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ObjectiveTaking the rat model of spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome（SSDHS） as the research object， this study aimed to investigate the potential biomarkers of SSDHS and the related metabolic pathways based on urine metabolomics， and tried to reveal the essence of SSDHS at the level of endogenous small molecular metabolites. MethodSixteen SD rats were randomly divided into normal and model groups. The normal group was fed normal chow and the model group was fed with 200 g·L-1 honey water daily， and lard and Chinese Baijiu alternately on alternate days for 17 days. The SSDHS model rats were exposed to external dampness-heat environment with temperature at 30-34 ℃， relative humidity of 95% for 2 h at the same time every day from the 10th day for 7 d. Then， the model was evaluated by observing the general conditions of the rats， measuring the contents of motilin（MTL） and gastrin（GT） in plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）， and examining the histopathology of gastronitestinal tissues. In additon， the urine metabolomics analysis was performed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）， and the detection conditions was as follows：ACQUITY™ UPLC BEH C18 column（2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.7 μm）， mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution（A）-0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution（B） for gradient elution （0-3 min， 1%-18%B； 3-8 min， 18%-40%B； 8-10 min， 40%-100%B）， the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min-1， electrospray ionization（ESI） in positive and negative ion modes， scanning range of m/z 50-1 000. The univariate and multivariate statistical analysis were constructed for screening inter-group differential ions， the element composition was calculated according to the precise relative molecular weight， and ion information was matched with databases such as Human Metabolome Database（HMDB） to identify biomarkers. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） database was used to obtain the biological information of metabolites， and their associated metabolic pathways were analyzed by MetaboAnalyst 5.0. ResultCompared with the normal group， the rectal temperature of the model group increased significantly（P<0.01）， the levels of plasma MTL and GT decreased significantly（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and pathological changes such as bleeding， congestion and inflammatory infiltration in the gastric and colonic tissues. A total of 25 differential metabolites such as L-histidine， citric acid and isocitric acid were found to be the potential biomarker of SSDHS by urine metabolomics， 13 of which were phase Ⅱ metabolites of endogenous substances（glucuronic acid conjugates， sulfuric acid conjugates and acetyl conjugates）， involving the metabolic pathways of histidine metabolism， tricarboxylic acid cycle， glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism. ConclusionSSDHS primarily causes disorders of histidine metabolism， tricarboxylic acid cycle， glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism， as well as the imbalance of the activation/inactivation of endogenous metabolites， which may involve the immune response， material and energy metabolism， inflammatory response and intestinal flora， and may provide a basis for the establishment and application of SSDHS model.
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Objective To investigate the mechanisms of Mieyou Decoction in the treatment of Hp-associated gastritis of spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome. Methods Seventy BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, high concentration of Mieyou Decoction group, low concentrations of Mieyou Decoction group, and gastric triad group, with 14 rats in each group. BALB/c mice of Hp-associated gastritis of spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome models were established by composite factor. After the success of modeling and continuous 14-day administration, the expressions of TLR2, TLR4 protein, TLR2 mRNA, and TLR4 mRNA were detected by immunohistochemistry and qPCR. ELISA was used to detect the expressions of IL-6 and IL-8 in the serum. Results Compared with control group, the expressions of TLR2, TLR4 protein, mRNA, IL-6, and IL-8 in model group significantly increased (P0.05). Conclusion Mieyou Decoction may play a role in the treatment of Hp-associated gastritis of spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome through intervention in the expressions of TLR2 and TLR4.
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Objective To explore the therapeutic effect, mechanism and safety of Qingrehuashi recipe in treating chronic superficial gastritis with erosion pertaining to spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome. Methods 84 cases of chronic superficial gastritis with erosion were recruited into a control group and a treatment group randomly, with each groups containing 42 cases. The treatment group was treated with Qingrehuashi recipe, while the control group was treated with Qingweizhitong granule. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. The clinical manifestations and signs, gastroscopic results and pathological effects were observed before and after the treatment. Results The total effective rate and curative rate in the treatment group were superior to those in the control group (P<0.05) . Conclusion Qingre Huashi recipe is effective and safe in in treating chronic superficial gastritis with erosion pertaining to spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome. The mechanism might be related to its effects of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, eradicating Hp, promoting gastric motility and enhancing gastric mucosal barrier.
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【Objective】 To establish the quantified standard of spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome(SSDHS) in chronic superficial gastritis(CSG).【Methods】Based on the epidemiological survey,the factors related to SSDHS and non-SSDHS were quantified and scored,and then the quantified standard was set up and used for the degree grading of SSDHS.【Results】The diagnostic threshold value of SSDHS in chronic superficial gastritis was 49 points.The results of retrospective examination showed that the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy and likelihood ratio of qualified SSDHS standard are 90.91%,90.57%,90.72% and 9.64 respectively.The graded criteria of SSDHS were as follows:49～57 points for the mild syndrome,58～65 points for the moderate syndrome,and over 65 points for the severe syndrome.【Conclusion】It is indicated that the qualified SSDHS standard in chronic superficial gastritis is practical for its preciseness and rationality,and is worth of further study.
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[Objective] To establish the animal model of spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome (SDS). [Methods] Fifty SD male rats were randomized into 5 groups. Group A was fed with routine methods; group B was fed under the damp-heat environment; group C was fed with high fat and sugar diet and alternative feeding of fat and wine; group D was fed with a combined method of under damp-heat environment and giving high fat and sugar diet and wine; group E was fed by the method similar to group D and with Qingre Huashi Prescription at the same time. Fifteen days later, the symptoms and signs, and gastrin (GAS) and motilin (MTL) levels in the serum, plasma and gastrointestinal mucosa were observed to evaluate the models. [ Results] The symptoms and signs and pathological changes in Group D were similar to those of SDS. [Conclusion] The combined method of feeding under damp-heat environment and with high fat, sugar diet and wine supply a new data for the research of SDS.
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【Objective】To study the correlation of human leucocyte antigen(HLA) class Ⅱ allele with spleen-stomach damp-heat(SSDH) syndrome.【Methods】From those people with native place of Guangdong,16 healthy volunteers served as the normal control and 46 patients with chronic superficial gastritis or digestive ulceration were enrolled into the observation.Of 46 patients,26 were classified into SSDH and 20 into spleen deficiency(SD) syndrome.HLA-DRB1,HLA-DQA1,HLA-DQB1,and HLADPB1 alleles of HLA class Ⅱ from whole blood sample were analyzed by the method of polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers(PCR-SSP).【Results】The gene frequency of DQA1*0103 in SSDH group was remarkably higher than that in the normal control group(P