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Plants with alien genomic components (alien chromosomes / chromosomal fragments / genes) are important materials for genomic research and crop improvement. To date, four strategies based on trait observation, chromosome analysis, specific proteins, and DNA sequences have been developed for the identification of alien genomic components. Among them, DNA sequence-based molecular markers are mainly used to identify alien genomic components. This review summarized several molecular markers for identification of alien genomic components in wheat, cabbage and other important crops. We also compared the characteristics of nine common molecular markers, such as simple sequence repeat (SSR), insertion-deletion (InDel) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). In general, the accuracy of using a combination of different identification methods is higher than using a single identification method. We analyzed the application of different combination of identification methods, and provided the best combination for wheat, brassica and other crops. High-throughput detection can be easily achieved by using the new generation molecular markers such as InDel and SNP, which can be used to determine the precise localization of alien introgression genes. To increase the identification efficiency, other new identification methods, such as microarray comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) and suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), may also be included.
Subject(s)
Chromosomes, Plant , Comparative Genomic Hybridization , Genome, Plant/genetics , Genomics , Triticum/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective To explore the influence of minimally invasive puncture drainage on blood brain barrier (BBB) function and its mechanism.Methods Ninety-two patients with hypertensive intra-cerebral hemorrhage (HICH) in the Department of Neurosurgery of Jiaxing Affiliated Second Hospital of Zhejiang Province were divided into a control group and an observation group, according to random number table method, 46 cases in each group. In the control group, the conventional craniotomy was performed, while in the observation group, minimally invasive puncture drainage was carried out to remove the hematoma. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were used to evaluate the neural function, the level of serum myelin basic protein (MBP) was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the central nervous specific serum protein S100 level was measured by electrochemical luminescence method, the albumin levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were determined by automatic biological analyzer, and the BBB index was calculated. After 14 days of surgery, the curative effect and incidence of complications of two groups were observed.Results After surgery, the NIHSS scores of two groups were obviously lower than those before surgery, and the degree of descent in observation group was more significant than that in the control group (score: 3.68±2.39 vs. 5.43±3.89,P < 0.05); after surgery, the levels of MBP, S100, albumin in cerebrospinal fluid and BBB in two groups were higher than those before surgery [MBP (μg/L): 3.02±0.28 vs. 3.81±0.29, S100 (μg/L): 0.95±0.24 vs. 1.34±0.27, cerebrospinal fluid albumin (μg/L): 9.89±0.78 vs. 21.43±1.14, BBB index: 0.22±0.04 vs. 0.48±0.05], the differences being statistically significant (allP < 0.05), but the change values in the observation group were less significant than those in the control group. The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [84.78% (39/46) vs. 65.22% (30/46),χ2 = 4.696,P = 0.030]. The incidence of wound infection, gastrointestinal bleeding in observation group was markedly lower than that in the control group [16.67% (6/46) vs. 36.96% (17/46), χ2 = 4.120,P = 0.042].Conclusion The minimally invasive puncture drainage has unequivocal clinical curative effect in treatment of patients with HICH, it can protect the nerve and BBB functions and reduce the incidence of complications.
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[Abstract ] Objective More and more researches demonstrate that epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) is highly rele-vant to cancer metastasis , tissue fibrosis and skin wound healing , but its role in the wound healing of oral mucosa still needs further ex-ploration.This study was designed to discuss the effects of EMT on the wound healing of lingual mucous membrane in rats . Methods A 3mm-diameter circular defect was made on the mucosa of lingual dorsum in 8-week-old Wistar rats.The rats were put to death at day 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 after operation.We observed tissue healing process by HE staining and used immunohistochemical fluorescence to detect the expressions of EMT-related protein E-cadherin(E-cad), Vimentin and Fibroblast specific proteins (FSP1) in lingual mucous membrane during wound healing . Results The expressions of E-cad at the edge of the wound in the lingual mucous membrane of rats at day 2 and 4 after operation were less than those at day 0 and 1 after operation , while interstitial cell specific protein Vimentin and FSP1 were positively expressed in the epidermal basal layer .The wound of lingual mucous membrane healed completely at day 8 after operation , and E-cad expression was close to that at day 0 after operation .A small amount of Vimentin and FSP 1 expressed in the epi-thelial basal layer . Conclusion E-cad, Vimentin, FSP1 are involved in the wound healing process of lingual mucous membrane . During the wound healing in the tongue mucous membrane of rats , some epithelial cells gain the feature of mesenchymal cells in the process of migration to wound centre .EMT has played an important role during wound healing of lingual mucous membrane in rats .
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Objective To discuss the significance of the detection of interferon-γin the diagnosis of active joint tuberculosis. Methods 5 kinds of specific proteins of mycobacterium tuberculosis were used as stimulating protein, the chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay was used to test the content of interferon-γ. The interferon-γof 35 cases of patients with active joint tuberculosis and 35 cases of healthy people were detected. The difference of the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ra-tio and negative likelihood ratio of 5 kinds of proteins to the diagnostic of active joint tuberculosis were compared. Results CFP10/ESAT6 fusion protein, Rv2041c protein, Rv0057/1352 fusion proteins, Rv1419 protein and Rv1656 protein were used as stimulating protein, the sensitivities of active joint tuberculosis by the whole blood interferon-γassay were 77.1%, 68.6%, 71.4%, 74.3%and 65.7%. The specifici-ties were 65.7%, 54.3%, 57.1%, 60.0%and 62.9%. The positive predictive values were 62.9%, 60%, 62.5%, 65%and 63.9%. The negative predictive values were 74.2%, 63.3%, 66.7%, 70%and 64.7%. The positive likelihood ratios were 2.25, 1.5, 1.67, 1.86 and 1.77. The nega-tive likelihood ratios were 0.348, 0.579, 0.5, 0.429 and 0.545. Conclusion The detection of interferon-γhas certain significance to joint tu-berculosis. But it is not as an index of diagnosing joint tuberculosis.
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The objective of this study was to see the effect of purified heparin binding oviduct specific proteins (OSP) as media supplement on in vitro embryo developmental competence in cattle. The oviduct specific proteins were isolated from abattoir cattle oviducts and precipitated, dialyzed and at the end purified by high performance liquid chromatography system. The SDS-PAGE profile of eluted heparin binding protein (HBP) fraction showed bands between ~66 - ~97 kDa, while heparin unbinding protein (HUBP) fraction showed two bands at ~66 kDa and in total protein (TP) bands were ~60 - ~95 kDa. Collected all three OSP fractions were used as a media supplement in three different concentrations (0, 5 and 20 µg/mL) for in vitro maturation of immature oocytes, in vitro fertilization and culture of presumptive embryos at 38.5 ºC in 5% CO2 incubator with maximum humidity. The highest cleavage rate (73.40±2.36%) was observed at 5 µg/mL concentration level and lowest cleavage rate (27.63±1.89%) was obtained in 20 μg/mL total protein (TP) fraction. The highest blastocyst formation (26.47±1.47%) also occurred in 5 µg/mL concentration of total protein (TP) fraction and the lowest blastocyst rate (3.60±1.80%) was achieved at 20 µg/mL HBP fraction. The highest cleavage rate in the control group was 60.45±2.66% in TP fraction and blastocyst formation was 11.66±2.54% in HUBP fraction which was not significantly differ from HBP fraction. These results indicate that at 5 µg/mL of total OSP fraction (TP) and HBP used as media supplement increased the cleavage rate significantly as compared to HUBP fraction, and total OSP fraction (TP) increased blastocyst formation significantly (P<0.05) as compared to HBP & HUBP fraction.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Embryonic Development , Female , Heparin/metabolism , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Oviducts/metabolism , Proteins/metabolism , Sperm-Ovum InteractionsABSTRACT
Objective To identify the specific proteins in two hydrophis (l#and 2#) with a simple differential proteins display method. Method By means of SDS-PAGE and Western blot, combined with analysis, the specific proteins in two hydrophis were obtained and been sequencing.Result The specific proteins of l#are 14.6kD and 8.7kD components and of 2#are 16.7kD. 10.2 kD components. The amino acid sequences of 14.6 kD and 10.2 kD components were assayed respectively. Conclusion Differential proteins can be obtained and used to identify the Chinese traditional medicinal crops by means of one-dimensional electrophoresis combined with antigen analysis .
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A gentle method for the isolation of nuclei from developing silk glands of Bombyx mori has been standardized. The nuclei, whether isolated or directly visualized in situ within the silk glands, exhibit complex morphology. The nuclei occupy almost the entire volume of the gigantic silk gland cells. Although the isolated nuclei still retain their ramified morphology, being polyploid they are fragile and often become fragmented. The histone and low-salt-extractable proteins from nuclei isolated from the middle and posterior silk glands on different days of the fourth and fifth instars of larval development have been analysed. The histones did not show any stage- or tissue-specific variations whereas the low-salt-extractable proteins showed some developmental stage specific variation. Using the antibody raised against one such protein, its absence in the early stage of development has been confirmed by Western blotting techniques. This developmental stage specific protein may be functionally linked to some activities responsible for boosting up the production of silk or silk-related proteins during the fifth instar of larval development.