo de tratamiento, por lo que una técnica modificada traería beneficios materiales y económicos para operadores y pacientes. Objetivo: Describir la aplicación de una técnica modificada de blanqueamiento dental en dientes vitales utilizando DMC peróxido de hidrógeno al 35%. Presentación del caso: Paciente femenina de 44 años a quien se le realiza un tratamiento de blanqueamiento dental con una modificación de la técnica propuesta por el fabricante del producto. La modificación consistió en el empleo de una sola aplicación del gel blanqueador, en lugar de tres aplicaciones, y aumento del tiempo de exposición a 40 min, en lugar de los 10-15 min recomendados por el fabricante. Las variables empleadas para evaluar el tratamiento y sus resultados fueron definidas por el registro del color inicial y posterior al tratamiento, y por la satisfacción de la paciente con el resultado del mismo. Los dientes expuestos al tratamiento se encontraban con tejidos de esmalte sanos sin exposición de la dentina en ninguna de las superficies. Conclusiones: La modificación descrita de la técnica de blanqueamiento propuesta por el fabricante con DMC Lase Peroxide Sensy (peróxido de hidrógeno al 35%) consistente fundamentalmente en el empleo de una sola aplicación y aumento del tiempo de exposición en una sola sesión de tratamiento, aportó un ahorro del producto sustancial y condujo al cambio de la coloración final de los dientes, con la plena satisfacción de la paciente y protegido el esmalte superficial de sus dientes tratados.
ABSTRACT Introduction: The manufacturers of DMC 35% hydrogen peroxide propose a whitening technique of vital teeth that waste the product and the time of treatment, so a modified technique would bring material and economic benefits for operators and patients. Objective: To describe the application of a modified technique in vital teeth whitening using DMC 35% hydrogen peroxide. Case presentation: A 44-year-old female patient undergoing a whitening treatment with a modification of the technique proposed by the product manufacturer. The modification consisted in the use of a single application of the bleaching gel instead of three applications, and an increase in the exposure time to 40 min instead of the 10-15 min recommended by the manufacturer. The variables used to evaluate the treatment and its results were defined by the registration of the color before and after treatment and also by the satisfaction of the patient with the result. The teeth exposed to treatment were found with healthy enamel tissues without dentine exposure on any of the surfaces. Conclusions: The described modification of the whitening technique proposed by the manufacturer with DMC Lase Peroxide Sensy (35% hydrogen peroxide) consisting mainly on the use of a single application and the increase of the exposure time in a single treatment session contributed to a considerable saving of the product and led to the change of the final coloring of the teeth, which resulted in the full satisfaction of the patient and the protection of her exposed teeth and tissues.