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<b>Objective</b>: To assess the characteristics and influencing factors of sleep during a prehospitalization period in liver cancer survivors with frequent recurrences. <b>Methods</b>: A sleep pattern and mental health were analyzed in 12 patients who had recurrences of hepatocellular carcinoma during a pre-hospitalization period. Subjective sleep quality was assessed by PSQI-J, and objective sleep quality was measured with a actigraphic method. <b>Results</b>: The mean age of the subjects was 74.1 years and the mean number of recurrence episodes was 3.7. The mean PSQI total score was 6.7. The subjective assessment showed that 50% of the patients had a poor sleep pattern, required more time to fall asleep, had a shorter duration of sleep, and had poor sleep quality. The objective assessment showed that 50% of the patients slept for less than 360 minutes and that the patients did not have disturbance of sleep induction with a sleep latency of 3 to 29 minutes. The mean time of awakening episodes was 3.3. The hypnotic agent, severe fatigue, and poor mental health were identified as factors of the poor sleep pattern, as assessed by the subjective measures, and the hypnotic agent shortened and influenced the time spent awake after falling asleep. The subjective evaluation of sleep demonstrated inconsistency with the objective evaluation of sleep. Namely the patients with poor sleep pattern had higher sleep efficiency and significant short awakening times. <b>Conclusion</b>: The sleep pattern in liver cancer survivors was influenced by the hypnotic agent, mental health, and fatigue.
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INTRODUÇÃO: A identificação dos estados comportamentais é um fator determinante na avaliação clínica e neurofisiológica de neonatos e apresenta-se como indicador importante do desenvolvimento normal e anormal do sistema nervoso central. As variáveis fisiológicas importantes na avaliação comportamental são: freqüência cardíaca, freqüência respiratória, presença de movimentos oculares rápidos, eletromiograma (EMG), eletroencefalograma (EEG). As variáveis comportamentais são abertura e fechamento dos olhos, movimentos corporais e choro. MÉTODOS: Neste artigo, foi feita uma revisão da literatura no período de 1970-2008 utilizando os unitermos: estado comportamental e recém-nascidos, sono e recém-nascidos e, EEG e comportamento. Utilizou-se os banco de dados Medline, Scielo e Web of Science. Esta revisão foi desenvolvida no período de agosto a novembro de 2008. CONCLUSÕES: A sistematização dos achados do comportamento em recém-nascidos associado à organização bioelétrica e grafoelementos permite identificar precocemente o comprometimento encefálico e prognóstico de recém-nascidos de risco e de muito baixo peso. Na literatura existem controvérsias em relação à padronização e sistematização dos estados comportamentais de crianças prematuras, diferente do que ocorre em neonatos a termo onde estes aspectos já estão definidos.
INTRODUCTION: The identification of behavioral states is a determining factor in the clinical and neurophysiological evaluation of neonates and presents itself as an important indicator of normal and abnormal development of the central nervous system. The physiological variables that are important in behavioral assessment are: heart rate, respiratory frequency, presence of rapid eye movements, electromyogram, electroencephalogram and behavioral variables (opening and closing of the eyes, body movements, crying). METHODS: In this article, we performed a comprehensive review of the literature in the period of 1970- 2008 where a search was conducted involving the terms, behavioral states and newborns/sleep and newborns/EEG and behavior. We used the database Medline, Scielo and Web of Science. This review was done in the period between August and November 2008. CONCLUSIONS: The systematization of the findings of behavior in newborns associated with the bioelectric and graphic element organization permit the early identification of brain impairment and prognosis of newborns at risk with low birth weight. In literature there are still controversies regarding standardization and systematization of behavioral states of premature children, in term children this has been already defined.
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Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , SleepABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of Self-foot reflexology(SFR) on fatigue and sleep states in clinical women nurses. METHOD: This study was a nonequivalent pretest-posttest quasi-experimental. Women nurses were assigned to an experimental group (EG, n=20) or a control group (CG, n=20). The EG participated in SFR for a total of 40 minutes, 2 times per week during 4 weeks on their Rt & Lt feet. The CG did not receive SFR during the research period. The EG & CG had never before received SFR, and they had no open wounds or fractures. Data was analyzed using the chi-square-test, and t-test by the SPSS version 12.0 program at a 5% significant level. RESULTS: The score of fatigue in the EG was significantly lower than that of the CG and the score of sleep states in the EG was also significantly higher than that of the CG. CONCLUSION: The findings show that the score of fatigue decreased and sleep states increased in the study. Therefore, we should consider SFR as an intervention on clinical nurses. However, it is still needed to verify its effects through more intensive study.