Adulto con hematoma medular epidural espontáneo

RESUMEN El hematoma espinal es una entidad clínica poco frecuente. Se necesita de una alta sospecha clínica para su diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento oportuno. Habitualmente se presenta en forma de deterioro neurológico súbito debida a la compresión medular mecánica producida por sangre en el canal medular. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino de 53 años, consumidor de bebidas alcohólicas (ron paraguayo) en forma diaria que presenta un deterioro neurológico brusco comprometiendo miembros superiores e inferiores. Con la resonancia magnética se llega al diagnóstico de hematoma epidural a nivel de C4-C5 y mielopatía compresiva de los segmentos adyacentes.

ABSTRACT The spinal hematoma spinal is a infrequent clinical entity. A high clinical suspicion is needed for early diagnosis and timely treatment. It usually presents as a sudden neurological deterioration due to mechanical spinal cord compression caused by blood in the spinal canal. We present the case of a 53-year-old male patient, a daily consumer of alcoholic beverages (Paraguayan rum) who presented sudden neurological deterioration compromising upper and lower limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging leads to a diagnosis of epidural hematoma at the C4-C5 level and compressive myelopathy of the adjacent segments.

The use of chemoprophylaxis or not for dvt in spine surgery: a systematic review / O uso da quimioprofilaxia ou não para tvp em cirurgia de coluna: revisão sistemática / El uso de quimioprofilaxis o no para la tvp en la cirugía de columna vertebral: revisión sistemática

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare pharmacological and non-pharmacological prophylaxis in elective spine surgery to determine the risks of DVT, PTE, and epidural hematoma (EH) in both groups, as well as their respective treatment effectiveness. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis based on systematically searched articles, using combinations of MeSH terms related to chemoprophylaxis and non-chemoprophylaxis for prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in elective spine surgery. Adult patients were eligible for inclusion in the study, except for those with trauma, spinal cord injury, neoplasms, or those using vena cava filters. Results: Five studies were selected for this systematic review and meta-analysis: 3 retrospective studies, 1 prospective study, and 1 case series. Data analysis showed that 4.64% of patients treated with chemoprophylaxis had an unfavorable outcome regarding DVT, while this outcome occurred in 1.14% of patients not treated with chemoprophylaxis (p=0.001). Among patients using chemoprophylaxis, only 0.1% developed epidural hematoma and 0.38% developed PTE. Among those on non-pharmaceutical prophylaxis, 0.04% had EH (p=0.11) and 0.42% had PTE (p=0.45). Conclusions: No benefits were found for chemoprophylaxis as compared to non-chemoprophylaxis in preventing DVT in elective spine surgery, nor was there an increased risk of epidural hematoma or fatal thromboembolic events. Level of evidence III; Therapeutic studies; Investigation of treatment results.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar profilaxia farmacológica e não farmacológica em cirurgia eletiva da coluna vertebral, a fim de determinar os riscos de TVP, TEP e hematoma epidural (HE) em ambos os grupos, bem como a respectiva eficácia do tratamento. Métodos: Revisão sistemática e metanálise com base em artigos sistematicamente pesquisados, usando combinações de termos MESH relacionados à quimioprofilaxia e à não quimioprofilaxia para prevenção de trombose venosa profunda e embolia pulmonar em cirurgia eletiva da coluna vertebral. Pacientes adultos foram elegíveis para inclusão no estudo, exceto aqueles com trauma, lesão medular, neoplasias e aqueles que usavam filtros de veia cava. Resultados: Cinco estudos foram incluídos para fazer parte desta revisão sistemática e metanálise: três estudos retrospectivos, um prospectivo e um série de casos. A análise dos dados mostrou que 4,64% dos pacientes tratados com quimioprofilaxia tiveram um resultado desfavorável em relação à TVP, enquanto esse resultado ocorreu em 1,14% dos pacientes não tratados com quimioprofilaxia (p = 0,001). Entre os pacientes em uso de quimioprofilaxia, apenas 0,1% desenvolveram hematoma epidural (HE) e 0,38% desenvolveram TEP. Entre aqueles em profilaxia não medicamentosa, 0,04% apresentaram HE (p = 0,11) e 0,42% tiveram TEP (p = 0,45). Conclusões: Não foram encontrados benefícios para a quimioprofilaxia quando comparada à não quimioprofilaxia na prevenção da TVP em cirurgia eletiva da coluna vertebral, assim como não foi verificado aumento do risco de hematoma epidural ou eventos tromboembólicos fatais. Nível de evidência III; Estudos terapêuticos - Investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comparar la profilaxis farmacológica y no farmacológica en la cirugía de columna electiva para determinar los riesgos de TVP, TEP y hematoma epidural (HE) en ambos grupos, así como la respectiva eficacia del tratamiento. Métodos: Revisión sistemática y metanálisis basados en artículos buscados sistemáticamente, utilizando combinaciones de términos MESH relacionados con quimioprofilaxis y no quimioprofilaxis para la prevención de trombosis venosa profunda y embolia pulmonar en cirugía electiva de columna. Se eligieron pacientes adultos para su inclusión en el estudio, excepto aquellos con traumatismos, lesión medular, neoplasias y aquellos que usan filtros de vena cava. Resultados: Se incluyeron cinco estudios para formar parte de esta revisión sistemática y metanálisis: 3 estudios retrospectivos, 1 prospectivo y 1 serie de casos. El análisis de los datos reveló que el 4,64% de los pacientes tratados con quimioprofilaxis tuvieron un resultado desfavorable con respecto a la TVP, mientras que este resultado se produjo en el 1,14% de los pacientes no tratados con quimioprofilaxis (p = 0,001). Entre los pacientes que recibieron quimioprofilaxis, sólo el 0,1% desarrolló hematoma epidural (HE) y el 0,38% desarrolló TEP. Entre los que recibieron profilaxis no farmacológica, el 0,04% desarrolló HE (p = 0,11) y el 0,42% desarrolló TEP (p = 0,45). Conclusiones: No se encontraron beneficios para la quimioprofilaxis en comparación con la no quimioprofilaxis para prevenir la TVP en la cirugía de columna electiva, así como tampoco un mayor riesgo de hematoma epidural o eventos tromboembólicos fatales. Nivel de evidencia - III; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Epidural hematoma after total knee arthroplasty in a patient receiving rivaroxaban: A case report

Rivaroxaban, a factor Xa inhibitor, is one of the newly developed direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). In recent times, it has been increasingly used in the prevention of pulmonary embolism in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. This report describes a case of epidural hematoma in an elderly patient who underwent combined spinal epidural anesthesia for total knee arthroplasty; the patient received rivaroxaban postoperatively for 7 days to prevent pulmonary embolism. Additionally, the epidural hematomas developed on the 5th postoperative day but the patient recovered well with conservative treatment. Although rivaroxaban has a low need for monitoring and is easily administered, the guidelines should be carefully checked for the postoperative administration schedule in patients undergoing regional anesthesia. In addition, rivaroxaban should be used with caution, especially in elderly patients.

Clinical features of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma / Journal of Rural Medicine

Objective: Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is rare and therefore difficult to diagnose. This study evaluated the clinical features of this condition in patients admitted to our hospital.Patients and Methods: We evaluated 12 patients with spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma who were treated at our hospital. We investigated the following variables in these patients: underlying diseases, medications used, initial symptoms, spinal level affected, whether transported to the hospital by ambulance, department where first evaluated, mass lesion on computed tomography with soft tissue window settings, time interval between symptom onset and diagnosis, treatment received, and Frankel classification on arrival and when last observed.Results: Five patients reported the use of antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs. All patients in this study reported acute onset of severe pain as the initial symptom, and 10 patients reported some degree of paralysis accompanying the pain. With respect to the morbidity level, the cervical region was the most common site of involvement (n=7). Ten patients were transported to the hospital at night via ambulance. Five patients first visited the Department of Internal Medicine. Seven patients presented with a mass lesion on computed tomography with soft tissue window settings. The time interval between symptom onset and diagnosis ranged from 2 hours to 6 days. Three and 9 patients received conservative and surgical treatments, respectively. No patient showed worsening of Frankel classification.Conclusion: Acute onset of severe pain was the most characteristic clinical symptom. Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma should be included in the differential diagnosis. Computed tomography with soft tissue window settings may rule out cerebrovascular disease and cardiovascular disease, and specifically detect a hematoma. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging can diagnose a spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma at an early stage.

The Influence of Antiplatelet Drug Medication on Spine Surgery

BACKGROUND: The incidence of cardiovascular and neurovascular diseases has been increasing with the aging of the population, and antiplatelet drugs (APDs) are more frequently used than in the past. With the average age of spinal surgery patients also increasing, there has been a great concern on the adverse effects of APD on spine surgery. To our knowledge, though there have been many studies on this issue, their results are conflicting. In this study, we aimed to determine the influence of APDs on spine surgery in terms of intraoperative bleeding and postoperative spinal epidural hematoma complication. METHODS: Patients who underwent posterior thoracolumbar decompression and instrumentation at our institution were reviewed. There were 34 APD takers (APDT group). Seventy-nine non-APD takers (NAPDT group) were selected as a control group in consideration of demographic and surgical factors. There were two primary endpoints of this study: the amount of bleeding per 10 minutes and cauda equina compression by epidural hematoma measured at the cross-sectional area of the thecal sac in the maximal compression site on the axial T2 magnetic resonance imaging scans taken on day 7. RESULTS: Both groups were homogeneous regarding age and sex (demographic factors), the number of fused segments, operation time, and primary/revision operation (surgical factors), and the number of platelets, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time (coagulation-related factors). However, the platelet function analysis-epinephrine was delayed in the APDT group than in the NAPDT group (203.6 seconds vs. 170.0 seconds, p = 0.050). Intraoperative bleeding per 10 minutes was 40.6 ± 12.8 mL in the APDT group and 43.9 ± 9.9 mL in the NAPDT group, showing no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.154). The cross-sectional area of the thecal sac at the maximal compression site by epidural hematoma was 120.2 ± 48.2 mm2 in the APDT group and 123.2 ± 50.4 mm2 in the NAPDT group, showing no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.766). CONCLUSIONS: APD medication did not increase intraoperative bleeding and postoperative spinal epidural hematoma. Therefore, it would be safer to perform spinal surgery without discontinuation of APD therapy in patients who are vulnerable to cardiovascular and neurovascular complications.

Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma of the Cervical Spine Mimicking a Cerebrovascular Accident: A Case Report

Objective The present study is a case report of a 57-year-old female with controlled hypertension who presented with spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) mimicking a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and was successfully treated by surgical decompression. Methods A 57-year-old woman with a medical history of hypertension presented with a sudden onset of weakness in the right upper and lower extremities. Weakness of grade 3/5 was noted in her right upper and lower extremities, but there was no motor weakness of the right facial muscles. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exam of the cervical spine revealed an epidural hematoma extending from level C5 to level C7, causing spinal cord compression. Results During surgery, a cervical spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) was evacuated. Postoperatively, the power in both limbs improved to grade 5/5 just after surgery. Conclusions A high degree of suspicion, meticulous history taking, and physical examination have a great importance in these rare conditions because anticoagulant therapy as a routine treatment for ischemic CVA could be life-threatening.

Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma Associated with Venous Phlebolith in Cervical Spine and Possible Pathogenesis

Although the etiology of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is unclear, SSEH is known to be associated with anticoagulants, coagulopathy, vascular malformation, hypertension, and pregnancy. However, no report has been issued on the relation between SSEH and venous phlebolith. Here, the authors present an extremely rare case of SSEH associated with phlebolith in the cervical spine and suggest a possible pathogenesis. A 36-year-old man without any relevant medical history presented with neck pain and numbness and severe radiating pain on the left arm. Magnetic resonance imaging showed epidural hematoma at the C5–7 level, and computed tomography revealed a calcified nodule in the left epidural hemorrhage at C6 level. During left partial laminectomy, epidural venous plexus, and thick epidural hematoma were found, and hematoma removal revealed a white, ovoid, smooth, hard mass of diameter 3 mm. Histopathologic examination confirmed the mass as a venous phlebolith. The presence of a calcified solitary nodule in dorsal epidural space indicates the presence of phlebolith and the risk of SSEH. In such cases, the authors recommend spine surgeons should take into consideration the possibility of epidural hemorrhage.

Drainage of an acute spinal epidural hematoma that developed without risk factors in the thoracic spine using epidural needle: A case report

Epidural hematoma after epidural block is a rare complication in healthy patients without risk factor. However, this rare disease can lead to neurological symptoms or paralysis. It is usually treated with surgical drainage. Herein we report a case of acute thoracic epidural hematoma associated with neurologic symptoms after epidural block in a healthy male without risk factors. We performed drainage of the epidural hematoma using 18-gauge Tuohy needle without surgical intervention. The patient's neurological symptoms and pain were relieved. He was discharged without sequelae.

Spontaneous Cervical Epidural Hematomas in Mild Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Patients: An Analysis of 8 Cases / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Spontaneous cervical epidural hematoms (SCEH) complicated with mild cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a rare but emerging condition.Early diagnosis and treatment are important for good outcomes.This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of this condition and to discuss the optimal treatment.The clinical data from 8 patients with SCEH plus CSM who were divided into two groups by treatment methods were retrospectively analyzed.The neurological function of the patients was assessed by Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score before and after the surgical operations.Other factors were reviewed with medical records.Among them,4 out of the 8 patients underwent emergency surgery,and the rest 3 patients experienced an initial conservative treatment and ultimately received a laminectomy.We found that the Frankel Scale scores in most of the surgical patients were increased after surgery (6/7,85.7％).However,the JOA scores at the 6th month after onset were even lower than those before onset in 3 of the operative cases,and those in the patients who were given conservative treatment showed no significant change.It was concluded that some patients with SCEH and CSM treated with a timely operation may obtain relief from their previous CSM symptoms.However,the final neurological deficits of these patients were closely related to the progressive interval which refers to the hours between the initial onset and the occurrence of new neurological deficits or mild CSM deterioration,no matter whether they accept the operation.We found the crucial progressive interval may be in 9 h.Early MRIand prompt neurosurgical intervention are also important to improve the neurological deficits.

Should We Check the Routine Postoperative MRI for Hematoma in Spinal Decompression Surgery?

BACKGROUND: A postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is performed as a routine to assess decompression of the spinal cord as well as to evaluate postoperative complications. The purpose of this study is to analyze the efficacy of postoperative MRI for hematoma in spinal decompression surgery. METHODS: Between January 1, 2008 and January 31, 2015, 185 patients who underwent postoperative MRI after spinal decompression surgery were included in this study. We checked the history of the use of an anticoagulant or antiplatelet agent, withdrawal period, blood platelet count, and prothrombin time (international normalized ratio [INR]). We measured the total amount of suction drainage and duration until removal. We retrospectively reviewed the presence of hematoma and thecal sac compression. Postoperative prognosis was evaluated by a visual analog scale (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). RESULTS: Hematomas were found on postoperative MRI scans in 97 out of 185 patients (52.4%). Thirty patients had a thecal sac compressing hematoma: 7 in the cervical spine, 1 in the thoracic spine, and 22 in the lumbar spine. The occurrence of hematoma did not show significant difference according to the use of an anticoagulant (p = 0.157). The blood platelet count, prothrombin time (INR), and suction drainage duration did not have a statistically significant correlation with the occurrence of hematoma (p = 0.562, p = 0.506, and p = 0.429, respectively). The total amount of suction drainage was significantly different according to the presence of hematoma (p = 0.022). The total 185 patients had a significant decrease in the postoperative VAS score (p < 0.001), and the diminution of VAS score was not significantly different according to the occurrence of hematoma (p = 0.243). Even in the cases of thecal sac compressing hematoma, the reduction of VAS score was not significantly different (p = 0.689). CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative MRI for hematoma in spinal decompression surgery has little effect on prognosis or management. Therefore, indiscriminate postoperative MRI should be avoided and MRI should be performed depending on the patient's status.

Postoperative Spinal Epidural Hematoma: The Danger Caused by the Misuse of Thrombin-Containing Local Hemostatics

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. PURPOSE: To examine the hypothesis that the misuse of thrombin-containing local hemostatics (TCLH) increases the risk of postoperative spinal epidural hematoma (POSEH). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Many studies have focused on hypocoagulability as a risk factor for POSEH. However, there are no prior reports on the increased risk of POSEH in hypercoagulable states. METHODS: Posterior instrumented lumbar spine surgery cases over 2 consecutive years were divided into two groups: a study group (98 patients in whom TCLH was used) and a control group (176 patients in whom TCLH was not used). The excess TCLH matrix that was not associated with blood clot was not removed from the patients in the study group. The senior author decided whether to use TCLH or not. Suction drains were used in all patients. The demographics, coagulation-related factors, and intraoperative factors of the patients in the two groups were analyzed. The development of POSEH was compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The two groups were homogenous in demographics (age and sex), coagulation-related factors (platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and platelet function analysis), and surgical factors (total blood loss, operation time, blood loss/10 minutes, number of fusion segments, posterolateral fusion/posterior lumbar interbody fusion, and virgin or revision surgery). POSEH developed more frequently in the patients in the study group than in those in the control group (14/98 patients, 14.3% vs. 3/176 patients, 1.7%, respectively; p=0.001; odds ratio, 17.1). CONCLUSIONS: TCLH causes blood clot not only at the edge of damaged vessels but also at the site of extravascular blood. Excess TCLH matrix not associated with blood clot at the epidural space can enhance POSEH development because early clotted hematomas do not drain through suction drains.

Why Cannot Suction Drains Prevent Postoperative Spinal Epidural Hematoma?

BACKGROUND: Postoperative spinal epidural hematoma (POSEH) is different from spontaneous or post-spinal procedure hematoma because of the application of suction drains. However, it appeared that suction drains were not effective for prevention of POSEH in previous studies. The purpose of this study was to test our hypothesis that POSEH can be caused by hypercoagulability. METHODS: This was an experimental study. One hundred fifty milliliters of blood was donated from each of the 12 consecutive patients who underwent spine surgery and infused into 3 saline bags of 50 mL each. One of the 3 bags in each set contained 5,000 units of thrombin. All of them were connected to 120 ± 30 mmHg vacuum suctions: drainage was started 8 minutes after connection to the vacuum system for 12 normal blood bags (BV8) and 12 thrombin-containing blood bags (TBV8) and 15 minutes after connection for the remaining 12 normal blood bags (BV15). The amount of initial and remaining hematoma at 20 minutes, 120 minutes, and 24 hours after vacuum application were measured by their weight (g). The primary endpoint was the difference between BV8 and TBV8. The secondary end point was the difference between BV8 and BV15. RESULTS: The remaining hematoma in TBV8 was significantly greater than that in BV8 at all measurement points: 46.3 ± 12.4 vs. 17.0 ± 1.3 (p = 0.000) at 20 minutes; 33.0 ± 8.2 vs. 16.3 ± 1.2 (p = 0.000) at 120 minutes; and 26.1 ± 4.0 vs. 15.8 ± 1.6 (p = 0.000) at 24 hours after vacuum application. The remaining hematoma of BV15 was significantly greater than that of BV8 at all measurement points: 30.0 ± 12.0 vs. 17.0 ± 1.3 (p = 0.002) at 20 minutes; 24.2 ± 7.6 vs. 16.3 ± 1.2 at 120 minutes (p = 0.002); and 22.2 ± 6.6 vs. 15.8 ± 1.6 (p = 0.004) at 24 hours after vacuum application. CONCLUSIONS: With a suction drain in place, the amount of remaining hematoma could be affected by coagulability. Thrombin-containing local hemostatics and the length of time elapsed before the commencement of suction resulted in hypercoagulability, indicating these two factors could be causes of POSEH.

Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma Coexisting Guillan-Barré Syndrome in a Child: A Case Report

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) has been reported as a rare cause of spinal cord compression, especially in children. Clinical features are usually nonspecific, although cervicothoracic location of hematoma could be presented with progressive paraplegia. Guillian-Barré syndrome (GBS) is clinically defined as an acute peripheral neuropathy causing progressive limb weakness. Because SSEH and GBS have very similar signs and symptoms, SSEH could be misdiagnosed as GBS. Nevertheless, they can be presented together. We describe a rare case of SSEH coexisting with GBS.

Risk Factors and Postoperative Prognostic Factors of Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: To explore the risk factors and the factors associated with the neurological improvement after operation in the spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: The cause of the spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is unknown. The objective risk and prognostic factors are still controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2006 to December 2014, a total of 12 patients with spontaneous epidural hematoma were evaluated. The risk and prognostic factors analyzed were sex, age, underlying diseases, medications, neurologic status, level and extent of hematoma, cord edema, and interval from onset to surgery. We analyzed the correlation between each factor and neurologic recovery. The neurologic status was analyzed using the American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale (AIS) at the first and the last neurologic examination. RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 68.6 years. Seven patients were treated with anticoagulation therapy, and two were advised to switch to a healthier diet. The initial neurologic status of the patients was AIS A in 2 cases, B in 5 cases, C in 4 cases, D in 1 case, and in two patients, cord edema was revealed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The interval of time from onset to surgery was less than 24 hours in 6 cases, 24-48 hours in 4 cases, and more than 48 hours in 2 cases. CONCLUSIONS: The prognostic factors associated with spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma were found to be initial neurologic status, cord edema on MRI, and interval from onset to surgery. We found no correlation between anticoagulation therapy or healthy diet and spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma, but anticoagulation therapy cannot be excluded as a risk factor.

Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma on the Ventral Portion of Whole Spinal Canal: A Case Report

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is an uncommon but disabling disease. This paper reports a case of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma and treatment by surgical management. A 32-year-old male presented with a 30-minute history of sudden headache, back pain, chest pain, and progressive quadriplegia. Whole-spinal sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed spinal epidural hematoma on the ventral portion of the spinal canal. Total laminectomy from T5 to T7 was performed, and hematoma located at the ventral portion of the spinal cord was evacuated. Epidural drainages were inserted in the upper and lower epidural spaces. The patient improved sufficiently to ambulate, and paresthesia was fully recovered. Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma should be considered when patients present symptoms of spinal cord compression after sudden back pain or chest pain. To prevent permanent neurologic deficits, early and correct diagnosis with timely surgical management is necessary.

Spinal Epidural Hematoma and Intracranial Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Aggravated with Lumbar Puncture in a Patient with Polycythemia Vera / 대한임상신경생리학회지

No abstract available.

A Case of Spontaneous Spinal Epidural Hematoma Misidentified as a Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is an uncommon cause of spinal cord compression. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are important, however, diagnosis is often difficult due to variable neurologic deficit. We report on the case of a 69-year-old female patient in right hemiparesis. She was treated with thrombolysis therapy for acute cerebral infarction before being transferred to our hospital. Findings on a cervical spine magnetic resonance image showed spinal epidural hematoma and cord compression. She was prepared to undergo decompressive surgery, however, neurologic deficits began to show improvement. She was managed conservatively and was discharged without deficits approximately nine days after onset.

Cervical Spine Epidural Hematoma Disguised as Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report

Cervical spine epidural hematoma is a rare disease, which can sometimes be misdiagnosed as acute ischemic stroke when a patient shows hemiparesis. A 68-year-old woman visited the emergency department with right side motor weakness without signs of facial palsy or cranial nerve deficit. She also complained of accompanying neck pain. Acute ischemic stroke was suspected initially and a non-contrast computed tomography of the brain was taken, which showed no cerebral hemorrhage. Brain and cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed for further evaluation. No evidence of cerebral infarction. However, an epidural hematoma was detected on cervical spine MRI. The patient was consulted to the neurosurgery department and decompressive laminectomy and hematoma evacuation was performed. Emergency physicians should consider cervical spine epidural hematoma in cases of sudden onset hemiparesis with accompanying neck pain.

Cervical Spine Epidural Hematoma Disguised as Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report

Cervical spine epidural hematoma is a rare disease, which can sometimes be misdiagnosed as acute ischemic stroke when a patient shows hemiparesis. A 68-year-old woman visited the emergency department with right side motor weakness without signs of facial palsy or cranial nerve deficit. She also complained of accompanying neck pain. Acute ischemic stroke was suspected initially and a non-contrast computed tomography of the brain was taken, which showed no cerebral hemorrhage. Brain and cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed for further evaluation. No evidence of cerebral infarction. However, an epidural hematoma was detected on cervical spine MRI. The patient was consulted to the neurosurgery department and decompressive laminectomy and hematoma evacuation was performed. Emergency physicians should consider cervical spine epidural hematoma in cases of sudden onset hemiparesis with accompanying neck pain.

Hematoma espinal / Spinal hematoma

El hematoma epidural espinal es un hallazgo poco frecuente en la práctica médica. Se presenta un caso de una paciente portadora en la región dorsal, donde su forma de presentación también se consideró muy inhabitual y confusa; esta debutó con un dolor precordial con irradiación del brazo izquierdo, la espalda y el estómago, instaurándose después una mielitis transversa dorsal. Se presenta el resultado de la resonancia magnética nuclear dorsal, con consideraciones diagnósticas de los diferentes tipos de hematomas espinales. Se realizó una laminectomía desde D3 a D6 y se evacuó un extenso hematoma epidural desde D1 a D8.

Epidural spinal hematoma is an infrequent finding in medical practice. A case of a female patient suffering from a pain in the dorsal region, with its way of presentation was also considered as an unusual and confuse occurrence; it started with precordial pain irradiating left arm, back and stomach, establishing a dorsal transverse myelitis. The result of a nuclear magnetic resonance is presented with diagnostic considerations of different types of spinal hematomas. A laminectomy from D3 to D6 was performed and a large epidural hematoma from D1 to D8 was evacuated.